418
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Measurement and mapping of the GSM-based electromagnetic pollution in the Black Sea region of Turkey

&
Pages 132-140 | Received 04 Apr 2016, Accepted 03 Jun 2016, Published online: 27 Jul 2016

References

  • Alkan, M. (2008). Telekomünikasyon Kurumu, Ulusal Etkinlikler.
  • Balmori, A. (2005). Possible effects of electromagnetic fields from phone masts on a population of white stork (Ciconia ciconia). Telecom Regulatory Authority of India.
  • Balmori, A., Hallberg, O. (2007). The urban decline of the house sparrow (Passer domesticus): A possible link with electromagnetic radiation. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 26:141–151.
  • Bhawan, M. D., Marg, J. L. N. (2014). Effects of Electromagnetic Field Radiation from Mobile Towers and Handsets. New Delhi, India: Telecom Regulatory Authority of India.
  • Commscope Inc. (2015). Cell-Max™ Directional High Capacity Venue MIMO Antenna, CMAX-DM60-CPUSEi datasheet, Available from: http://www.commscope.com/catalog/brand_wi_cellmax/pdf/download/CMAX-DM60-CPUSEi.aspx?id=28&PrintProductBrief=True&ShowPatterns=False (accessed on March 2016)
  • Dhami, A. K. (2012), Study of electromagnetic radiation pollution in an Indian city. Environ. Monit. Assess. 184:6507–6512.
  • Everaert, J., Bauwens, D. (2009). A possible effect of electromagnetic radiation from mobile phone base stations on the number of breeding house sparrows (Passer domesticus). Electromagn. Biol. Med. 26:63–72.
  • García-Díaz, P., Salcedo-Sanz, S., Portilla-Figueras, et al. (2013). Mobile network deployment under electromagnetic pollution control criterion: An evolutionary algorithm approach. Expert Syst. Appl. 40:365–376.
  • Haklay, M., Weber, P. (2008). OpenStreetMap: User-generated street maps. Pervasive Comput. 7:12–18.
  • Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. (2013). EasyRET Tri-Band Antenna with 3 Integrated RCUs-1.4m, ATR4517R1 datasheet, Available from: http://www.huawei.com/ucmf/groups/cxo/documents/attachments/atr4517r1-pdf.pdf (accessed on March 2016)
  • Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. (2013). EasyRET Tri-Band Antenna with 3 Integrated RCUs-2.0m, ATR4518R4 datasheet, Available from: http://www.huawei.com/ucmf/groups/public/documents/attachments/hw_316949.pdf (accessed on March 2016)
  • Hutter, H. P., Moshammer, H., Wallner, P (2006). Subjective symptoms, sleeping problems, and cognitive performance in subjects living near mobile phone base stations. Occup. Environ. Med. 63:307–313.
  • Ibrani, M., Ahma, L., Hamiti, E. (2014). Assessment of the exposure of children to electromagnetic fields from wireless communication devices in home environments. IET Commun. 8:2222–2228.
  • ICNIRP (1998). Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz). Health Phys. 74:494–522.
  • IEEE (1991). Standards Coordinating Committee 28 on Non-Ionizing Radiation Hazards, IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields. 3 kHz to 300 GHz, IEEE Standard C95.1, New York, USA.
  • IEEE (2005). International Committee on Electromagnetic Safety, IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields. 3 kHz to 300 GHz, New York, USA.
  • Information Technologies and Communications Authority’ (2001). Regulation on determination, measurement methods and supervision of the limit values of the electromagnetic field force from the fixed telecommunication devices operating within the frequency range of 10 kHz-60 GHz, No. 24460. Turkey’s Official Gazette Dec. 7.
  • Kathrein Scala Division (2013). 65° Dual Band Panel Antenna, 742 264V02 datasheet, Available from: http://www.kathrein-scala.com/catalog/742264V02.pdf (accessed on March 2016)
  • Kathrein Scala Division (2013). “65° Panel Antenna,” 730 376 datasheet, http://www.antennasystems.com/Merchant2/pdf/730_376.pdf (accessed on March 2016)
  • Kathrein Scala Division (2013). “Professional Antennas and Filters For Mobile Communication 700-3800 MHz,” 700-3800 C35 catalog. Available from: http://www.kathrein-scala.com/catalog/700-3800_C35.pdf (accessed on March 2016)
  • Kheifets, L., Repacholi, M., Saunders, R., et al. (2005). The sensitivity of children to electromagnetic fields. Pediatrics 116:303–313.
  • Kheifets L., Hester G., Banerjee G. (2001). The precautionary principle and EMF: implementation and evaluation. J. Risk Res. 4:113–125.
  • Khurana, V. G., Teo, C., Kundi, M. (2009). Cell phones and brain tumors: A review including the long-term epidemiologic data. Surg. Neurol. 72:205–214.
  • Liu, C., Li, C. (2000). Electromagnetic Pollution and Its Control. Second International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology Proceedings. Beijing, 461–464.
  • Magras, I. N., Xenos, T. D. (1997). Radiation-induced changes in the prenatal development of mice. Bioelectromagnetics 18:455–461.
  • Mao, C. K., Tsai, H. C., Chen, C. M. (2008). FMS patterns: Penetration vs. traffic substitution in different groups of countries. Technol. Forecasting Social Change 75:356–384.
  • Pak, N. K. (2001), Electromagnetic waves and human health, frequently asked questions and answers. The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, Bulletin, 1–22.
  • Republic of Turkey-Ministry of Economy (2014). Black Tea, Food and Agriculture. Available from: http://www.tcp.gov.tr/english/sectors/sectoringpdf/agric/tea.pdf (accessed on March 2016)
  • Sorgucu, U., Develi, I. (2012), Measurement and analysis of electromagnetic pollution generated by GSM-900 mobile phone networks in Erciyes University, Turkey. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 31:404–415.
  • Tongyu Communication Inc. (2014). Base Station Antenna, Product Catalog, Available from: http://cn.tycc.cn/spec/index.php?LNG=0 (accessed on March 2016)
  • Treaty of Maastricht (1992) International Legal Materials 31.
  • Ungureanu, L., Baritz, M., Cristea, L., et al. (2013). The heating level analysis of facial tissue during the exposure of electromagnetic radiations provided from a mobile phone. E-Health and Bioengineering Conference (EHB), Lasi, 1–4.
  • United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR), Sources, effects and risks of ionizing radiation. Available from: http://www.who.int/ceh/capacity/radiation.pdf (accessed on March 2016)
  • Verschaeve, L. (2009). Genetic damage in subjects exposed to radiofrequency radiation. Mutat. Res. 681:259–270.
  • Verschaeve, L., Maes, A. (1998). Genetic, carcinogenic and teratogenic effects of radiofrequency fields. Mutat. Res. 410:141–165.
  • Xiao, N. (2015). GIS Algorithms. London: SAGE Publishing.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.