Pre-eclampsia: incidence, determinants, and pregnancy outcomes from maternity hospitals in Qatar: a population-based case-control study

References

• Rana S, Lemoine E, Granger JP, et al. Preeclampsia: pathophysiology, challenges, and perspectives. Circ Res. 2019;124(7):1094–1112. [published correction appears in Circ Res. 2020;126(1):e8].
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levine RJ, Maynard SE, Qian C, et al. Circulating angiogenic factors and the risk of preeclampsia. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(7):672–683.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuklina EV, Ayala C, Callaghan WM, et al. Hypertensive disorders and severe obstetric morbidity in the United States. Obstet Gynecol. 2009;113(6):1299–1306.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Hypertension in pregnancy 2013. Washington (DC): American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Say L, Chou D, Gemmill A, et al. Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2014;2(6):e323–e333.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawn JE, Blencowe H, Waiswa P, et al. Stillbirths: rates, risk factors, and acceleration towards 2030. Lancet. 2016;387:587–603.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knight M, Bunch K, Tuffnell D, et al. 2019. Saving lives, improving mothers’ care: Lessons learned to inform maternity care from the UK and Ireland confidential enquiries into maternal deaths and morbidity 2015–17. https://www.npeu.ox.ac.uk/assets/downloads/mbrrace-uk/reports/MBRRACE-UK%20Maternal%20Report%202019%20-%20WEB%20VERSION.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Nyfløt LT, Ellingsen L, Yli BM, et al. Maternal deaths from hypertensive disorders: lessons learnt. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2018; 97:976–987.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duley L. Maternal mortality associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1992;99(7):547–553.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• New estimates of maternal mortality. Week Epidemiol Rec. 1996;71(13):97–100.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Koopmans CM, Bijlenga D, Groen H, et al. Induction of labour versus expectant monitoring for gestational hypertension or mild pre-eclampsia after 36 weeks' gestation (HYPITAT): a multicentre, open-label randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2009;374(9694):979–988.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broekhuijsen K, van Baaren GJ, van Pampus MG, et al. Immediate delivery versus expectant monitoring for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy between 34 and 37 weeks of gestation (HYPITAT-II): an open-label, randomised controlled trial [published correction appears in Lancet. 2016 Feb 27;387(10021):848. ]. Lancet. 2015;385(9986):2492–2501.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CLASP (Collaborative Low-dose Aspirin Study in Pregnancy) Collaborative Group. CLASP: a randomised trial of low-dose aspirin for the prevention and treatment of pre-eclampsia among 9364 pregnant women. Lancet. 1994;343(8898):619–629.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magpie Trial Follow-Up Study Collaborative Group. The Magpie Trial: a randomised trial comparing magnesium sulphate with placebo for pre-eclampsia. Outcome for women at 2 years. BJOG. 2007;114(3):300–309.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 202: gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol. 2019;133(1):e1–e25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu P, Haththotuwa R, Kwok C, et al. Preeclampsia and future cardiovascular health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2017;10(2):e003497.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lykke JA, Langhoff-Roos J, Sibai BM, et al. Hypertensive pregnancy disorders and subsequent cardiovascular morbidity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the mother. Hypertension. 2009; 53:944–951.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hovsepian DA, Sriram N, Kamel H, et al. Acute cerebrovascular disease occurring after hospital discharge for labor and delivery. Stroke. 2014; 45:1947–1950.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collier CH, Martin JN. Jr. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. [cited 2018 May 10]. http://www.contemporaryobgyn.net/authors/james-n-martin-jr-md-facog-frcog-faha.
   Google Scholar
• Webster K, Fishburn S, Maresh M, et al. Diagnosis and management of hypertension in pregnancy: summary of updated NICE guidance. BMJ. 2019;366:l5119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandhu AK, Mustafa FE. Maternal mortality in Bahrain 1987–2004: an audit of causes of avoidable death. East Mediterr Health J. 2008;14(3):720–730.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Legnain M, Singh R, Busarira MO. Maternal mortality in Benghazi: a clinicoepidemiological study. East Mediterr Health J. 2000;6(2–3):283–292.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mönckeberg M, Arias V, Fuenzalida R, et al. Diagnostic performance of first trimester screening of preeclampsia based on uterine artery pulsatility index and maternal risk factors in routine clinical use. Diagnostics. 2020;10(4):182.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abalos E, Cuesta C, Carroli G, et al. Pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes: a secondary analysis of the World Health Organization Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health. BJOG. 2014;121(Suppl 1):14–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abalos E, Cuesta C, Grosso AL, et al. Global and regional estimates of preeclampsia and eclampsia: a systematic review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2013;170(1):1–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belay AS, Wudad T. Prevalence and associated factors of pre-eclampsia among pregnant women attending anti-natal care at Mettu Karl Referal Hospital, Ethiopia: cross-sectional study. Clin Hypertens. 2019;25:14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hernández-Díaz S, Toh S, Cnattingius S. Risk of pre-eclampsia in first and subsequent pregnancies: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2009;338:b2255.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartsch E, Medcalf KE, Park AL, et al. Clinical risk factors for pre-eclampsia determined in early pregnancy: systematic review and meta-analysis of large cohort studies. BMJ. 2016;353:i1753.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mor M, Shmueli A, Krispin E, et al. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy as a risk factor for preeclampsia. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2020;301(3):655–664.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raz Y, Lavie A, Vered Y, et al. Severe intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is a risk factor for preeclampsia in singleton and twin pregnancies. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015;213(3):395.e1-395–395.e8.e3958.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharara HA, Shaikh N, Ummunnisa F, et al. Changes in trends and outcomes of eclampsia: a success story from Qatar. Qatar Medi J. 2019;2019(1):10.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Maducolil MK, Abid H, Lobo RM, et al. Risk factors and classification of stillbirth in a Middle Eastern population: a retrospective study. J Perinat Med. 2018;46(9):1022–1027.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirst JE, Villar J, Victora CG, et al. The International Fetal and newborn Growth Consortium for the 21st Century (INTERGROWTH-21st). The antepartum stillbirth syndrome: risk factors and pregnancy conditions identified from the INTERGROWTH-21st Project. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 2016;125(9):1145–1153.
   Google Scholar