Direct cellular reprogramming and inner ear regeneration

References

• Wilson BS, Tucci DL, Merson MH, et al. Global hearing health care: new findings and perspectives. Lancet. 2017 Dec 2;390(10111):2503–2515. PubMed PMID: 28705460.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goman AM, Reed NS, Lin FR. Addressing estimated hearing loss in adults in 2060. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017 Jul 1;143(7):733–734. . PubMed PMID: 28253386; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5824202.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomblin JB, Harrison M, Ambrose SE, et al. Language outcomes in young children with mild to severe hearing loss. Ear Hear. 2015 Nov-Dec;36(Suppl. 1):76S–91S. PubMed PMID: 26731161; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4704115.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harrison Bush AL, Lister JJ, Lin FR, et al. Peripheral hearing and cognition: evidence from the Staying Keen in Later Life (SKILL) study. Ear Hear. 2015 Jul-Aug;36(4):395–407. PubMed PMID: 25587666; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4478097.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin FR, Metter EJ, O’Brien RJ, et al. Hearing loss and incident dementia. Arch Neurol. 2011 Feb;68(2):214–220. PubMed PMID: 21320988; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3277836.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McGill TJ, Schuknecht HF. Human cochlear changes in noise induced hearing loss. Laryngoscope. 1976 Sep;86(9):1293–1302. . PubMed PMID: 1085393.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nadol JB Jr., Shiao JY, Burgess BJ, et al. Histopathology of cochlear implants in humans. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2001 Sep;110(9):883–891. PubMed PMID: 11558767.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dowell RC, Dettman SJ, Blamey PJ, et al. Speech perception in children using cochlear implants: prediction of long-term outcomes. Cochlear Implants Int. 2002 Mar;3(1):1–18. PubMed PMID: 18792108.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wise AK, Hume CR, Flynn BO, et al. Effects of localized neurotrophin gene expression on spiral ganglion neuron resprouting in the deafened cochlea. Mol Ther. 2010 Jun;18(6):1111–1122. PubMed PMID: 20216530; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2889745.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan B, Askew C, Galvin A, et al. Gene therapy restores auditory and vestibular function in a mouse model of Usher syndrome type 1c. Nat Biotechnol. 2017 Mar;35(3):264–272. PubMed PMID: 28165476; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5340578.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mellado Lagarde MM, Wan G, Zhang L, et al. Spontaneous regeneration of cochlear supporting cells after neonatal ablation ensures hearing in the adult mouse. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2014 Nov 25;111(47):16919–16924. PubMed PMID: 25385613; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4250150.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu Q, Wang Y, Chang Q, et al. Virally expressed connexin26 restores gap junction function in the cochlea of conditional Gjb2 knockout mice. Gene Ther. 2014 Jan;21(1):71–80. PubMed PMID: 24225640; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3881370.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goutman JD, Elgoyhen AB, Gomez-Casati ME. Cochlear hair cells: the sound-sensing machines. FEBS Lett. 2015 Nov 14;589(22):3354–3361. PubMed PMID: 26335749; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4641020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raphael Y, Kim YH, Osumi Y, et al. Non-sensory cells in the deafened organ of Corti: approaches for repair. Int J Dev Biol. 2007;51(6–7):649–654. PubMed PMID: 17891723.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor RR, Jagger DJ, Forge A. Defining the cellular environment in the organ of Corti following extensive hair cell loss: a basis for future sensory cell replacement in the Cochlea. PLoS One. 2012;71:e30577. PubMed PMID: 22299045; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3267727
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schnee ME, Ricci A Hair cells and their synapses. In: Manley GA, Gummer AW, Popper ANeditors. Understanding the Cochlea. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2017. p. 183–213.
   Google Scholar
• Corwin JT, Cotanche DA. Regeneration of sensory hair cells after acoustic trauma. Science. 1988 Jun 24;240(4860):1772–1774. PubMed PMID: 3381100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryals BM, Rubel EW. Hair cell regeneration after acoustic trauma in adult Coturnix quail. Science. 1988 Jun 24;240(4860):1774–1776. PubMed PMID: 3381101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cruz RM, Lambert PR, Rubel EW. Light microscopic evidence of hair cell regeneration after gentamicin toxicity in chick cochlea. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1987 Oct;113(10):1058–1062. PubMed PMID: 3620125.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Weisleder P, Rubel EW. Hair cell regeneration in the avian vestibular epithelium. Exp Neurol. 1992 Jan;115(1):2–6. PubMed PMID: 1728567; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stone JS, Cotanche DA. Hair cell regeneration in the avian auditory epithelium. Int J Dev Biol. 2007;516–7:633–647. PubMed PMID: 17891722
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cruz IA, Kappedal R, Mackenzie SM, et al. Robust regeneration of adult zebrafish lateral line hair cells reflects continued precursor pool maintenance. Dev Biol. 2015 Jun 15;402(2):229–238. PubMed PMID: 25869855; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4450121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinto-Teixeira F, Viader-Llargues O, Torres-Mejia E, et al. Inexhaustible hair-cell regeneration in young and aged zebrafish. Biol Open. 2015 May 22;4(7):903–909. PubMed PMID: 26002931; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4571094.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romero-Carvajal A, Acedo NJ, Jiang L, et al. Regeneration of sensory hair cells requires localized interactions between the Notch and Wnt pathways. Dev Cell. 2015 Aug 10;34(3):267–282. PubMed PMID: 26190147; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4557215.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun H, Lin CH, Smith ME. Growth hormone promotes hair cell regeneration in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) inner ear following acoustic trauma. PLoS One. 2011;611:e28372. PubMed PMID: 22140580; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3227666
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris JA, Cheng AG, Cunningham LL, et al. Neomycin-induced hair cell death and rapid regeneration in the lateral line of zebrafish (Danio rerio). J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2003 Jun;4(2):219–234. PubMed PMID: 12943374; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3202713.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsui JI, Oesterle EC, Stone JS, et al. Characterization of damage and regeneration in cultured avian utricles. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2000 Aug;1(1):46–63. PubMed PMID: 11548237; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2504559.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soucek S, Michaels L, Frohlich A. Evidence for hair cell degeneration as the primary lesion in hearing loss of the elderly. J Otolaryngol. 1986 Jun;15(3):175–183. PubMed PMID: 3723657.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Forge A, Li L, Nevill G. Hair cell recovery in the vestibular sensory epithelia of mature guinea pigs. J Comp Neurol. 1998 Jul 20;397(1):69–88. PubMed PMID: 9671280.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golub JS, Tong L, Ngyuen TB, et al. Hair cell replacement in adult mouse utricles after targeted ablation of hair cells with diphtheria toxin. J Neurosci. 2012 Oct 24;32(43):15093–15105. PubMed PMID: 23100430; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3544304.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawamoto K, Izumikawa M, Beyer LA, et al. Spontaneous hair cell regeneration in the mouse utricle following gentamicin ototoxicity. Hear Res. 2009 Jan;247(1):17–26. PubMed PMID: 18809482; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2905733.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin V, Golub JS, Nguyen TB, et al. Inhibition of Notch activity promotes nonmitotic regeneration of hair cells in the adult mouse utricles. J Neurosci. 2011 Oct 26;31(43):15329–15339. PubMed PMID: 22031879; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3235543.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanyeri H, Lopez I, Honrubia V. Histological evidence for hair cell regeneration after ototoxic cell destruction with local application of gentamicin in the chinchilla crista ampullaris. Hear Res. 1995 Sep;89(1–2):194–202. PubMed PMID: 8600126.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinkkonen ST, Chai R, Jan TA, et al. Intrinsic regenerative potential of murine cochlear supporting cells. Sci Rep. 2011;1:26. PubMed PMID: 22355545; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3216513.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malgrange B, Belachew S, Thiry M, et al. Proliferative generation of mammalian auditory hair cells in culture. Mech Dev. 2002 Mar;112(1–2):79–88. PubMed PMID: 11850180.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oshima K, Grimm CM, Corrales CE, et al. Differential distribution of stem cells in the auditory and vestibular organs of the inner ear. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2007 Mar;8(1):18–31. PubMed PMID: 17171473; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2538418.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oshima K, Senn P, Heller S. Isolation of sphere-forming stem cells from the mouse inner ear. Methods Mol Biol. 2009;493:141–162. PubMed PMID: 18839346; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2861714.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• White PM, Doetzlhofer A, Lee YS, et al. Mammalian cochlear supporting cells can divide and trans-differentiate into hair cells. Nature. 2006 Jun 22;441(7096):984–987. PubMed PMID: 16791196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li H, Liu H, Heller S. Pluripotent stem cells from the adult mouse inner ear. Nat Med. 2003 Oct;9(10):1293–1299. . PubMed PMID: 12949502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chai R, Kuo B, Wang T, et al. Wnt signaling induces proliferation of sensory precursors in the postnatal mouse cochlea. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2012 May 22;109(21):8167–8172. PubMed PMID: 22562792; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3361451.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi F, Kempfle JS, Edge AS. Wnt-responsive Lgr5-expressing stem cells are hair cell progenitors in the cochlea. J Neurosci. 2012 Jul 11;32(28):9639–9648. PubMed PMID: 22787049; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3417821.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox BC, Chai R, Lenoir A, et al. Spontaneous hair cell regeneration in the neonatal mouse cochlea in vivo. Development. 2014 Feb;141(4):816–829. PubMed PMID: 24496619; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3912828.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bramhall NF, Shi F, Arnold K, et al. Lgr5-positive supporting cells generate new hair cells in the postnatal cochlea. Stem Cell Rep. 2014 Mar 11;2(3):311–322. PubMed PMID: 24672754; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3964281.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang T, Chai R, Kim GS, et al. Lgr5+ cells regenerate hair cells via proliferation and direct transdifferentiation in damaged neonatal mouse utricle. Nat Commun. 2015 Apr 7;6:6613. PubMed PMID: 25849379; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4391285.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burns JC, Cox BC, Thiede BR, et al. In vivo proliferative regeneration of balance hair cells in newborn mice. J Neurosci. 2012 May 9;32(19):6570–6577. PubMed PMID: 22573679; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3359838.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bucks SA, Cox BC, Vlosich BA, et al. Supporting cells remove and replace sensory receptor hair cells in a balance organ of adult mice. eLife. 2017 Mar;6;6. PubMed PMID: 28263708; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5338920. doi:10.7554/eLife.18128.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis RL, Weintraub H, Lassar AB. Expression of a single transfected cDNA converts fibroblasts to myoblasts. Cell. 1987 Dec 24;51(6):987–1000. PubMed PMID: 3690668.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takahashi K, Yamanaka S. Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors. Cell. 2006 Aug 25;126(4):663–676. PubMed PMID: 16904174.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cobaleda C, Jochum W, Busslinger M. Conversion of mature B cells into T cells by dedifferentiation to uncommitted progenitors. Nature. 2007 Sep 27;449(7161):473–477. . PubMed PMID: 17851532.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo Z, Zhang L, Wu Z, et al. In vivo direct reprogramming of reactive glial cells into functional neurons after brain injury and in an Alzheimer’s disease model. Cell Stem Cell. 2014 Feb 6;14(2):188–202. PubMed PMID: 24360883; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3967760.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qian L, Huang Y, Spencer CI, et al. In vivo reprogramming of murine cardiac fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocytes. Nature. 2012 May 31;485(7400):593–598. PubMed PMID: 22522929; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3369107.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song G, Pacher M, Balakrishnan A, et al. Direct reprogramming of hepatic myofibroblasts into hepatocytes in vivo attenuates liver fibrosis. Cell Stem Cell. 2016 Jun 2;18(6):797–808. PubMed PMID: 26923201.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith ZD, Sindhu C, Meissner A. Molecular features of cellular reprogramming and development. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2016 Mar;17(3):139–154. . PubMed PMID: 26883001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srivastava D, DeWitt N. In vivo cellular reprogramming: the next generation. Cell. 2016 Sep 8;166(6):1386–1396. PubMed PMID: 27610565.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takahashi K. Cellular reprogramming–lowering gravity on Waddington’s epigenetic landscape. J Cell Sci. 2012 Jun 1;125(Pt 11):2553–2560. PubMed PMID: 22736045.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bermingham NA, Hassan BA, Price SD, et al. Math1: an essential gene for the generation of inner ear hair cells. Science. 1999 Jun 11;284(5421):1837–1841. PubMed PMID: 10364557; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cafaro J, Lee GS, Stone JS. Atoh1 expression defines activated progenitors and differentiating hair cells during avian hair cell regeneration. Dev Dyn. 2007 Jan;236(1):156–170. . PubMed PMID: 17096404.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Izumikawa M, Minoda R, Kawamoto K, et al. Auditory hair cell replacement and hearing improvement by Atoh1 gene therapy in deaf mammals. Nat Med. 2005 Mar;11(3):271–276. PubMed PMID: 15711559.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atkinson PJ, Wise AK, Flynn BO, et al. Hair cell regeneration after ATOH1 gene therapy in the cochlea of profoundly deaf adult guinea pigs. PLoS One. 2014;9(7):e102077. PubMed PMID: 25036727; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4103851.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Y, Yu H, Zhang Y, et al. Cotransfection of Pax2 and math1 promote in situ cochlear hair cell regeneration after neomycin insult. Sci Rep. 2013 Oct 21;3:2996. PubMed PMID: 24141260; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3801138.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly MC, Chang Q, Pan A, et al. Atoh1 directs the formation of sensory mosaics and induces cell proliferation in the postnatal mammalian cochlea in vivo. J Neurosci. 2012 May 9;32(19):6699–6710. PubMed PMID: 22573692; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3477623.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraft S, Hsu C, Brough DE, et al. Atoh1 induces auditory hair cell recovery in mice after ototoxic injury. Laryngoscope. 2013 Apr;123(4):992–999. PubMed PMID: 23483451; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3609898.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Z, Dearman JA, Cox BC, et al. Age-dependent in vivo conversion of mouse cochlear pillar and Deiters’ cells to immature hair cells by Atoh1 ectopic expression. J Neurosci. 2012 May 9;32(19):6600–6610. PubMed PMID: 22573682; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3359704.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan S, Wan J, Liu S, et al. Lentivirus carrying the Atoh1 gene infects normal rat cochlea. Neural Regen Res. 2013 Jun 15;8(17):1551–1559. PubMed PMID: 25206450; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4145961.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Z, Fang J, Dearman J, et al. In vivo generation of immature inner hair cells in neonatal mouse cochleae by ectopic Atoh1 expression. PLoS One. 2014;9(2):e89377. PubMed PMID: 24586731; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3930725.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng JL, Gao WQ. Overexpression of Math1 induces robust production of extra hair cells in postnatal rat inner ears. Nat Neurosci. 2000 Jun;3(6):580–586. . PubMed PMID: 10816314.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie WR, Jen HI, Seymour ML, et al. An Atoh1-S193A phospho-mutant allele causes hearing deficits and motor impairment. J Neurosci. 2017 Sep 6;37(36):8583–8594. PubMed PMID: 28729444.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Izumikawa M, Batts SA, Miyazawa T, et al. Response of the flat cochlear epithelium to forced expression of Atoh1. Hear Res. 2008 Jun;240(1–2):52–56. PubMed PMID: 18430530; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2494705.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao Z, Kelly MC, Yu D, et al. Spatial and age-dependent hair cell generation in the postnatal mammalian utricle. Mol Neurobiol. 2016 Apr;53(3):1601–1612. PubMed PMID: 25666161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlecker C, Praetorius M, Brough DE, et al. Selective atonal gene delivery improves balance function in a mouse model of vestibular disease. Gene Ther. 2011 Sep;18(9):884–890. PubMed PMID: 21472006; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3136627.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ueki Y, Wilken MS, Cox KE, et al. Transgenic expression of the proneural transcription factor Ascl1 in Muller glia stimulates retinal regeneration in young mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2015 Nov 3;112(44):13717–13722. PubMed PMID: 26483457; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4640735.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li W, Nakanishi M, Zumsteg A, et al. In vivo reprogramming of pancreatic acinar cells to three islet endocrine subtypes. eLife. 2014 Jan 1;3:e01846. PubMed PMID: 24714494; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3977343.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niu W, Zang T, Zou Y, et al. In vivo reprogramming of astrocytes to neuroblasts in the adult brain. Nat Cell Biol. 2013 Oct;15(10):1164–1175. PubMed PMID: 24056302; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3867822.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jorstad NL, Wilken MS, Grimes WN, et al. Stimulation of functional neuronal regeneration from Muller glia in adult mice. Nature. 2017 Aug 3;548(7665):103–107. PubMed PMID: 28746305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao X, Guo P, Shiota C, et al. Endogenous reprogramming of alpha cells into beta cells, induced by viral gene therapy, reverses autoimmune diabetes. Cell Stem Cell. 2018 Jan 4;22(1):78–90 e4. PubMed PMID: 29304344; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5757249.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyamoto K, Akiyama M, Tamura F, et al. Direct in vivo reprogramming with sendai virus vectors improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction. Cell Stem Cell. 2018 Jan 4;22(1):91–103 e5. PubMed PMID: 29276141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costa A, Sanchez-Guardado L, Juniat S, et al. Generation of sensory hair cells by genetic programming with a combination of transcription factors. Development. 2015 Jun 1;142(11):1948–1959. PubMed PMID: 26015538.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ikeda R, Pak K, Chavez E, et al. Transcription factors with conserved binding sites near ATOH1 on the POU4F3 gene enhance the induction of cochlear hair cells. Mol Neurobiol. 2015 Apr;51(2):672–684. PubMed PMID: 25015561; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4291311.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masuda M, Pak K, Chavez E, et al. TFE2 and GATA3 enhance induction of POU4F3 and myosin VIIa positive cells in nonsensory cochlear epithelium by ATOH1. Dev Biol. 2012 Dec 1;372(1):68–80. PubMed PMID: 22985730; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3483650.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmed M, Wong EY, Sun J, et al. Eya1-Six1 interaction is sufficient to induce hair cell fate in the cochlea by activating Atoh1 expression in cooperation with Sox2. Dev Cell. 2012 Feb 14;22(2):377–390. PubMed PMID: 22340499; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3285434.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walters BJ, Coak E, Dearman J, et al. In vivo interplay between p27(Kip1), GATA3, ATOH1, and POU4F3 converts non-sensory cells to hair cells in adult mice. Cell Rep. 2017 Apr 11;19(2):307–320. PubMed PMID: 28402854; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5423718.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuo BR, Baldwin EM, Layman WS, et al. In vivo Cochlear hair cell generation and survival by coactivation of beta-catenin and Atoh1. J Neurosci. 2015 Jul 29;35(30):10786–10798. PubMed PMID: 26224861; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4518053.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ni W, Lin C, Guo L, et al. Extensive supporting cell proliferation and mitotic hair cell generation by in vivo genetic reprogramming in the neonatal mouse Cochlea. J Neurosci. 2016 Aug 17;36(33):8734–8745. PubMed PMID: 27535918.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atkinson PJ, Dong Y, Gu S, et al. Sox2 haploinsufficiency primes regeneration and Wnt responsiveness in the mouse cochlea. J Clin Invest. 2018 Apr 2;128(4):1641–1656. PubMed PMID: 29553487; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5873847.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doi A, Park IH, Wen B, et al. Differential methylation of tissue- and cancer-specific CpG island shores distinguishes human induced pluripotent stem cells, embryonic stem cells and fibroblasts. Nat Genet. 2009 Dec;41(12):1350–1353. PubMed PMID: 19881528; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2958040.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yakushiji N, Suzuki M, Satoh A, et al. Correlation between Shh expression and DNA methylation status of the limb-specific Shh enhancer region during limb regeneration in amphibians. Dev Biol. 2007 Dec 1;312(1):171–182. PubMed PMID: 17961537.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho Y, Sloutsky R, Naegle KM, et al. Injury-induced HDAC5 nuclear export is essential for axon regeneration. Cell. 2013 Nov 7;155(4):894–908. PubMed PMID: 24209626; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3987749.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waldhaus J, Cimerman J, Gohlke H, et al. Stemness of the organ of Corti relates to the epigenetic status of Sox2 enhancers. PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e36066. PubMed PMID: 22570694; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3343037.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Layman WS, Sauceda MA, Zuo J. Epigenetic alterations by NuRD and PRC2 in the neonatal mouse cochlea. Hear Res. 2013 Oct;304:167–178. PubMed PMID: 23911933; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3784354.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stojanova ZP, Kwan T, Segil N. Epigenetic regulation of Atoh1 guides hair cell development in the mammalian cochlea. Development. 2015 Oct 15;142(20):3529–3536. PubMed PMID: 26487780; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4631768.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLean WJ, Yin X, Lu L, et al. Clonal expansion of Lgr5-positive cells from mammalian Cochlea and high-purity generation of sensory hair cells. Cell Rep. 2017 Feb 21;18(8):1917–1929. PubMed PMID: 28228258; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5395286.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li W, Wu J, Yang J, et al. Notch inhibition induces mitotically generated hair cells in mammalian cochleae via activating the Wnt pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2015 Jan 6;112(1):166–171. PubMed PMID: 25535395; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4291673.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maass JC, Gu R, Basch ML, et al. Changes in the regulation of the Notch signaling pathway are temporally correlated with regenerative failure in the mouse cochlea. Front Cell Neurosci. 2015;9:110. PubMed PMID: 25873862; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4379755.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hildebrand MS, Newton SS, Gubbels SP, et al. Advances in molecular and cellular therapies for hearing loss. Mol Ther. 2008 Feb;16(2):224–236. PubMed PMID: 18223547.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawamoto K, Ishimoto S, Minoda R, et al. Math1 gene transfer generates new cochlear hair cells in mature guinea pigs in vivo. J Neurosci. 2003 Jun 1;23(11):4395–4400. PubMed PMID: 12805278.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheffield AM, Gubbels SP, Hildebrand MS, et al. Viral vector tropism for supporting cells in the developing murine cochlea. Hear Res. 2011 Jul;277(1–2):28–36. PubMed PMID: 21530627; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3137760.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Staecker H, Praetorius M, Baker K, et al. Vestibular hair cell regeneration and restoration of balance function induced by math1 gene transfer. Otol Neurotol. 2007 Feb;28(2):223–231. PubMed PMID: 17255891.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Staecker H, Li D, O’Malley BW Jr., et al. Gene expression in the mammalian cochlea: a study of multiple vector systems. Acta Otolaryngol. 2001 Jan;121(2):157–163. PubMed PMID: 11349769.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raphael Y, Frisancho JC, Roessler BJ. Adenoviral-mediated gene transfer into guinea pig cochlear cells in vivo. Neurosci Lett. 1996 Mar 29;207(2):137–141. PubMed PMID: 8731440.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dazert S, Battaglia A, Ryan AF. Transfection of neonatal rat cochlear cells in vitro with an adenovirus vector. Int J Dev Neurosci. 1997 Jul;15(4–5):595–600. PubMed PMID: 9263036.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venail F, Wang J, Ruel J, et al. Coxsackie adenovirus receptor and alpha nu beta3/alpha nu beta5 integrins in adenovirus gene transfer of rat cochlea. Gene Ther. 2007 Jan;14(1):30–37. PubMed PMID: 16886000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luebke AE, Steiger JD, Hodges BL, et al. A modified adenovirus can transfect cochlear hair cells in vivo without compromising cochlear function. Gene Ther. 2001 May;8(10):789–794. PubMed PMID: 11420643.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atkinson PJ, Wise AK, Flynn BO, et al. Neurotrophin gene therapy for sustained neural preservation after deafness. PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e52338. PubMed PMID: 23284995; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3524079.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holt JR, Johns DC, Wang S, et al. Functional expression of exogenous proteins in mammalian sensory hair cells infected with adenoviral vectors. J Neurophysiol. 1999 Apr;81(4):1881–1888. PubMed PMID: 10200223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bedrosian JC, Gratton MA, Brigande JV, et al. In vivo delivery of recombinant viruses to the fetal murine cochlea: transduction characteristics and long-term effects on auditory function. Mol Ther. 2006 Sep;14(3):328–335. PubMed PMID: 16765094; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4108343.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iizuka T, Kanzaki S, Mochizuki H, et al. Noninvasive in vivo delivery of transgene via adeno-associated virus into supporting cells of the neonatal mouse cochlea. Hum Gene Ther. 2008 Apr;19(4):384–390. PubMed PMID: 18439125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper LB, Chan DK, Roediger FC, et al. AAV-mediated delivery of the caspase inhibitor XIAP protects against cisplatin ototoxicity. Otol Neurotol. 2006 Jun;27(4):484–490. PubMed PMID: 16791039.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akil O, Seal RP, Burke K, et al. Restoration of hearing in the VGLUT3 knockout mouse using virally mediated gene therapy. Neuron. 2012 Jul 26;75(2):283–293. PubMed PMID: 22841313; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3408581.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chien WW, Isgrig K, Roy S, et al. Gene therapy restores hair cell stereocilia morphology in inner ears of deaf whirler mice. Mol Ther. 2016 Feb;24(1):17–25. PubMed PMID: 26307667; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4754541.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isgrig K, Shteamer JW, Belyantseva IA, et al. Gene therapy restores balance and auditory functions in a mouse model of Usher syndrome. Mol Ther. 2017 Mar 1;25(3):780–791. PubMed PMID: 28254438; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5363211.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen H, Xing Y, Xia L, et al. AAV-mediated NT-3 overexpression protects cochleae against noise-induced synaptopathy. Gene Ther. 2018 Jul;25(4):251–259. PubMed PMID: 29535374; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6062503.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landegger LD, Pan B, Askew C, et al. A synthetic AAV vector enables safe and efficient gene transfer to the mammalian inner ear. Nat Biotechnol. 2017 Mar;35(3):280–284. PubMed PMID: 28165475; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5340646.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emptoz A, Michel V, Lelli A, et al. Local gene therapy durably restores vestibular function in a mouse model of Usher syndrome type 1G. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2017 Sep 5;114(36):9695–9700. PubMed PMID: 28835534; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5594693.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzuki J, Hashimoto K, Xiao R, et al. Cochlear gene therapy with ancestral AAV in adult mice: complete transduction of inner hair cells without cochlear dysfunction. Sci Rep. 2017 Apr 3;7:45524. PubMed PMID: 28367981; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5377419.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derby ML, Sena-Esteves M, Breakefield XO, et al. Gene transfer into the mammalian inner ear using HSV-1 and vaccinia virus vectors. Hear Res. 1999 Aug;134(1–2):1–8. PubMed PMID: 10452370.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen X, Frisina RD, Bowers WJ, et al. HSV amplicon-mediated neurotrophin-3 expression protects murine spiral ganglion neurons from cisplatin-induced damage. Mol Ther. 2001 Jun;3(6):958–963. PubMed PMID: 11407910.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar