146
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ARTICLES

Agmatine Levels in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Normal Human Volunteers

, , &
Pages 35-39 | Received 03 Aug 2008, Accepted 19 Nov 2008, Published online: 10 Jul 2009

REFERENCES

  • Abe K, Abe Y, Saito H. Agmatine suppresses nitric oxide production in microglia. Brain Res 2000; 872: 141–148
  • Aricioglu F, Paul I A, Regunathan S. Agmatine reduces only peripheral-related behavioral signs, not the central signs, of morphine withdrawal in nNOS deficient transgenic mice. Neurosci Lett 2004; 354: 153–157
  • Askalany A R, Yamakura T, Petrenko A B, Kohno T, Sakimura K, Baba H. Effect of agmatine on heteromeric N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor channels. Neurosci Res 2005; 52: 387–392
  • Bradley K J, Headley P M. Effect of agmatine on spinal nociceptive reflexes: lack of interaction with alpha2-adrenoceptor or mu-opioid receptor mechanisms. Eur J Pharmacol 1997; 331: 133–138, (1997)
  • Fairbanks C A, Brewer K L, Stone L S, Trempe T M, Ren K, Kehl L J, Dubner R, Yezierski R P, Wilcox G L. The behavioral and neuroprotective effects of agmatine in different models of pain and neuronal injury in rodents. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1998; 24: 1253, (1998)
  • Fairbanks C A, Kaminski N HOKL, Roberts J J, Stone K KF, Ls W G. Pre-reatment with antisera raised against agmatine sensitizes mice to plasticity-meditaed events. Soc Neurosci Abstr 2001; 24: 1253
  • Fairbanks C A, Schreiber K L, Brewer K L, Yu C G, Stone L S, Kitto K F, Nguyen H O, Grocholski B M, Shoeman D W, Kehl L J, Regunathan S., Reis D J, Yezierski R P, Wilcox G L. Agmatine reverses pain induced by inflammation, neuropathy, and spinal cord injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000; 97: 10584–10589, (2000)
  • Feng Y, Halaris A E, Piletz J E. Determination of agmatine in brain and plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography with flourescence detection. J Chromatogr 1997; 691: 277–286, (1997)
  • Feng Y, Leblanc M H, Regunathan S. Agmatine reduces extracellular glutamate during pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in rat brain: a potential mechanism for the anticonvulsive effects. Neurosci Lett 2005; 390: 129–133
  • Gorbatyuk O S, Milner T A, Wang G, Reis D J, Regunathan S. Localization of agmatine in vasopressin and oxytocin neurons of the rat hypothalamic paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei. Exp Neurol 2002; 171: 235–245, (2002)
  • Halaris A, Zhu H, Feng Y, Piletz J E. Plasma agmatine and platelet imidazoline receptors in depression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999; 881: 445–451, (1999)
  • Horvath G, Kekesi G DI, Szikszay M, Klimscha W, Benedek G. Effect of intrathecal agmatine on inflammation-induced thermal hyperalgesia in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 1999; 368: 197–204, (1999)
  • Iyo A H, Zhu M Y, Ordway G A, Regunathan S. Expression of arginine decarboxylase in brain regions and neuronal cells. J Neurochem 2006; 96: 1042–1050, (2006)
  • Karadag H C, Ulugol A, Tamer M, Ipci Y, Dokmeci I. Systemic agmatine attenuates tactile allodynia in two experimental neuropathic pain models in rats. Neurosci Lett 2003; 339: 88–90, (2003)
  • Li G, Regunathan S, Barrow C J, Eshraghi J, Cooper R, Reis D J. Agmatine: an endogenous clonidine-displacing substance in the brain. Science 1994; 263: 966–969, (1994)
  • Loring R H. Agmatine acts as an antagonist of neuronal nicotinic receptors. Br J Pharmacol 1990; 99: 207–211, (1990)
  • Lortie M J, Novotny W F, Peterson O W, Vallon V, Malvey K, Mendonca M, Satriano J, Insel P, Thomson S C, Blantz R C. Agmatine, a bioactive metabolite of arginine. J Clin Invest 1996; 97: 413–420, (1996)
  • Nguyen H O, Goracke-Postle C J, Kaminski L L, Overland A C, Morgan A D, Fairbanks C A. Neuropharmacokinetic and dynamic studies of agmatine (decarboxylated arginine). Ann NY Acad Sci 2003; 1009: 82–105, (2003)
  • Onal A, Delen Y, Ulker S, Soykan N. Agmatine attenuates neuropathic pain in rats: possible mediation of nitric oxide and noradrenergic activity in the brainstem and cerebellum. Life Sci 2004; 73: 413–428, (2004)
  • Otake K, Ruggiero D A, Regunathan S, Wang H, Milner T A, Reis D J. Regional loclalization of agmatine in the rat brain: an immunocytochemical study. Brain Res 1998; 787: 1–14, (1998)
  • Penner S B, Smyth D D. Sodium excretion following central administration of an i1 imidazoline receptor agonist, moxonidine. Br J Pharmacol 1994; 112: 1089–1094, (1994)
  • Piletz J E, Chikkala D N, Ernsberger P. Comparison of the properties of agmatine and endogenous clonidine-displacing substance at imidazoline and alpha-2 adrenergic receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995; 272: 581–587, (1995)
  • Raasch W, Regunathan S, Li G, Reis D J. Agmatine, the bacterial amine, is widely distributed in mammalian tissues. Life Sci 1995; 56: 2319–2330, (1995)
  • Regunathan S, Reis D J. Characterization of arginine decarboxylase in rat brain and liver: Distinction from ornithine decarboxylase. J Neurochem 2000; 74: 2201–2208, (2000)
  • Reis D J, Regunathan S. Is agmatine a novel neurotransmitter in brain?. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2000; 21: 187–193, (2000)
  • Reis D J, Yang X-C, Milner T A. Agmatine containing axon terminals in rat hippocampus form synapses on pyramidal cells. Neurosci Lett 1998; 250: 185–188, (1998)
  • Reis D J, Yang X-C, Milner T A. Agmatine containing axon terminals in rat hippocampus form synapses on pyramidal cells. Neurosci Lett 1998; 250: 185–188, (1998)
  • Roberts J C, Grocholski B M, Kitto K F, Fairbanks C A. Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies of agmatine after spinal administration in the mouse. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2005; 314: 1226–1233
  • Santos A R, Gadotti V M, Oliveira G L, Tibola D, Paszcuk A F, Neto A, Spindola H M, Souza M M, Rodrigues A L, Calixto J B. Mechanisms involved in the antinociception caused by agmatine in mice. Neuropharmacology 2005; 48: 1021–1034, (2005)
  • Satriano J, Schwartz Ishizuka S, Lortie M, Thomson S C, Gabbai F B, Kelly C J, Blantz R C. Suppression of inducible nitric oxide generation by agmatine aldehyde: beneficial effects in sepsis. J Cell Physiol 2001; 188: 313–320
  • Yang X-C, Reis D J. Agmatine selectively blocks the NMDA subclass of glutamate receptor channels in cultured mouse hippocampal neurons. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999; 288: 544–549, (1999)
  • Yu C G, Fairbanks C A, Wilcox G L, Yezierski R P. Effects of agmatine, interleukin-10, and cyclosporin on spontaneous pain behavior after excitotoxic spinal cord injury in rats. J Pain 2003; 4: 129–140, (2003)
  • Yu C G, Marcillo A E, Fairbanks C A, Wilcox G L, Yezierski R P. Agmatine improves locomotor function and reduces tissue damage following spinal cord injury. Neuroreport 2000; 11: 3203–3207, (2000)
  • Zhu M Y, Iyo A, Piletz J E, Regunathan S. Expression of human arginine decarboxylase, the biosynthetic enzyme for agmatine. Biochem Biophys Acta 2004; 1670: 156–164, (2004)

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.