Intermedia Attribute Agenda-Setting Among Hong Kong, U.S. and Mainland Chinese Media: The Case of Hong Kong Anti-Extradition Bill Protests

References

• Atwater, T., Fico, F., & Pizante, G. (1987). Reporting on the state legislature: A case study of inter-media agenda-setting. Newspaper Research Journal, 8(2), 53–61. https://doi.org/10.1177/073953298700800206
   Google Scholar
• Bowman, N., Lewis, R., & Tamborini, R. (2014). The morality of May 2, 2011: A content analysis of U.S. headlines regarding the death of Osama bin Laden. Mass Communication and Society, 17(5), 639–664. https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2013.822518
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breed, W. (1955). Newspaper ‘opinion leaders’ and processes of standardization. The Journalism Quarterly, 32(3), 277–284. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769905503200302
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brüggemann, M., & Königslöw, K. K. V. (2013). Explaining cosmopolitan coverage. European Journal of Communication, 28(4), 361–378. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323113484607
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan, M. (2020). Partisan selective exposure and the perceived effectiveness of contentious political actions in Hong Kong. Asian Journal of Communication, 30(3–4), 279–296. https://doi.org/10.1080/01292986.2020.1781219
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang, T. K., Lau, T., & Hao, X. (2000). From the United States with news and more: International flow, television coverage and the world system. International Communication Gazette, 62(6), 505–522. https://doi.org/10.1177/0016549200062006004
   Google Scholar
• Chang, T. K., & Lin, F. (2014). From propaganda to public diplomacy: Assessing China’s international practice and its image, 1950–2009. Public Relations Review, 40(3), 450–458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2014.04.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan, J. M., & Lee, C. C. (1984). The journalistic paradigm on civil protests: A case study of Hong Kong. In A. Arno & W. Dissanayake (Eds.), The news media in national and international conflict (pp. 183–202). Westview Press.
   Google Scholar
• Chan, J. M., & Lee, F. L. (2011). The primacy of local interests and press freedom in Hong Kong: A survey study of professional journalists. Journalism, 12(1), 89–105. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884910385189
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan, M., & Lee, F. L. (2014). Selective exposure and agenda setting: Exploring the impact of partisan media exposure on agenda diversity and political participation. Asian Journal of Communication, 24(4), 301–314. https://doi.org/10.1080/01292986.2014.903424
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan, J. M., Lee, F. L., & So, C. Y. (2012). Journalists in Hong Kong: A decade after the transfer of sovereignty. In D. H. Weaver & L. Willnat (Eds.), The global journalist in the 21st century (pp. 22–35). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Cheung, S. (2012). Hong Kong: Geopolitics and intellectual practice. Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, 13(3), 326–344. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2012.689687
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chomsky, N. (1989). Necessary illusions: Thought control in democratic societies. South End Press.
   Google Scholar
• Chyi, H. I., & Lee, A. M. (2018). Commercialization of technology news: Quantity and quality dimensions. Journalism Practice, 12(5), 585–604. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2017.1333447
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clausen, L. (2009). International news flow. In S. Allan (Ed.), The Routledge companion to news and journalism (pp. 171–180). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• CNN. (n.d.). Hong Kong protests: A political crisis with no obvious endgame. https://edition.cnn.com/specials/asia/hong-kong-protests-intl-hnk
   Google Scholar
• Cottle, S., & Matthews, J. (2013). U.S. TV news and communicative architecture: Between manufacturing consent and mediating democracy. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 57(4), 562–578. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2013.845831
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cui, D., & Wu, F. (2017). Inter-media agenda setting in global news production: Examining agenda attributes in newspaper coverage of the MH370 incident in the U.S., China, and Hong Kong. Asian Journal of Communication, 27(6), 582–600. https://doi.org/10.1080/01292986.2017.1305426
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denham, B. (2014). Intermedia attribute agenda-setting in the New York Times: The case of animal abuse in U.S. horse racing. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 91(1), 17–37. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699013514415
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denham, B. (2019). Coverage of the Russian doping scandal in the New York Times: Intramedia and intermedia attribute agenda-setting effects. Communication & Sport, 7(3), 337–360. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167479518765188
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du, Y. R. (2012). Intermedia agenda-setting in the age of globalization: A multinational agenda-setting test. Global Media and Communication, 9(1), 19–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/1742766512463038
   Google Scholar
• George, C. (2016). Soft power: Looking beyond American hegemony. Media Asia, 43(2), 76–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/01296612.2016.1222477
   Google Scholar
• Ghanem, S. (1997). Filling in the tapestry: The second level of agenda-setting. In M. McCombs, D. L. Shaw, & D. Weaver (Eds.), Communication and democracy: Exploring the intellectual frontiers in agenda-setting theory (pp. 3–14). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Golan, G. (2006). Inter-media agenda-setting and global news coverage: Assessing the influence of the New York Times on three network television evening news programs. Journalism Studies, 7(2), 323–333. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616700500533643
   Google Scholar
• Guo, Z. (2015). Advancing a typology of media content: Analysis of a literary journalism story. Journal of Mass Communication and Journalism, 5(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7912.1000237
   Google Scholar
• Guo, L. (2019). Media agenda diversity and intermedia agenda setting in a controlled media environment: A computational analysis of China’s online news. Journalism Studies, 20(16), 2460–2477. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2019.1601029
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo, L., & Vargo, C. (2017). Global intermedia agenda-setting: A big data analysis of international news flow. The Journal of Communication, 67(4), 499–520. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12311
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo, L., & Vargo, C. (2020). Predictors of international news flow: Exploring a networked global media system. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 64(3), 418–437. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2020.1796391
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hallin, D. C., & Mancini, P. (2004). Comparing media systems: Three models of media and politics. Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Harder, R., Sevenans, J., & Van Aelst, P. (2017). Intermedia agenda-setting in the social media age: How traditional players dominate the news agenda in election times. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 22(3), 275–293. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161217704969
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong Kong Government. (2020, June 30). HKSAR Government strongly objects to misleading remarks on Hong Kong National Security Law upon anniversary of the law. https://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/202106/30/P2021063000771.htm
   Google Scholar
• Kennedy, J. (2009). Maintaining popular support for the Chinese Communist Party: The influence of education and the state-controlled media. Political studies, 57(3), 517–536. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.2008.00740.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, K., & Barnett, G. (1996). The determinants of international news flow: A network analysis. Communication Research, 23(3), 323–352. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365096023003004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, Y., Gonzenbach, W., & Vargo, C. (2016). First and second levels of intermedia agenda-setting: Political advertising, newspapers, and Twitter during the 2012 US presidential election. International Journal of Communication, 10, 4550–4569.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kursinskis, J. A. (2018). How news media influences readers’ attitudes toward the United States: A case study of Global Times and People’s Daily reporting [ Master’s thesis]. Ohio State University. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu153210474686963
   Google Scholar
• Kwong, Y. H. (2015). The dynamics of mainstream and internet alternative media in Hong Kong: A case study of the Umbrella Movement+. International Journal of China Studies, 6(3), 273–295.
   Google Scholar
• Li, M. (2018). Intermedia attribute agenda-setting in the context of issue-focused media events: Caitlyn Jenner and transgender reporting. Journalism Practice, 12(1), 56–75. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2016.1273078
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim, J. (2011). Intermedia agenda-setting and news discourse: A strategic responses model for a competitor’s breaking stories. Journalism Practice, 5(2), 227–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2010.509184
   Google Scholar
• Lopez-Escobar, E., Llamas, J. P., McCombs, M., & Lennon, F. R. (1998). Two levels of agenda setting among advertising and news in the 1995 Spanish elections. Political Communication, 15(2), 225–238. https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609809342367
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, P. (2021). China’s civilian army: The making of wolf warrior diplomacy. Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• McCombs, M. (2005). A look at agenda-setting: Past, present and future. Journalism Studies, 6(4), 543–557. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616700500250438
   Google Scholar
• McCombs, M., & Funk, M. (2011). Shaping the agenda of local daily newspapers: A methodology merging the agenda-setting and community structure perspectives. Mass Communication and Society, 14(6), 905–919. https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2011.615447
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCombs, M., & Shaw, D. L. (1972). The agenda-setting function of mass media. Public Opinion Quarterly, 36(2), 176–187. https://doi.org/10.1086/267990
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCombs, M., Shaw, D. L., & Weaver, D. (Eds.). (1997). Communication and democracy: Exploring the intellectual frontiers in agenda-setting theory. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• McLeod, D. M. (2007). News coverage and social protest: How the media’s protest paradigm exacerbates social conflict. Journal of Dispute Resolution, 2007(1), 185–194.
   Google Scholar
• McLeod, D. M., & Hertog, J. K. (1999). Social control, social change and the mass media’s role in the regulation of protest groups. In D. Demers & K. Viswanath (Eds.), Mass media, social control and social change: A macrosocial perspective (pp. 305–330). Iowa State University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Meraz, S. (2011). Using time series analysis to measure intermedia agenda-setting influence in traditional media and political blog networks. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 88(1), 176–194. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769901108800110
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Messner, M., & Distaso, M. W. (2008). The source cycle: How traditional media and weblogs use each other as sources. Journalism Studies, 9(3), 447–463. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616700801999287
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oksanen, K. (2011). Framing the democracy debate in Hong Kong. Journal of Contemporary China, 20(70), 479–497. https://doi.org/10.1080/10670564.2011.565179
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riffe, D., Lacy, S., & Fico, F. (2014). Analyzing media messages: Using quantitative content analysis in research (3rd ed.). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Segev, E. (2016). International news online: Global views with local perspectives. Peter Lang.
   Google Scholar
• Shahin, S., Zheng, P., Sturm, H., & Fadnis, D. (2016). Protesting the paradigm: A comparative study of news coverage of protests in Brazil, China, and India. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 21(2), 143–164. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161216631114
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shoemaker, P. J. (1984). Media treatment of deviant political groups. The Journalism Quarterly, 61(1), 66–82. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769908406100109
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shoemaker, P. J., Danielian, L. H., & Brendlinger, N. (1991). Deviant acts, risky business and US interests: The newsworthiness of world events. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 68(4), 781–795. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769909106800419
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shoemaker, P. J., & Reese, S. D. (1996). Mediating the message: Theories of influences on mass media content (2nd ed.). Longman.
   Google Scholar
• Sobel, M., Kim, S., & Riffe, D. (2017). The international news hole: Still shrinking and linking? 25 years of New York Times foreign news coverage. International Communication Research Journal, 52(2), 3–28.
   Google Scholar
• Stevenson, R. (1992). Defining international communication as a field. The Journalism Quarterly, 69(3), 543–553. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769909206900302
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thussu, D. K. (2006). Contra-flow in global media: An Asian perspective. Media Asia, 33(3–4), 123–129. https://doi.org/10.1080/01296612.2006.11726823
   Google Scholar
• Thussu, D. K. (2007). Mapping global media flow and contra-flow. In D. K. Thussu (Ed.), Media on the move: Global flow and contra-flow (pp. 11–32). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Valenzuela, S., Puente, S., & Flores, P. (2017). Comparing disaster news on Twitter and television: An intermedia agenda-setting perspective. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 61(4), 615–637. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2017.1344673
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, W., & Guo, L. (2018). Framing genetically modified mosquitoes in the online news and Twitter: Intermedia frame setting in the issue-attention cycle. Public Understanding of Science, 27(8), 937–951. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662518799564
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, H., Lee, F. L., & Wang, B. Y. (2013). Foreign news as a marketable power display: Foreign disaster reporting by the Chinese Local Media. International Journal of Communication, 7, 884–902.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wanta, W., Golan, G., & Lee, C. (2004). Agenda-setting and international news: Media influence on public perceptions of foreign nations. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 81(2), 364–377. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769900408100209
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weaver, D., & Scacco, J. (2013). Revisiting the protest paradigm: The Tea Party as filtered through prime-time cable news. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 18(1), 61–84. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161212462872
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, S. (2020). When new media operates within a state-mediated press system: Assessing new media’s impact on journalism crisis perceptions in Singapore and Hong Kong. Information, Communication & Society, 23(4), 572–587. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2018.1521458
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y., Thorgusen, S., & Fan, X. (2022). News coverage of social protests in global society. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 63(3), 105–127. https://doi.org/10.1177/00207152221085601
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, Y. (2012). Understanding China’s media system in a world historical context. In D. C. Hallin & P. Mancini (Eds.), Comparing media systems beyond the Western world (pp. 143–173). Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar