Response to afatinib in treatment-naïve patients with advanced mutant epidermal growth factor receptor lung adenocarcinoma with brain metastases

References

• Gavrilovic IT, Posner JB. Brain metastases: epidemiology and pathophysiology. J Neurooncol. 2005;75(1):5–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mujoomdar A, Austin JH, Malhotra R, et al. Clinical predictors of metastatic disease to the brain from non–small cell lung carcinoma: primary tumor size, cell type, and lymph node metastases 1. Radiology. 2007;242(3):882–888.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Sloan AE, Davis FG, et al. Incidence proportions of brain metastases in patients diagnosed (1973 to 2001) in the Metropolitan Detroit Cancer Surveillance System. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22(14):2865–2872.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jain A, Lim C, Gan EM, et al. Impact of smoking and brain metastasis on outcomes of advanced EGFR mutation lung adenocarcinoma patients treated with first line epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. PloS One. 2015;10(5):e0123587.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costa G, Thuler LC, Ferreira CG. Epidemiological changes in the histological subtypes of 35,018 non-small-cell lung cancer cases in Brazil. Lung Cancer. 2016 Jul;31(97):66–72.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgensztern D, Politi K, Herbst RS. Egfr mutations in non–small-cell lung cancer: find, divide, and conquer. JAMA Oncol. 2015;1(2):146–148.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi Y, Au JS, Thongprasert S, et al. A prospective, molecular epidemiology study of EGFR mutations in Asian patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer of adenocarcinoma histology (PIONEER). J Thorac Oncol. 2014;9(2):154–162.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramlau R, Cufer T, Berzinec P, et al. INSIGHT study team. Epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer in the real-world setting in Central Europe: the INSIGHT study. J Thorac Oncol. 2015;10(9):1370–1374.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shin DY, Kim CH, Park S, et al. EGFR mutation and brain metastasis in pulmonary adenocarcinomas. J Thorac Oncol. 2014;9(2):195–199.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schuler M, Wu YL, Hirsh V, et al. First-Line afatinib versus chemotherapy in patients with non–small cell lung cancer and common epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutations and brain metastases. J Thorac Oncol. 2016;11(3):380–390.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iuchi T, Shingyoji M, Itakura M, et al. Frequency of brain metastases in non-small-cell lung cancer, and their association with epidermal growth factor receptor mutations. Int J Clin Oncol. 2015;20(4):674–679.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porta R, Sanchez-Torres JM, Paz-Ares L, et al. Brain metastases from lung cancer responding to erlotinib: the importance of EGFR mutation. Eur Respir J. 2011;37(3):624–631.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi YW, Jeon SY, Jeong GS, et al. EGFR exon 19 deletion is associated with favorable overall survival after first-line gefitinib therapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. Am J Clin Oncol. 2016. Mar 10. [Epub ahead of print].
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sequist LV, Yang JC, Yamamoto N, et al. Phase III study of afatinib or cisplatin plus pemetrexed in patients with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutations. J Clin Oncol. 2013;31(27):3327–3334.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu YL, Zhou C, Hu CP, et al. Afatinib versus cisplatin plus gemcitabine for first-line treatment of Asian patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer harbouring EGFR mutations (LUX-Lung 6): an open-label, randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2014;15(2):213–222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mok TS, Wu YL, Thongprasert S, et al. Gefitinib or carboplatin–paclitaxel in pulmonary adenocarcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(10):947–957.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee HL, Chung TS, Ting LL, et al. EGFR mutations are associated with favorable intracranial response and progression-free survival following brain irradiation in non-small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases. Radiat Oncol. 2012;7(1):1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao J, Chen M, Zhong W, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of gefitinib in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Clin Lung Cancer. 2013;14(2):188–193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Togashi Y, Masago K, Fukudo M, et al. Efficacy of increased-dose erlotinib for central nervous system metastases in non-small cell lung cancer patients with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2011;68(4):1089–1092.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iuchi T, Shingyoji M, Sakaida T, et al. Phase II trial of gefitinib alone without radiation therapy for Japanese patients with brain metastases from EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma. Lung Cancer. 2013;82(2):282–287.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welsh JW, Komaki R, Amini A, et al. Phase II trial of erlotinib plus concurrent whole-brain radiation therapy for patients with brain metastases from non–small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2013;31(7):895–902.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffknecht P, Tufman A, Wehler T, et al. Efficacy of the irreversible ErbB family blocker afatinib in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)–pretreated non–small-cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases or leptomeningeal disease. J Thorac Oncol. 2015;10(1):156–163.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dempke WC, Edvardsen K, Lu S, et al. Brain metastases in NSCLC–are TKIs changing the treatment strategy? Anticancer Research. 2015 Nov 1;35(11):5797–5806.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo S, Chen L, Chen X, et al. Evaluation on efficacy and safety of tyrosine kinase inhibitors plus radiotherapy in NSCLC patients with brain metastases. Oncotarget. 2015;6(18):16725.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang T, Min W, Li Y, et al. Radiotherapy plus EGFR TKIs in non‐small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases: an update meta‐analysis. Cancer Med. 2016;5:1055–1065.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerber NK, Yamada Y, Rimner A, et al. Erlotinib versus radiation therapy for brain metastases in patients with EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2014;89(2):322–329.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heon S, Yeap BY, Lindeman NI, et al. The impact of initial gefitinib or erlotinib versus chemotherapy on central nervous system progression in advanced non–small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutations. Clin Cancer Res. 2012;18(16):4406–4414.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li SH, Hsieh MH, Fang YF. Afatinib in Treatment-naïve patients with EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma with brain metastasis: a case series. Medicine. 2015;94:41.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• d’Avella D, Cicciarello R, Albiero F, et al. Quantitative study of blood. Brain barrier permeability changes after experimental whole‐brain radiation. Neurosurgery. 1992;30(1):30–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeng YD, Liao H, Qin T, et al. Blood-brain barrier permeability of gefitinib in patients with brain metastases from non-small-cell lung cancer before and during whole brain radiation therapy. Oncotarget. 2015;6(10):8366.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanaka T, Munshi A, Brooks C, et al. Gefitinib radiosensitizes non–small cell lung cancer cells by suppressing cellular DNA repair capacity. Clin Cancer Res. 2008;14(4):1266–1273.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chinnaiyan P, Huang S, Vallabhaneni G, et al. Mechanisms of enhanced radiation response following epidermal growth factor receptor signaling inhibition by erlotinib (Tarceva). Cancer Res. 2005;65(8):3328–3335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eisenhauer E, Therasse P, Bogaerts J, et al. New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). Eur J Cancer. 2009;45(2):228–247.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steuer CE, Behera M, Ernani V, et al. Comparison of concurrent use of thoracic radiation with either carboplatin-paclitaxel or cisplatin-etoposide for patients with stage III non-small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review. JAMA Oncol. 2016. DOI:10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.4280.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Midha A, Dearden S, McCormack R. EGFR mutation incidence in non-small-cell lung cancer of adenocarcinoma histology: a systematic review and global map by ethnicity (mutMapII). Am J Cancer Res. 2015;5(9):2892.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang JC, Shih JY, Su WC, et al. Afatinib for patients with lung adenocarcinoma and epidermal growth factor receptor mutations (LUX-Lung 2): a phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2012;13(5):539–548.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gow CH, Chien CR, Chang YL, et al. Radiotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma with brain metastases: effects of activating epidermal growth factor receptor mutations on clinical response. Clin Cancer Res. 2008;14(1):162–168.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar