The future of cancer vaccines against colorectal cancer

References

• Huang J, Lucero-Prisno DE 3rd, Zhang L, et al. Updated epidemiology of gastrointestinal cancers in East Asia. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023;20:271–287. doi: 10.1038/s41575-022-00726-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lenz H-J, van Cutsem E, Luisa Limon M, et al. First-line nivolumab plus low-dose ipilimumab for microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair-deficient metastatic colorectal cancer: the phase II CheckMate 142 study. J Clin Oncol. 2022;40(2):161–170. doi: 10.1200/JCO.21.01015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• André T, Shiu K-K, Kim TW, et al. Pembrolizumab in microsatellite-Instability–High advanced colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(23):2207–2218. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2017699
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hosseinalizadeh H, Rahmati M, Ebrahimi A, et al. Current status and challenges of vaccination therapy for glioblastoma. Mol Cancer Ther. 2023;22(4):435–446. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-22-0503
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butterfield LH. Cancer vaccines. BMJ. 2015;350:h988–h988. doi: 10.1136/bmj.h988
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saxena M, van Der Burg SH, Melief CJM, et al. Therapeutic cancer vaccines. Nat Rev Cancer. 2021;21(6):360–378. doi: 10.1038/s41568-021-00346-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahin U, Türeci Ö. Personalized vaccines for cancer immunotherapy. Science. 2018;359:1355–1360. doi: 10.1126/science.aar7112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adamik J, Butterfield LH. What’s next for cancer vaccines. Sci Transl Med. 2022;14(670):eabo4632. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo4632
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu X, Huang P, Yang R, et al. mRNA cancer vaccines: construction and boosting strategies. ACS Nano. 2023;17(20):19550–19580. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05635
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jia W, Zhang T, Huang H, et al. Colorectal cancer vaccines: the current scenario and future prospects. Front Immunol. 2022;13:942235. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.942235
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim S, Kim BJ, Kim I, et al. A phase II study of chemotherapy in combination with telomerase peptide vaccine (GV1001) as second-line treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J Cancer. 2022;13(4):1363–1369. doi: 10.7150/jca.70385
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hubbard JM, Tőke ER, Moretto R, et al. Safety and activity of PolyPEPI1018 combined with maintenance therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: an open-label, multicenter, phase ib study. Clin Cancer Res Off J Am Assoc Cancer Res. 2022;28(13):2818–2829. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-22-0112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belnoue E, Mayol J-F, Carboni S, et al. Targeting self- and neoepitopes with a modular self-adjuvanting cancer vaccine. JCI Insight. 2019;4(11):e127305. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.127305
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pascolutti R, Yeturu L, Philippin G, et al. ATP128 clinical therapeutic cancer vaccine activates NF-κB and IRF3 pathways through TLR4 and TLR2 in human monocytes and dendritic cells. Cancers (Basel). 2022;14(20):14. doi: 10.3390/cancers14205134
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahin U, Derhovanessian E, Miller M, et al. Personalized RNA mutanome vaccines mobilize poly-specific therapeutic immunity against cancer. Nature. 2017;547(7662):222–226. doi: 10.1038/nature23003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu Y-J, Shan N, Li L-Y, et al. Preliminary clinical study of personalized neoantigen vaccine therapy for microsatellite stability (MSS)-advanced colorectal cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother CII. 2023;72(7):2045–2056. doi: 10.1007/s00262-023-03386-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim C-Y, Kim D-S, Kang Y, et al. Immune responses to plant-derived recombinant colorectal cancer glycoprotein EpCAM-FcK fusion protein in mice. Biomol Ther. 2022;30(6):546–552. doi: 10.4062/biomolther.2022.103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park SH, Ji K-Y, Park SY, et al. Immunotherapeutic effects of recombinant colorectal cancer antigen produced in tomato fruits. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):9723. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-13839-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harari A, Graciotti M, Bassani-Sternberg M, et al. Antitumour dendritic cell vaccination in a priming and boosting approach. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2020;19(9):635–652. doi: 10.1038/s41573-020-0074-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Small EJ, Schellhammer PF, Higano CS, et al. Placebo-controlled phase III trial of immunologic therapy with sipuleucel-T (APC8015) in patients with metastatic, asymptomatic hormone refractory prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(19):3089–3094. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2005.04.5252
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Español-Rego M, Fernández-Martos C, Elez E, et al. A phase I-II multicenter trial with Avelumab plus autologous dendritic cell vaccine in pre-treated mismatch repair-proficient (MSS) metastatic colorectal cancer patients; GEMCAD 1602 study. Cancer Immunol Immunother CII. 2023;72(4):827–840. doi: 10.1007/s00262-022-03283-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCormick AL, Anderson TS, Daugherity EA, et al. Targeting the pericyte antigen DLK1 with an alpha type-1 polarized dendritic cell vaccine results in tumor vascular modulation and protection against colon cancer progression. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1241949. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1241949
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gabrilovich DI. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Cancer Immunol Res. 2017;5(1):3–8. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-16-0297
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jordan KR, Kapoor P, Spongberg E, et al. Immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells are increased in splenocytes from cancer patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2017;66(4):503–513. doi: 10.1007/s00262-016-1953-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang L, Ding Z, Zhang Y. CD24 (+) MDSC-DCs Induced by CCL5-deficiency showed improved antitumor activity as tumor vaccines. Glob Med Genet. 2022;9(2):097–109. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1743569
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Takahashi K, Tanabe K, Ohnuki M, et al. Induction of pluripotent stem cells from adult human fibroblasts by defined factors. Cell. 2007;131(5):861–872. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2007.11.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xue D, Lu S, Zhang H, et al. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived engineered T cells, natural killer cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells in immunotherapy. Trends Biotechnol. 2023;41(7):907–922. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.02.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maruoka S, Ojima T, Iwamoto H, et al. Tumor RNA transfected DCs derived from iPS cells elicit cytotoxicity against cancer cells induced from colorectal cancer patients in vitro. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):3295. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-07305-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang R, Zhu T, Hou B, et al. An iPSC-derived exosome-pulsed dendritic cell vaccine boosts antitumor immunity in melanoma. Mol Ther J Am Soc Gene Ther. 2023;31(8):2376–2390. doi: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.06.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yarchoan M, Huang C, Zhu Q, et al. A phase 2 study of GVAX colon vaccine with cyclophosphamide and pembrolizumab in patients with mismatch repair proficient advanced colorectal cancer. Cancer Med. 2020;9(4):1485–1494. doi: 10.1002/cam4.2763
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris JE, Ryan L, Hoover HC, et al. Adjuvant active specific immunotherapy for stage II and III colon cancer with an autologous tumor cell vaccine: eastern cooperative oncology group study E5283. J Clin Oncol. 2000;18(1):148–148. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2000.18.1.148
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Apetoh L, Ghiringhelli F, Tesniere A, et al. Toll-like receptor 4–dependent contribution of the immune system to anticancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Nat Med. 2007;13(9):1050–1059. doi: 10.1038/nm1622
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obeid M, Tesniere A, Ghiringhelli F, et al. Calreticulin exposure dictates the immunogenicity of cancer cell death. Nat Med. 2007;13(1):54–61. doi: 10.1038/nm1523
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tesniere A, Schlemmer F, Boige V, et al. Immunogenic death of colon cancer cells treated with oxaliplatin. Oncogene. 2010;29(4):482–491. doi: 10.1038/onc.2009.356
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fucikova J, Kralikova P, Fialova A, et al. Human tumor cells killed by anthracyclines induce a tumor-specific immune response. Cancer Res. 2011;71(14):4821–4833. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-0950
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lei J, Zhou Z, Fang J, et al. Aspirin induces immunogenic cell death and enhances cancer immunotherapy in colorectal cancer. Int Immunopharmacol. 2023;121:110350. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110350
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hufnagel S, Xu H, Colemam MF, et al. 4-(N)-Docosahexaenoyl 2’, 2’-difluorodeoxycytidine induces immunogenic cell death in colon and pancreatic carcinoma models as a single agent. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2022;89:59–69. doi: 10.1007/s00280-021-04367-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Z, Li W, Park J, et al. Camptothesome elicits immunogenic cell death to boost colorectal cancer immune checkpoint blockade. J Control Release Off J Control Release Soc. 2022;349:929–939. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.07.042
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qin X, Yang T, Xu H, et al. Dying tumor cells-inspired vaccine for boosting humoral and cellular immunity against cancer. J Control Release Off J Control Release Soc. 2023;359:359–372. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.05.044
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hao Y, Gu Z, Yu Z, et al. Photodynamic therapy in combination with the hepatitis b core virus-like particles (HBc VLPs) to prime anticancer immunity for colorectal cancer treatment. Cancers (Basel). 2022;14(11):14. doi: 10.3390/cancers14112724
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang X, Ren L, Ye L, et al. Photodynamic therapy augments oxaliplatin-induced immunogenic cell death in colorectal cancer. Cent-Eur J Immunol. 2023;48(3):189–202. doi: 10.5114/ceji.2023.132053
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun Z, Zhao M, Wang W, et al. 5-ALA mediated photodynamic therapy with combined treatment improves anti-tumor efficacy of immunotherapy through boosting immunogenic cell death. Cancer Lett. 2023;554:216032. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.216032
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Remic T, Sersa G, Levpuscek K, et al. Tumor cell-based vaccine contributes to local tumor irradiation by eliciting a tumor model-dependent systemic immune response. Front Immunol. 2022;13:974912. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.974912
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chai C, Zhang J, Zhou Y, et al. The effects of oncolytic pseudorabies virus vaccine strain inhibited the growth of colorectal cancer HCT-8 cells in vitro and in vivo. Anim Open Access J MDPI. 2022;12(18):12. doi: 10.3390/ani12182416
   Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Gabere M, Taylor MA, et al. Repurposing live attenuated trivalent MMR vaccine as cost-effective cancer immunotherapy. Front Oncol. 2022;12:1042250. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1042250
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gögenur M, Balsevicius L, Bulut M, et al. Neoadjuvant intratumoral influenza vaccine treatment in patients with proficient mismatch repair colorectal cancer leads to increased tumor infiltration of CD8+ T cells and upregulation of PD-L1: a phase 1/2 clinical trial. J Immunother Cancer. 2023;11(5):11. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2023-006774
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang K-Y, Lai C-Y, Hung W-Z, et al. A novel engineered AAV-based neoantigen vaccine in combination with radiotherapy eradicates tumors. Cancer Immunol Res. 2023;11(1):123–136. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-22-0318
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morse MA, Chaudhry A, Gabitzsch ES, et al. Novel adenoviral vector induces T-cell responses despite anti-adenoviral neutralizing antibodies in colorectal cancer patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2013;62(8):1293–1301. doi: 10.1007/s00262-013-1400-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmer CD, Rappaport AR, Davis MJ, et al. Individualized, heterologous chimpanzee adenovirus and self-amplifying mRNA neoantigen vaccine for advanced metastatic solid tumors: phase 1 trial interim results. Nat Med. 2022;28(8):1619–1629. doi: 10.1038/s41591-022-01937-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Redman JM, Tsai Y-T, Weinberg BA, et al. A randomized phase II trial of mFOLFOX6 + bevacizumab alone or with AdCEA vaccine + avelumab immunotherapy for untreated metastatic colorectal cancer. Oncology. 2022;27(3):198–209. doi: 10.1093/oncolo/oyab046
   Google Scholar
• Nguyen H-M, Gaikwad S, Oladejo M, et al. Targeting ubiquitin-like protein, ISG15, as a novel tumor associated antigen in colorectal cancer. Cancers (Basel). 2023;15(4):15. doi: 10.3390/cancers15041237
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson TS, McCormick AL, Daugherity EA, et al. Listeria-based vaccination against the pericyte antigen RGS5 elicits anti-vascular effects and colon cancer protection. Oncoimmunology. 2023;12(1):2260620. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2023.2260620
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morse MA, Hobeika AC, Osada T, et al. An alphavirus vector overcomes the presence of neutralizing antibodies and elevated numbers of tregs to induce immune responses in humans with advanced cancer. J Clin Invest. 2010;120(9):3234–3241. doi: 10.1172/JCI42672
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flickinger JCJ, Singh J, Yarman Y, et al. T-Cell responses to immunodominant listeria epitopes limit vaccine-directed responses to the colorectal cancer antigen, guanylyl cyclase C. Front Immunol. 2022;13:855759. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.855759
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snook AE, Baybutt TR, Xiang B, et al. Split tolerance permits safe Ad5-GUCY2C-PADRE vaccine-induced T-cell responses in colon cancer patients. J Immunother Cancer. 2019;7(1):104. doi: 10.1186/s40425-019-0576-2
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Morse M, Niedzwiecki D, Marshall J, et al. Survival rates among patients vaccinated following resection of colorectal cancer metastases in a phase II randomized study compared with contemporary controls. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(15_suppl):3557–3557. doi: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.3557
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrop R, Connolly N, Redchenko I, et al. Vaccination of colorectal cancer patients with modified vaccinia ankara delivering the tumor antigen 5T4 (TroVax) induces immune responses which correlate with disease control: a phase I/II trial. Clin Cancer Res. 2006;12(11):3416–3424. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2732
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao T, Cai Y, Jiang Y, et al. Vaccine adjuvants: mechanisms and platforms. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2023;8(1):283. doi: 10.1038/s41392-023-01557-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turley JL, Lavelle EC. Resolving adjuvant mode of action to enhance vaccine efficacy. Curr Opin Immunol. 2022;77:102229. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102229
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le Naour J, Galluzzi L, Zitvogel L, et al. Trial watch: TLR3 agonists in cancer therapy. Oncoimmunology. 2020;9(1):1771143. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2020.1771143
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang W, Zhu Q, Jin Y, et al. Self-immolated nanoadjuvant for in situ vaccination immunotherapy of colorectal cancer. Adv Healthc Mater. 2023;12(23):e2300524. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202300524
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo Z, Noh I, Zhu AT, et al. Cancer Cell Membrane Nanodiscs for Antitumor Vaccination. Nano Lett. 2023;23(17):7941–7949. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01775
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okada H, Takahashi K, Yaku H, et al. In situ vaccination using unique TLR9 ligand K3-SPG induces long-lasting systemic immune response and synergizes with systemic and local immunotherapy. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):2132. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-05702-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paladhi A, Daripa S, Mondal I, et al. Targeting thymidine phosphorylase alleviates resistance to dendritic cell immunotherapy in colorectal cancer and promotes antitumor immunity. Front Immunol. 2022;13:988071. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.988071
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eini L, Naseri M, Karimi-Busheri F, et al. Preventive cancer stem cell-based vaccination modulates tumor development in syngeneic colon adenocarcinoma murine model. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2023;149(7):4101–4116. doi: 10.1007/s00432-022-04303-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luchner M, Reinke S, Milicic A. TLR agonists as vaccine adjuvants targeting cancer and infectious diseases. Pharmaceutics. 2021;13(2):142. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020142
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dranoff G. GM‐CSF‐based cancer vaccines. Immunol Rev. 2002;188(1):147–154. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-065X.2002.18813.x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Duinkerken S, Horrevorts SK, Kalay H, et al. Glyco-dendrimers as intradermal anti-tumor vaccine targeting multiple skin DC subsets. Theranostics. 2019;9(20):5797–5809. doi: 10.7150/thno.35059
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen X. Emerging adjuvants for intradermal vaccination. Int J Pharm. 2023;632:122559. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122559
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sun Z, Jiang J, Chen X. Evaluation of therapeutic equivalence for the follow-on version of intravenously administered non-biological complex drugs. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2020;59(8):995–1004. doi: 10.1007/s40262-020-00889-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanasty R, Dorkin JR, Vegas A, et al. Delivery materials for siRNA therapeutics. Nat Mater. 2013;12(11):967–977. doi: 10.1038/nmat3765
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghaemi A, Vakili-Azghandi M, Abnous K, et al. Oral non-viral gene delivery platforms for therapeutic applications. Int J Pharm. 2023;642:123198. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123198
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Alias NAR, Hoo WPY, Siak PY, et al. Effect of secretion efficiency of mutant KRAS neoantigen by Lactococcus lactis on the immune response of a mucosal vaccine delivery vehicle targeting colorectal cancer. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(10):24. doi: 10.3390/ijms24108928
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu S, Zhang T, Zheng L, et al. Combination strategies to maximize the benefits of cancer immunotherapy. J Hematol OncolJ Hematol Oncol. 2021;14(1):156. doi: 10.1186/s13045-021-01164-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Y, Zhu X, You J, et al. Efficacy of bivalent CEACAM6/4-1BBL genetic vaccine combined with anti-PD1 antibody in MC38 tumor model of mice. Heliyon. 2022;8(10):e10775. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10775
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mougel A, Terme M, Tanchot C. Therapeutic cancer vaccine and combinations with antiangiogenic therapies and immune checkpoint blockade. Front Immunol. 2019;10:467. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00467
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huinen ZR, Huijbers EJM, Van Beijnum JR, et al. Anti-angiogenic agents — overcoming tumour endothelial cell anergy and improving immunotherapy outcomes. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2021;18(8):527–540. doi: 10.1038/s41571-021-00496-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mougel A, Méjean F, Tran T, et al. Synergistic effect of combining sunitinib with a peptide-based vaccine in cancer treatment after microenvironment remodeling. Oncoimmunology. 2022;11(1):2110218. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2022.2110218
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tan X, Xu L, Jian X, et al. Pgnneo: a proteogenomics-based neoantigen prediction pipeline in noncoding regions. Cells. 2023;12(5):12. doi: 10.3390/cells12050782
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu Y, Zhang J, Ni L, et al. Neoantigen-reactive T cells exhibit effective anti-tumor activity against colorectal cancer. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2022;18(1):1–11. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1891814
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ajiro M, Awaya T, Kim YJ, et al. Therapeutic manipulation of IKBKAP mis-splicing with a small molecule to cure familial dysautonomia. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):4507. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-24705-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsushima S, Ajiro M, Iida K, et al. Chemical induction of splice-neoantigens attenuates tumor growth in a preclinical model of colorectal cancer. Sci Transl Med. 2022;14(673):eabn6056. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn6056
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charneau J, Suzuki T, Shimomura M, et al. Development of antigen-prediction algorithm for personalized neoantigen vaccine using human leukocyte antigen transgenic mouse. Cancer Sci. 2022;113(4):1113–1124. doi: 10.1111/cas.15291
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ke C-H, Wang Y-S, Chiang H-C, et al. Xenograft cancer vaccines prepared from immunodeficient mice increase tumor antigen diversity and host T cell efficiency against colorectal cancers. Cancer Lett. 2022;526:66–75. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.11.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cleyle J, Hardy M-P, Minati R, et al. Immunopeptidomic analyses of colorectal cancers with and without microsatellite instability. Mol Cell Proteomics Mcp. 2022;21:100228. doi: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2022.100228
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Q, Wang Z, Sun X, et al. Lymph node-targeting nanovaccines for cancer immunotherapy. J Controlled Release. 2022;351:102–122. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.09.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li T, Qian C, Gu Y, et al. Current progress in the development of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines. Sci China Life Sci. 2023;66(4):679–710. doi: 10.1007/s11427-022-2230-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azharuddin M, Zhu GH, Sengupta A, et al. Nano toolbox in immune modulation and nanovaccines. Trends Biotechnol. 2022;40(10):1195–1212. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.03.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su T, Liu X, Lin S, et al. Ionizable polymeric nanocarriers for the codelivery of bi-adjuvant and neoantigens in combination tumor immunotherapy. Bioact Mater. 2023;26:169–180. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.02.016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen F, Li T, Zhang H, et al. Acid-ionizable iron nanoadjuvant augments sting activation for personalized vaccination immunotherapy of cancer. Adv Mater Deerfield Beach Fla. 2023;35(10):e2209910. doi: 10.1002/adma.202209910
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang F, Zhang Q, Xiao J, et al. Cancer cell membrane-coated gambogic acid nanoparticles for effective anticancer vaccination by activating dendritic cells. Int J Nanomedicine. 2023;18:2261–2273. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S408521
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang Y, Nahar S, Alam MM, et al. Reactive oxygen species-sensitive biodegradable mesoporous silica nanoparticles harboring TheraVac elicit tumor-specific immunity for colon tumor treatment. ACS Nano. 2023;17(20):19740–19752. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03195
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dejea CM, Fathi P, Craig JM, et al. Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis harbor colonic biofilms containing tumorigenic bacteria. Science. 2018;359(6375):592–597. doi: 10.1126/science.aah3648
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pleguezuelos-Manzano C, Puschhof J, Rosendahl Huber A, et al. Mutational signature in colorectal cancer caused by genotoxic pks+ E. coli. Nature. 2020;580(7802):269–273. doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2080-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tong Y, Lu G, Wang Z, et al. Tubeimuside I improves the efficacy of a therapeutic Fusobacterium nucleatum dendritic cell-based vaccine against colorectal cancer. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1154818. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1154818
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holt RA. Oncomicrobial vaccines: The potential for a Fusobacterium nucleatum vaccine to improve colorectal cancer outcomes. Cell Host Microbe. 2023;31(1):141–145.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Padma S, Patra R, Sen Gupta PS, et al. Cell surface fibroblast activation protein-2 (Fap2) of Fusobacterium nucleatum as a vaccine candidate for therapeutic intervention of human colorectal cancer: an immunoinformatics approach. Vaccines. 2023;11(3):11. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11030525
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang X, Wang Y, Fan R, et al. Quantitative proteomic analysis of outer membrane vesicles from Fusobacterium nucleatum cultivated in the mimic cancer environment. Microbiol Spectr. 2023;11(4):e0039423. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00394-23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan S, Aziz S, Waqas M, et al. Targeted vaccine development against Bilophila wadsworthia to curb colon diseases: a multiepitope approach based on reverse vaccinology and computational analysis. Int J Biol Macromol. 2023;250:126002. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Motamedi H, Ari MM, Shahlaei M, et al. Designing multi-epitope vaccine against important colorectal cancer (CRC) associated pathogens based on immunoinformatics approach. BMC Bioinf. 2023;24(1):65. doi: 10.1186/s12859-023-05197-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Priyamvada P, Ramaiah S. Pan-genome and reverse vaccinology approaches to design multi-epitope vaccine against Epstein-Barr virus associated with colorectal cancer. Immunol Res. 2023;71(6):887–908. doi: 10.1007/s12026-023-09403-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frick C, Rumgay H, Vignat J, et al. Quantitative estimates of preventable and treatable deaths from 36 cancers worldwide: a population-based study. Lancet Glob Health. 2023;11(11):e1700–e1712. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00406-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolivar AM, Duzagac F, Sinha KM, et al. Advances in vaccine development for cancer prevention and treatment in lynch syndrome. Mol Aspects Med. 2023;93:101204. doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2023.101204
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solomon A, Alteber Z, Bassan D, et al. On the development of a neoantigen vaccine for the prevention of lynch syndrome. Int J Cancer. 2022;151(1):107–119. doi: 10.1002/ijc.33971
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gebert J, Gelincik O, Oezcan-Wahlbrink M, et al. Recurrent frameshift neoantigen vaccine elicits protective immunity with reduced tumor burden and improved overall survival in a lynch syndrome mouse model. Gastroenterology. 2021;161(4):1288–1302.e13. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.06.073
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson K, Samaddar S, Markiewicz MA, et al. Vaccination-Based Immunoprevention of Colorectal Tumors: a primer for the clinician. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2023;57(3):246–252. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000001808
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kijima T, Hazama S, Tsunedomi R, et al. MicroRNA-6826 and −6875 in plasma are valuable non-invasive biomarkers that predict the efficacy of vaccine treatment against metastatic colorectal cancer. Oncol Rep. 2017;37(1):23–30. doi: 10.3892/or.2016.5267
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shindo Y, Hazama S, Nakamura Y, et al. miR-196b, miR-378a and miR-486 are predictive biomarkers for the efficacy of vaccine treatment in colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett. 2017;14(2):1355–1362. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.6303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alahdal M, Elkord E. Non-coding RNAs in cancer immunotherapy: predictive biomarkers and targets. Clin Transl Med. 2023;13(9):e1425. doi: 10.1002/ctm2.1425
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanaka H, Hazama S, Iida M, et al. miR-125b-1 and miR-378a are predictive biomarkers for the efficacy of vaccine treatment against colorectal cancer. Cancer Sci. 2017;108(11):2229–2238. doi: 10.1111/cas.13390
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hao Y-J, Yang C-Y, Chen M-H, et al. Potential values of circulating microRNA-21 to predict early recurrence in patients with colorectal cancer after treatments. J Clin Med. 2022;11(9):2400. doi: 10.3390/jcm11092400
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar