Area-level socioeconomic status in relation to outcomes in γ-hydroxybutyrate intoxication

References

• PD Blanc, IH Yen, H Chen, PP Katz, G Earnest, JR Balwes, L Trupin, N Friedling, EH Yelin, and MD Eisner. (2006). Area-level socio-economic status and health status among adults with asthma and rhinitis. Eur Respir J 27 (1):85–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NIDA INFO FACTS, Club Drugs: National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health – U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 2006. http://www.nida.nih.gov/infofacts/clubdrugs.html. accessed 25 January 2008.
   Google Scholar
• JC Barker, SL Harris, and JE Dyer. (2007). Experiences of gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB) ingestion: a focus group study. J Psychoactive Drugs 39 (2):115–129.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IB Anderson, SY Kim, JE Dyer, CB Burkhardt, JC Iknoian, MJ Walsh, and PD Blanc. (2006). Trends in gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and related drug intoxication: 1999 to 2003. Ann Emerg Med 47 (2):177–183.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S Mazarr-Proo, and S Kerrigan. (2005). Distribution of GHB in tissues and fluids following a fatal overdose. J Anal Toxicol 29 (5):398–400.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DL Zvosec, SW Smith, JR McCutcheon, J Spillane, BJ Hall, and EA Peacock. (2001). Adverse events, including death, associated with the use of 1,4-butanediol. N Engl J Med 344 (2):87–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JE Dyer, and CA Haller. (2001). GHB related fatalities. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 39 (5):518.
   Google Scholar
• LD Johnston, PM O'Malley, JG Bachman, and JE Schulenberg. Monitoring the Future National Results on Adolescent Drug Use: Overview of Key Findings, (2005). Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health – U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2006. NIH Publication No. 06–5882.
   Google Scholar
• K Knudsen, J Greter, M Verdicchio, and T Cederquist. (2005). [GHB, GBL and butanediol poisonings – a serious problem in Western Sweden]. Lakartidningen 102 (45):3294–3296.3299.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• PN Halkitis, JJ Palamar, and PP Mukherjee. (2007). Poly-club-drug use among gay and bisexual men: a longitudinal analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend 89 (2–3):153–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MD Kipke, G Weiss, M Ramirez, F Dorey, A Ritt-Olson, E Iverson, and W Ford. (2007). Club drug use in los angeles among young men who have sex with men. Subst Use Misuse 42 (11):1723–1743.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AL Girard, and CY Senn. (2008). The role of the new “date rape drugs” in attributions about date rape. J Interpers Violence 23 (1):3–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WR Bennett, LG Wilson, and PP Roy-Byrne. (2007). Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) withdrawal: a case report. J Psychoactive Drugs 39 (3):293–296.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• N Gunja, E Doyle, K Carpenter, OT Chan, S Gilmore, G Broune, and A Graudins. (2008). Gamma-hydroxybutyrate poisoning from toy beads. Med J Aust 188 (1):54–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AA Hughes, GM Bogdan, and RC Dart. (2007). Active surveillance of abused and misused prescription opioids using poison center data: a pilot study and descriptive comparison. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 45 (2):144–151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A Rosenblum, M Parrino, SH Schnoll, C Fong, C Maxwell, CM Cleland, S Magura, and JD Haddox. (2007). Prescription opioid abuse among enrollees into methadone maintenance treatment. Drug Alcohol Depend 90 (1):64–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DL Sudakin, Z Horowitz, and S Giffin. (2002). Regional variation in the incidence of symptomatic pesticide exposures: applications of geographic information systems. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 40 (6):767–773.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• RF Clark, M Phillips, AS Manoguerra, and TC Chan. (2002). Evaluating the utilization of a regional poison center by Latino communities. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 40 (7):855–860.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• E Zaloshnja, T Miller, P Jones, T Litovitz, J Coben, C Steiner, and M Sheppard. (2006). The potential impact of poison control centers on rural hospitalization rates for poisoning. Pediatrics 118 (5):2094–2100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZP Vassilev, S Marcus, T Jennis, B Ruck, R Swenson, and G Rego. (2003). Rapid communication: sociodemographic differences between counties with high and low utilization of a regional poison control center. J Toxicol Environ Health A 66 (20):1905–1908.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MB Forrester. (2005). Association between sociodemographic factors and exposures and utilization of poison centers in Texas, 1998–2002. J Toxicol Environ Health A 68 (10):755–761.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A Drewnowski, CD Rehm, and D Solet. (2007). Disparities in obesity rates: analysis by ZIP code area. Soc Sci Med 65 (12):2458–2463.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C Kim, AV Diez Roux, TP Hofer, BK Nallamothu, SJ Bernstein, and MA Rogers. (2007). Area socioeconomic status and mortality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: the role of hospital volume. Am Heart J 154 (2):385–390.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JM Neuner, X Zhang, R Sparapani, PW Laud, and AB Nattinger. (2007). Racial and socioeconomic disparities in bone density testing before and after hip fracture. J Gen Intern Med 22 (9):1239–1245.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WA Watson, TL Litovitz, GC RodgersJr., W Klein-Schwartz, N Reid, J Youniss, A Flanagan, and KM Wruk. (2005). 2004 Annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med 23 (5):589–666.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melissa DATA.ZIP*Data.2007. http://www.melissadata.com/;http://w2.melissadata.com/zd.html. Accessed 24 September 2007.
   Google Scholar
• SY Kim, IB Anderson, JE Dyer, JC Barker, and PD Blanc. (2007). High-risk behaviors and hospitalizations among gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB) users. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 33 (3):429–438.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A Gonzalez, and DJ Nutt. (2005). Gamma hydroxy butyrate abuse and dependency. J Psychopharmacol 19 (2):195–204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RA Miech, H Chilcoat, and VS Harder. (2005). The increase in the association of education and cocaine use over the 1980s and 1990s: evidence for a “historical period” effect. Drug Alcohol Depend 79 (3):311–320.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CT Williams, and CA Latkin. (2007). Neighborhood socioeconomic status, personal network attributes, and use of heroin and cocaine. Am J Prev Med 32 (suppl 6):S203–S210.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The NSDUH Report: Youth Substance Use and Family Income. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies; (2003).
   Google Scholar
• LT Wu, WE Schlenger, and DM Galvin. (2006). Concurrent use of methamphetamine, MDMA, LSD, ketamine, GHB, and flunitrazepam among American youths. Drug Alcohol Depend 84 (1):102–113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Special Topic: “Ecstasy” and Other Club Drugs in Pulse Check Trends in Drug Abuse Mid-Year 2000. ONDCP. 2001. http://www.whitehouse drugpolicy.gov/publications/drugfact/pulsecrk/midyear2000/index.html. Accessed 7 December 2007.
   Google Scholar
• DC Ompad, S Galea, CM Fuller, D Phelan, and D Vlahov. (2004). Club drug use among minority substance users in New York City. J Psychoactive Drugs 36 (3):397–399.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U.S. Census Bureau: State and County QuickFacts. In: Census 2000; 2000. http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/06000.html. Accessed 7 December 2007.
   Google Scholar
• M Younus, E Hartwick, AA Siddiqi, M Wilkins, HD Davies, M Rahbar, J Funk, and M Saeed. (2007). The role of neighborhood level socioeconomic characteristics in Salmonella infections in Michigan (1997–2007): assessment using geographic information system. Int J Health Geogr 6 (1):56.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• N Krieger, P Waterman, JT Chen, MJ Soobader, SV Subramanian, and R Carson. (2002). Zip code caveat: bias due to spatiotemporal mismatches between zip codes and US census-defined geographic areas – the Public Health Disparities Geocoding Project. Am J Public Health 92 (7):1100–1102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TH Grubesic, and TC Matisziw. (2006). On the use of ZIP codes and ZIP code tabulation areas (ZCTAs) for the spatial analysis of epidemiological data. Int J Health Geogr 5:58.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• HJ Carretta, and SS Mick. (2003). Geocoding public health data. Am J Public Health 93 (5):699–700.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar