129
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Meta-analysis

The effect of age, sex, and eastern cooperative oncology group performance status on the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

, , ORCID Icon, , , , , , , , , , & ORCID Icon show all
Pages 303-312 | Received 19 Dec 2023, Accepted 25 Mar 2024, Published online: 16 Apr 2024

References

  • Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209–249. doi: 10.3322/caac.21660
  • Llovet JM, Kelley RK, Villanueva A, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2021;7(1):6. doi: 10.1038/s41572-020-00240-3
  • Llovet JM, Villanueva A, Lachenmayer A, et al. Advances in targeted therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma in the genomic era. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2015;12(7):408–424. doi: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2015.103
  • Bagchi S, Yuan R, Engleman EG. Immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of cancer: clinical impact and mechanisms of response and resistance. Annu Rev Pathol. 2021;16(1):223–249. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-042020-042741
  • Finn RS, Qin S, Ikeda M, et al. Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(20):1894–1905. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1915745
  • El-Khoueiry AB, Sangro B, Yau T, et al. Nivolumab in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (CheckMate 040): an open-label, non-comparative, phase 1/2 dose escalation and expansion trial. Lancet. 2017;389(10088):2492–2502. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(17)31046-2
  • Tian JC, Liu H, Yan LJ, et al. Adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Clin Exp Med. 2022;23(6):2115–2129. doi: 10.1007/s10238-022-00938-6
  • Mischel AM, Rosielle DA. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status #434. J Palliat Med. 2022;25(3):508–510. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2021.0599
  • Yang F, Markovic SN, Molina JR, et al. Association of sex, age, and eastern cooperative oncology group performance status with survival benefit of cancer immunotherapy in randomized clinical trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(8):e2012534. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.12534
  • Yao J, Zhu X, Wu Z, et al. Efficacy and safety of PD-1 inhibitor combined with antiangiogenic therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study. Cancer Med. 2022;11(19):3612–3622. doi: 10.1002/cam4.4747
  • Choi WM, Choi J, Lee D, et al. Regorafenib versus nivolumab after sorafenib failure: real-world data in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Commun. 2020;4(7):1073–1086. doi: 10.1002/hep4.1523
  • Conforti F, Pala L, Bagnardi V, et al. Cancer immunotherapy efficacy and patients’ sex: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2018;19(6):737–746. doi: 10.1016/s1470-2045(18)30261-4
  • Ju S, Zhou C, Yang C, et al. Apatinib plus camrelizumab with/without chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: a real-world experience of a single center. Front Oncol. 2022;11:835889. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.835889
  • Ng KYY, Wong LWJ, Ang AJS, et al. Real-world efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: experience of a tertiary Asian Center. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol. 2021;17(5):e249–e261. doi: 10.1111/ajco.13454
  • Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. BMJ. 2009;339(jul21 1):b2535. doi: 10.1136/bmj.b2535
  • Stang A. Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses. Eur J Epidemiol. 2010;25(9):603–605. doi: 10.1007/s10654-010-9491-z
  • Sterne JA, Hernán MA, Reeves BC, et al. ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. BMJ. 2016;355:i4919. doi: 10.1136/bmj.i4919
  • Sterne JAC, Savović J, Page MJ, et al. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. 2019;366:l4898. doi: 10.1136/bmj.l4898
  • Llovet JM, Castet F, Heikenwalder M, et al. Immunotherapies for hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2022;19(3):151–172. doi: 10.1038/s41571-021-00573-2
  • Rimassa L, Finn RS, Sangro B. Combination immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2023;79(2):506–515. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.03.003
  • Dual Immunotherapy Makes strides against HCC. Cancer Discov. 2022;12(4):Of1. doi: 10.1158/2159-8290.Cd-nb2022-0008
  • Lyu N, Yi JZ, Zhao M. Immunotherapy in older patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Cancer. 2022;162:76–98. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.11.024
  • Shiels MS, Engels EA, Yanik EL, et al. Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma among older Americans attributable to hepatitis C and hepatitis B: 2001 through 2013. Cancer. 2019;125(15):2621–2630. doi: 10.1002/cncr.32129
  • Yan M, Ha J, Aguilar M, et al. Older patients with hepatocellular carcinoma have more advanced disease, lower rates of treatment, and lower survival. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2017;51(4):378–383. doi: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000000590
  • Rich NE, Murphy CC, Yopp AC, et al. Sex disparities in presentation and prognosis of 1110 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020;52(4):701–709. doi: 10.1111/apt.15917
  • Galle PR, Forner A, Llovet JM. EASL clinical practice guidelines: Management of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2018;69(1):182–236. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.03.019
  • Yang LS, Yan LJ, Yan YC, et al. Regional and sex differences in the mortality risk associated with primary liver cancer in obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition. 2023;113:112097. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112097
  • Klein SL, Flanagan KL. Sex differences in immune responses. Nat Rev Immunol. 2016;16(10):626–638. doi: 10.1038/nri.2016.90
  • Yan LJ, Yao SY, Meng GX, et al. Sex and regional disparities in incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in autoimmune hepatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hepatol Int. 2021;15(6):1413–1420. doi: 10.1007/s12072-021-10249-9
  • Li T, Qin LX, Gong X, et al. Clinical characteristics, outcome, and risk factors for early and late intrahepatic recurrence of female patients after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Surgery. 2014;156(3):651–660. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2014.04.008
  • Dolan RD, Daly LE, Simmons CP, et al. The relationship between ECOG-PS, mGPS, BMI/WL grade and body composition and physical function in patients with advanced cancer. Cancers (Basel). 2020;12(5):1187. doi: 10.3390/cancers12051187
  • Laird BJ, Kaasa S, McMillan DC, et al. Prognostic factors in patients with advanced cancer: a comparison of clinicopathological factors and the development of an inflammation-based prognostic system. Clin Cancer Res. 2013;19(19):5456–5464. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.Ccr-13-1066

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.