Postpartum depressive symptoms in women with female genital mutilation in Somalia

References

• Hutchens BF, Kearney J. Risk factors for postpartum depression: an umbrella review. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2020;65(1):96–108. doi: 10.1111/jmwh.13067.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lund C, Schneider M, Davies T, et al. Task sharing of a psychological intervention for maternal depression in Khayelitsha, South Africa: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2014;15(1):457. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-457.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shorey S, Chee CYI, Ng ED, et al. Prevalence and incidence of postpartum depression among healthy mothers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res. 2018;104:235–248. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.08.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woody CA, Ferrari AJ, Siskind DJ, et al. A systematic review and meta-regression of the prevalence and incidence of perinatal depression. J Affect Disord. 2017;219:86–92. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.05.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lupattelli A, Twigg MJ, Zagorodnikova K, et al. Self-reported perinatal depressive symptoms and postnatal symptom severity after treatment with antidepressants in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study across 12 European countries using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Clin Epidemiol. 2018;10:655–669. doi: 10.2147/CLEP.S156210.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartley M, Tomlinson M, Greco E, et al. Depressed mood in pregnancy: prevalence and correlates in two Cape Town peri-urban settlements. Reprod Health. 2011;8(1):9. doi: 10.1186/1742-4755-8-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper PJ, Tomlinson M, Swartz L, et al. Postpartum depression and the mother-infant relationship in a South African peri-urban settlement. Br J Psychiatry. 1999;175:554–558.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Dirani Z, Farouki L, Akl C, et al. Factors associated with female genital mutilation: a systematic review and synthesis of national, regional and community-based studies. BMJ Sex Reprod Health. 2022;48(3):169–178. doi: 10.1136/bmjsrh-2021-201399.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knipscheer J, Vloeberghs E, van der Kwaak A, et al. Mental health problems associated with female genital mutilation. BJPsych Bull. 2015;39(6):273–277. doi: 10.1192/pb.bp.114.047944.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Silverman ME, Reichenberg A, Savitz DA, et al. The risk factors for postpartum depression: a population-based study. Depress Anxiety. 2017;34(2):178–187. doi: 10.1002/da.22597.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO Study Group on Female Genital Mutilation and Obstetric Outcome, Banks E, Meirik O. Female genital mutilation and obstetric outcome: WHO collaborative prospective study in six African countries. Lancet. 2006;367:1835–1841.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Behrendt A, Moritz S. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and memory problems after female genital mutilation. Am J Psychiatry. 2005;162(5):1000–1002. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.5.1000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reisel D, Creighton SM. Long term health consequences of female genital mutilation (FGM). Maturitas. 2015;80(1):48–51. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2014.10.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chibber R, El‐Saleh E, El Harmi J. Female circumcision: obstetrical and psychological sequelae continues unabated in the 21st century. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2011;24(6):833–836. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2010.531318.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boghossian AS, Freebody J, Moses R, et al. Risk assessment for antenatal depression among women who have undergone female genital mutilation or cutting: are we missing the mark? Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2020;60(1):76–81. doi: 10.1111/ajo.13001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Directorate of National Statistics, Federal Government of Somalia. The Somali Health and Demographic Survey 2020; [cited 2022 Apr 26]. Available from: https://somalia.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/FINAL%20SHDS%20Report%202020_V7_0.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Female genital mutilation: an overview; [cited 2022 Apr 26]. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/42042
   Google Scholar
• Cox JL, Holden JM, Sagovsky R. Detection of postnatal depression: development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Br J Psychiatry. 1987;150(6):782–786. doi: 10.1192/bjp.150.6.782.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levis B, Negeri Z, Sun Y, et al. Accuracy of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) for screening to detect major depression among pregnant and postpartum women: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data. BMJ. 2020;371:m4022. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m4022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berg RC, Denison E, Fretheim A. Psychological, social and sexual consequences of female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C): a systematic review of quantitative studies. Oslo (Norway): Knowledge Centre for the Health Services at The Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH); 2010. (Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services (NOKC) Report No. 13-2010).
   Google Scholar
• Horowitz CR, Jackson JC. Female “circumcision”: African women confront American medicine. J Gen Intern Med. 1997;12(8):491–499. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1497.1997.00088.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghaedrahmati M, Kazemi A, Kheirabadi G, et al. Postpartum depression risk factors: a narrative review. J Educ Health Promot. 2017;6:60.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ezzeddin N, Jahanihashemi H, Zavoshy R, et al. The prevalence of postpartum depression and its association with food insecurity among mothers referring to community health centers. Iran J Psychiatry. 2018;13(4):280–287.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fisher J, Cabral de Mello M, Patel V, et al. Prevalence and determinants of common perinatal mental disorders in women in low- and lower-middle-income countries: a systematic review. Bull World Health Organ. 2012;90(2):139G–149G. doi: 10.2471/BLT.11.091850.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Z, Liu J, Shuai H, et al. Mapping global prevalence of depression among postpartum women. Transl Psychiatry. 2021;11(1):543. doi: 10.1038/s41398-021-01663-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herba CM, Glover V, Ramchandani PG, et al. Maternal depression and mental health in early childhood: an examination of underlying mechanisms in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3(10):983–992. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30148-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hahn-Holbrook J, Cornwell-Hinrichs T, Anaya I. Economic and health predictors of national postpartum depression prevalence: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of 291 studies from 56 countries. Front Psychiatry. 2017;8:248. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00248.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Upadhyay RP, Chowdhury R, Salehi A, et al. Systematic reviews postpartum depression in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Bull World Health Organ. 2017;95(10):706–717C. doi: 10.2471/BLT.17.192237.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veisani Y, Delpisheh A, Sayehmiri K, et al. Trends of postpartum depression in İran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Depress Res Treat. 2013;2013:291029. doi: 10.1155/2013/291029.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pearlstein T, Howard M, Salisbury A, et al. Postpartum depression. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;200(4):357–364. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.11.033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howard LM, Oram S, Galley H, et al. Domestic violence and perinatal mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2013;10(5):e1001452. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001452.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gebregziabher NK, Netsereab TB, Fessaha YG, et al. Prevalence and associated factors of postpartum depression among postpartum mothers in Central region, Eritrea: a health facility based survey. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):1614. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09676-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Habtamu Belete A, Alemayehu Assega M, Alemu Abajobir A, et al. Prevalence of antenatal depression and associated factors among pregnant women in Aneded woreda, North West Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study. BMC Res Notes. 2019;12(1):713. doi: 10.1186/s13104-019-4717-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck CT. Predictors of postpartum depression: an update. Nurs Res. 2001;50(5):275–285. doi: 10.1097/00006199-200109000-00004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melo EF, Cecatti JG, Pacagnella RC, et al. The prevalence of perinatal depression and its associated factors in two different settings in Brazil. J Affect Disord. 2012;136(3):1204–1208. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2011.11.023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Segre LS, O'Hara MW, Arndt S, et al. The prevalence of postpartum depression: the relative significance of three social status indices. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2007;42(4):316–321. doi: 10.1007/s00127-007-0168-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Odukogbe ATA, Afolabi BB, Bello OO, et al. Female genital mutilation/cutting in Africa. Transl Androl Urol. 2017;6(2):138–148. doi: 10.21037/tau.2016.12.01.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCoy SJ, Beal JM, Shipman SB, et al. Risk factors for postpartum depression: a retrospective investigation at 4-weeks postnatal and a review of the literature. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2006;106(4):193–198.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• van Moorst BR, das Dores S, van Lunsen RHW, et al. Seksueel en psychisch welbevinden na vrouwelijke genitale verminking [Sexual and psychological well-being after female genital mutilation: a narrative systematic review]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2018;162:D2196.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Smith H, Stein K. Psychological and counselling interventions for female genital mutilation. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2017;136(Suppl 1):60–64. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.12051.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Toru T, Chemir F, Anand S. Magnitude of postpartum depression and associated factors among women in Mizan Aman town, Bench Maji zone, Southwest Ethiopia. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018;18:442.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirani D, Bala DV. A study of postnatal depression and ıts determinants in postnatal women residing ın rural areas of Ahmedabad district, Gujarat, India. IOSR J Dent Med Sci. 2015;14:10–15.
   Google Scholar
• Gelaye B, Williams MA, Lemma S, et al. Validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression screening and diagnosis in East Africa. Psychiatry Res. 2013;210(2):653–661. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.07.015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chibanda D, Mangezi W, Tshimanga M, et al. Validation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale among women in a high HIV prevalence area in urban Zimbabwe. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2010;13(3):201–206. doi: 10.1007/s00737-009-0073-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adewuya AO, Eegunranti AB, Lawal AM. Prevalence of postnatal depression in Western Nigerian women: a controlled study. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract. 2005;9(1):60–64. doi: 10.1080/13651500510018211.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olino TM, Klein DN, Seeley JR. Profiles of psychosocial and clinical functioning in adolescence and risk for later depression and other outcomes. Psychol Med. 2020;50(12):2066–2074. doi: 10.1017/S0033291719002186.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar