71
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

A guide to conserve amphibian species in Iran

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 231-241 | Received 26 Jun 2023, Accepted 12 Sep 2023, Published online: 20 Oct 2023

References

  • Ahmadi, M., M. S. Farhadinia, S. A. Cushman, M. R. Hemami, B. Nezami Balouchi, H. Jowkar, and D. W. Macdonald. 2020. “Species and Space: A Combined Gap Analysis to Guide Management Planning of Conservation Areas”. Landscape Ecology 35:1505–1517. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-020-01033-5.
  • Ahmadi, M., M. Naderi, M. Kaboli, M. Nazarizadeh, M. Karami, and S.M. Beitollahi. 2018. “Evolutionary Applications of Phylogenetically-Informed Ecological Niche Modelling (ENM) Toexplore Cryptic Diversification over Cryptic Refugia.” Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 127:712–722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.019.
  • Ahmadzadeh, F., M. A. Carretero, D. J. Harris, A. Perera, and W. Böhme. 2012. “A Molecular Phylogeny of the Eastern Group of Ocellated Lizard Genus Timon (Sauria: Lacertidae) Based on Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Sequences.” Amphibia-Reptilia 33 (1): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853811X619718.
  • Araújo, M. B., J. M. Lobo, and J. C. Moreno. 2007. “The Effectiveness of Iberian Protected Areas in Conserving Terrestrial Biodiversity.” Biological Conservation 21 (6): 1423–1432. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00827.x.
  • Araújo, M. B., P. H. Williams, and R. J. Fuller. 2002. “Dynamics of Extinction and the Selection of Nature Reserves.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 269 (1504): 1971–1980. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2002.2121.
  • Bachman, S. P., J. Moat, A. Hill, J. de la Torre, and B. Scott. 2011. “Supporting Red List Threat Assessments with GeoCAT: Geospatial Conservation Assessment Tool.” ZooKeys 150:117–126. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109.
  • Boroushaki, S., and J. Malczewski. 2008. “Implementing an Extension of the Analytical Hierarchy Process Using Ordered Weighted Averaging Operators with Fuzzy Quantifiers in ArcGIS.” Computers & Geosciences 34 (4): 399–410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2007.04.003.
  • Buckley, L., and B. W. Jetz. 2007. “Environmental and Historical Constraints on Global Patterns of Amphibian Richness.” Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 274 (1614): 1167–1173. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.0436.
  • Ceballos, G., and P. R. Ehrlich. 2006. “Global Mammal Distributions, Biodiversity Hotspots, and Conservation.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103:19374–19379. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0609334103
  • Embert, D., S. Reichle, D. M. Larrea-Alcázar, C. Cortez, A. Muñoz, L. Gonzales, R. Montaño, et al. 2011. “Priority Areas for Amphibian Conservation in a Neotropical Megadiverse Country: The Need for Alternative, Nonplace Based, Conservation.” Biodiversity and Conservation 20 (7): 1557–1570. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-011-0045-9.
  • Eskandarzadeh, N., N. Rastegar-Pouyani, E. Rastegar-Pouyani, B. Fathinia, Z. Bahmani, K. Hamidi, and A. Gholamifard. 2018. “Annotated Checklist of the Endemic Tetrapoda Species of Iran.” Zoosystema 40 (1): 507–537.
  • ESRI. 2016. ArcGIS Desktop: Release 10. Redlands, CA: Environmental Systems Research Institute.
  • Farashi, A. 2018. “Identifying Key Habitats to Conserve the Threatened Brown Bearin Northern Iran.” Russian Journal of Ecology 49 (5): 449–455. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1067413618050041.
  • Farashi, A., and M. Shariati. 2017b. “Biodiversity Hotspots and Conservation Gaps in Iran.” Journal for Nature Conservation 39 (1): 37–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2017.06.003.
  • Farashi, A., M. Shariati, and M. Hosseini. 2017a. “Identifying Biodiversity Hotspots for Threatened Mammal Species in Iran.” Mammalian Biology 87:71–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2017.06.002.
  • Fong, G. A., N. Viña Dávila, and G. M. López-Iborra. 2015. “Amphibian Hotspots and Conservation Priorities in Eastern Cuba Identified by Species Distribution Modeling.” Biotropica 47 (1): 119–127. https://doi.org/10.1111/bt12186.
  • Gaston, K. J., and R. A. Fuller. 2009. “The Sizes of Species’ Geographic Ranges.” Journal of Applied Ecology 46 (1): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01596.x.
  • Guisan, A., and N. E. Zimmermann. 2000. “Predictive Habitat Distribution Models in Ecology.” Ecological Modelling 135 (2–3): 147–186.
  • Hijmans, R. J. 2016. “Raster: Geographic Data Analysis and Modeling.” R Package Version 2.5–8. Accessed January 5, 2021. https://rdrr.io/cran/raster/.
  • Hijmans, R. J., S. Phillips, J. Leathwick, and J. Elith 2011. “Dismo: Species Distribution Modeling.” R Package Version 1.1–4. Accessed January 5, 2021. https://rdrr.io/cran/dismo.
  • Houlahan, J. E., C. S. Findlay, B. R. Schmidt, A. H. Meyer, and S. L. Kuzmin. 2000. “Quantitative Evidence for Global Amphibian Population Declines.” Nature 404:752–755. https://doi.org/10.1038/35008052.
  • Isaac, N. J. B., S. T. Turvey, B. Collen, C. Waterman, and J. E. M. Baillie. 2007. “Mammals on the EDGE: Conservation Priorities Based on Threat and Phylogeny.” PLoS ONE 2 (3): e296. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000296.
  • Joppa, L., and A. Pfaff. 2010. “Reassessing the Forest Impacts of Protection: The Challenge of Nonrandom Location and a Corrective Method.” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1185 (1): 135–149. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05162.x.
  • Khosravi, R., H. R. Pourghasemi, R. Adavoudi, L. Julaie, and H. Y. Wan. 2022. “A Spatially Explicit Analytical Framework to Assess Wildfire Risks on Brown Bear Habitat and Corridors in Conservation Areas.” Fire Ecology 18 (1): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-021-00125-0.
  • Kidov, A. A. 2016. “Analysis of Distribution of the Hyrcanian Frog, Rana pseudodalmatinain Azerbaijan, Byull.” Tambov University Ser. Estestv. Tekhn. Nauki 21 (5): 1770–1774.
  • Kidov, A. A., M. Kseniya, and S. N. Litvinchuk. 2020. “Distribution and Conservation Status of the Eichwald’s Toad, Bufo Eichwaldi in Azerbaijan.” Russian Journal of Herpetology 27 (1): 11–18.
  • Kolahi, M., T. Sakai, K. Moriya, and M. F. Makhdoum. 2012. “Challenges to the Future Development of Iran’s Protected Areas System.” Environmental Management 50 (4): 750–765. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9895-5.
  • Laffan, S. W., and M. D. Crisp. 2003. “Assessing Endemism at Multiple Spatial Scales, with an Example from the Australian Vascular Flora.” Journal of Biogeography 30 (40): 511–520. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2003.00875.x.
  • Litvinchuk, S. N., G. O. Mazepa, H. G. Kami, and M. Auer. 2012. “Taxonomic Status and Distribution of Common Toads in Iran.” Herpetological Journal 22 (4): 271–274.
  • Lovett, J. C., and D. G. Ockwell. 2010. A Handbook of Environmental Management. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
  • Luo, Z. H., S. C. Wei, W. Zhang, M. Zhao, and H. Wu. 2015. “Amphibian Biodiversity Congruence and Conservation Priorities in China: Integrating Species Richness, Endemism, and Threat Patterns.” Biological Conservation 191:650–658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.08.028.
  • Madjnoonian, H. 2014. “Protected Areas: Criteria and Guideline for Selection.” In Conservation and Management of Protected Areas. Vol. 1. Tehran, Iran: Nashr-Day Publications. (In Persian).
  • Mittermeier, R. A., P. R. Gil, M. Hoffman, J. Pilgrim, T. Brooks, C.G. Mittermeier, J. Lamoreux, and G. A. Da Fonseca. 2005. Hotspots Revisited Earth’s Biologically Richest and Most Endangered Terrestrial Ecoregions. Conservation International. Mexico City: The University of Chicago Press.
  • Mohammadi, A., K. Kamali, M. Nazarizadeh, S. Khaki, J. Imani Harsini, and M. Kaboli. 2018. “Conservation Prioritization of Iranian Amphibians.” Journal of Animal Environment 9 (4): 131–136.
  • Muscarella, R., P. J. Galante, M. Soley-Guardia, R. A. Boria, J. M. Kass, M. Uriarte, and R. P. Anderson. 2014. “ENMeval: An R Package for Conducting Spatially Independent Evaluations and Estimating Optimal Model Complexity for MAXENT Ecological Niche Models.” Methods in Ecology and Evolution 5 (11): 1198–1205. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12261.
  • Muths, E., and B. R. Hossack. 2022. “The Role of Monitoring and Research in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem in Framing Our Understanding of the Effects of Disease on Amphibians.” Ecological Indicators 136 (5): 108577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108577.
  • Myers, N., R. A. Mittermeier, C. G. Mittermeier, G. A .B. da Fonseca, and J. Kent. 2000. “Biodiversity Hotspots for Conservation Priorities.” Nature 403:853–858. https://doi.org/10.1038/35002501.
  • Naimi, B., N. A. Hamm, T. A. Groen, A. K. Skidmore, and A. G. Toxopeus 2014. “Where is Positionaluncertainty a Problem for Species Distribution Modelling?” Ecography 37 (2): 191–203. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2013.00205.x.
  • Najibzadeh, M., A. Gharzi, N. Rastegar-Pouyani, E. Rastegar-Pouyani, and A. Pesarakloo. 2017. “Habitatsuitability and Patterns of Sex-Biased Migration of the Iranian long-Legged Wood Frog, Rana Pseudodalmatina (Anura:Ranidae).” Biologia 72 (6): 686–693. https://doi.org/10.1515/biolog-2017-0074.
  • Noori, S., O. Hawlitschek, J. Oldeland, H. Rajaei, M. Husemann, and M. Simões. 2021. “Biodiversity Modelling Reveals a Significant Gap between Diversity Hotspots and Protected Areas for Iranian Reptiles.” Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 59 (7): 1642–1655. https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12528.
  • Noroozi, J., and C. Korner 2018. “A Bioclimatic Characterization of High Elevation Habitats in the Alborz Mountains of Iran.” Alpine Botany 128 (1): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00035-018-0202-9.
  • Noroozi, J., A. Naqinezhad, A. Talebi, M. Doostmohammadi, C. Plutzar, S.B. Rumpf, Z. Asgarpour, and G. M. Schneeweiss. 2019. “Hotspots of Vascular Plant Endemism in a Global Biodiversity Hotspot in Southwest Asia Suffer from Significant Conservation Gaps.” Biological Conservation 315 (237): 299–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2019.07.005.
  • Orme, C. D. L., R. G. Davies, M. Burgess, F. Eigenbrod, N. Pickup, V. A. Olson, A. J. Webster, et al. 2005. “Global Hotspots of Species Richness are Not Congruent with Endemism or Threat”. Nature 436 (7053): 1016–1019. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03850.
  • Pascual, L. L., M. Luigi, F. Alessandra, B. Emilio, and B. Luigi. 2011. “Hotspots of Species Richness, Threat and Endemism for Terrestrial Vertebrates in SW Europe.” Acta Oecologica 37 (5): 399–412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2011.05.004.
  • Phillips, S. J., R. P. Anderson, and R. E. Schapire. 2006. “Maximum Entropymodeling of Species Geographic Distributions.” Ecological Modelling 190 (3–4): 231–259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.03.026.
  • Pimm, S. L., C. N. Jenkins, R. Abell, T. M. Brooks, J.L. Gittleman, L. N. Joppa, P. H. Raven, C. M. Roberts, J. O. Sexton, et al. 2014. “The Biodiversity of Species and Their Rates of Extinction, Distribution, and Protection.” Science 344 (6187): 1246752. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1246752.
  • Redding, D. W., and A. Ø. Mooers. 2006. “Incorporating Evolutionary Measures into Conservation Prioritization.” Conservation Biology 20 (6): 1670–1678. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00555.x.
  • Rodrigues, A. S., H. R. Akcakaya, S. J. Andelman, M. I. Bakarr, L. Boitani, T. M. Brooks, J. S. Chanson, et al. 2004. “Global Gap Analysis: Priority Regions for Expanding the Global Protected Area Network”. Bioscience 54 (12): 1092–1100. https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054 [1092:GGAPRF]2.0.CO;2.
  • Scott, J. M., F. W. Davis, B. Csuti, R. Noss, B. Butterfield, C. Groves, H. Anderson, et al. 1993. “Gap Analysis: A Geographic Approach to Protection of Biological Diversity.” Wildlife Monographs 123:1–41.
  • Shams-Esfandabad, B., and M. Kaboli. 2019. “Improving Biodiversity Conservation with Expansion of Protected Area Network in Iran, Systematic Conservation Planning Applying Zonation Algorithm.” Journal of Natural Environment (Iranian Journal of Natural Resources) 73 (1): 63–76.
  • Sharifi, M., P. Karami, V. Akmali, M. Afroosheh, and S. Vaissi. 2017. “Modeling Geographic Distribution for the Endangered Yellow Spotted Mountain Newt, Neurergus Microspilotus (Amphibia: Salamandridae) in Iran and Iraq.” Herpetological Conservation and Biology 12 (2): 488–497.
  • Shwartz, A., Z. G. Davies, N. A. Macgregor, H. Q. P. Crick, D. Clarke, F. Eigenbrod, C. Gonner, et al. 2017. “Scaling up from Protected Areas in England: The Value of Establishing Large Conservation Areas.” Biological Conservation 212:279–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.06.016.
  • Stuart, S. N., J. S. Chanson, N. A. Cox, B. E. Young, A. S. Rodrigues, D. L. Fischman, and R. W. Waller 2004. “Status and Trends of Amphibian Declines and Extinctions Worldwide.” Science 306: 1783–1786.
  • Tondranzangene, M., S. Fakheranesfahani, S. Pourmanafi, and J. Sen. 2017. “Assessment of the Desirability of Habitat and Conservation Status of a Species Severely Threatened with Extinction Lorestan Newt (Neurergus kaiseri) in Lorestan and Khuzestan Provinces.” Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology 5 (17): 11–24.
  • Vaissi, S., and M. Sharifi. 2019. “Integrating multi-Criteria Decision Analysis with a GIS-Based Siting Procedure to Select a Protected Area for the Kaiser’s Mountain Newt, Neurergus kaiseri (Caudata: Salamandridae).” Global Ecology and Conservation 20 (4): e00738. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00738.
  • Vaissi, S., H. Farasat, A. Mortezazadeh, and M. Sharifi. 2019. “Incorporatng Habitat Suitability and Demographic Data for Developing a Reintroducton Plan for the Critcally Endangered Yellow Spoted Mountain Newt, Neurergus Derjugini.” Herpetological Journal 29 (4): 282–294. https://doi.org/10.33256/hj29.4.282294.
  • Visconti, P., S. H. M. Butchart, T. M. Brooks, P.F. Langhammer, D. Marnewick, S. Vergara, A. Yanosky, and J. E Watson. 2019. “Protected Area Targets Post-2020”. Science 364 (6437): 239–241. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav6886.
  • Woodroffe, R., and J. R. Ginsberg. 1998. “Edge Effects and the Extinction of Populations inside Protected Areas.” Science 280 (5372): 2126–2128. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.280.5372.2126.
  • Xu, H., J. Wu, Y. Liu, H. Ding, M. Zhang, Yi Wu, Q. Xi, and L. Wang. 2008. “Biodiversity Congruence and Conservation Strategies: A National Test.” BioScience 58 (7): 632–639. https://doi.org/10.1641/B580710.
  • Yousefi-Siahkalroodi, S., H. Saeedi, F. Behfar, R. Fallahi, and M. Izadian. 2013. “Atlas of Amphibians of Iran.” Department of Environment of Iran (In Persian).
  • Yusefi, G. H., K. Faizolahi, J. Darvish, K. Safi, and J. C. Brito. 2019. “The Species Diversity, Distribution, and Conservation Status of the Terrestrial Mammals of Iran.” Journal of Mammalogy 100 (1): 55–71. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyz002.
  • Zachos, F., and J. C. Habel. 2011. “Biodiversity Hotspots: Distribution and Protection of Conservation Priority Areas.” Springer the Quarterly Review of Biology 88 (1): 40–41.
  • Zohary, M. 1973. Geobotanical Foundations of the Middle East. Amsterdam: Gustav Fischer Verlag Press.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.