Determination of toxic element levels (lead and cadmium) in commonly used cosmetic products in Iran

References

• Al-Qutob MA, Alatrash HM, Abol-Ola S. (2013). Determination of different heavy metals concentrations in cosmetics purchased from the Palestinian markets by ICP/MS. Adv Environ Sci 5:287–93
   Google Scholar
• Basketter D, Briatico‐Vangosa G, Kaestner W, et al. (1993). Nickel, cobalt and chromium in consumer products: a role in allergic contact dermatitis? Contact Dermatitis 28:15–25.
   Google Scholar
• Batista ÉF, Dos Santos Augusto A, Pereira-Filho ER. (2016). Chemometric evaluation of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry) and Pb (graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry) concentrations in lipstick samples intended to be used by adults and children. Talanta 150:206–12
   Google Scholar
• Bfr BFR, K. Mittel. (2006). BfR empfiehlt Schwermetallgehalte über Reinheitsanforderungen der Ausgangsstoffe zu regeln, Stellungnahme no. 025/2006. Available at: http://www.bfr.bund.de/cm/343/kosmetische_mittel_bfr_empfiehlt_schwermetallgehalte_ueber.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Brandao J, Okonkwo O, Sehkula M, Raseleka R. (2012). Concentrations of lead in cosmetics commonly used in South Africa. Toxicol Environ Chem 94:70–7
   Google Scholar
• Bress W, Bidanset J. (1991). Percutaneous in vivo and in vitro absorption of lead. Vet Hum Toxicol 33:212–4
   Google Scholar
• Brown VJ. (2013). Metals in lip products: a cause for concern? Environ Health Perspect 121:A196
   Google Scholar
• Cao H, Chen J, Zhang J, et al. (2010). Heavy metals in rice and garden vegetables and their potential health risks to inhabitants in the vicinity of an industrial zone in Jiangsu, China. J Environ Sci 22:1792–9
   Google Scholar
• Castro-González M, Méndez-Armenta M. (2008). Heavy metals: Implications associated to fish consumption. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 26:263–71
   Google Scholar
• Cha NR, Lee JK, Lee YR, et al. (2010). Determination of iron, copper, zinc, lead, nickel and cadmium in cosmetic matrices by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Anal Lett 43:259–68
   Google Scholar
• Chauhan AS, Bhadauria R, Singh AK, et al. (2010). Determination of lead and cadmium in cosmetic products. J Chem Pharm Res 6:92–97
   Google Scholar
• Campaign for Safe Cosmetics. (2009). A report on Heavy metals in face paints. Accessed on May 6, 2012. Available at: http://www.safecosmetics.org
   Google Scholar
• Davies RF, Johnston GA. (2011). New and emerging cosmetic allergens. Clin Dermatol 29:311–5
   Google Scholar
• Deveci S, Deveci E, Deveci S, Deveci E. (2010). Histopathological changes in incisive teeth of the newborn pups of cadmium-applied female rats during pregnancy. Int J Morphol 28:1131–4
   Google Scholar
• Faghihian H, Nourmoradi H, Shokouhi M. (2012). Performance of silica aerogels modified with amino functional groups in PB (II) and CD (II) removal from aqueous solutions. Pol J Chem Technol 14:50–6
   Google Scholar
• Faruruwa M, Bartholomew S. (2014). Study of heavy metal contents in facial cosmetics obtained from open markets and superstores within Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria. Am J Chem Appl 1:27–33
   Google Scholar
• Fasanya-Odewumi C, Latinwo LM, Ikediobi CO, et al. (1998). The genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of dermally-administered cadmium: effects of dermal cadmium administration. Int J Mol Med 1:1001–6
   Google Scholar
• FDA. (2007). Summary of color additives listed for use in the United States in food, drug, cosmetics and medical devices. Color additives approved for use in cosmetics. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/ForIndustry/ColorAdditives/ColorAdditiveInventories/ucm115641.htm
   Google Scholar
• Godt J, Scheidig F, Grosse-Siestrup C, et al. (2006). The toxicity of cadmium and resulting hazards for human health. J Occup Med Toxicol 1:22
   Google Scholar
• Gunduz S, Akman S. (2013). Investigation of lead contents in lipsticks by solid sampling high resolution continuum source electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 65:34–7
   Google Scholar
• Guy R, Hostynek JJ, Hinz RS, Lorence CR. (1999). Metals and the skin: topical effects and systemic absorption. New York: CRC Press, Marcel Dekker
   Google Scholar
• Heath J. (2008). The veil: women writers on its history, lore, and politics: University of California Press
   Google Scholar
• Health Canada, January 2011. Consumer product safety: draft guidance on heavy metal impurities in cosmetics. Available at: http://www.hcsc.gc.ca/cpsspc/legislation/consultation/_cosmt./metalmtaux-consultengphp
   Google Scholar
• Janjua NZ, Delzell E, Larson RR, et al. (2008). Maternal nutritional status during pregnancy and surma use determine cord lead levels in Karachi, Pakistan. Environ Res 108:69–79
   Google Scholar
• Järup L. (2003). Hazards of heavy metal contamination. Br Med Bull 68:167–82
   Google Scholar
• Kumar S, Gupta RN. (2012). Regulation for safety and quality of cosmetics vis-a-vis colourants in India compared with other nations. Der Pharmacia Lettre 4:181–91
   Google Scholar
• Lead WI. (1995). Environmental Health Criteria 165. International Programme on Chemical Safety. Geneva: World Health Organization
   Google Scholar
• Lee H, Yoo YJ, Park MH, et al. (1998). A study on heavy metal concentration of cosmetics on the market. Korean J Prev Med 31:666–79
   Google Scholar
• Lee SM, Jeong HJ, Chang IS. (2007). Simultaneous determination of heavy metals in cosmetic products. J Cosmet Sci 59:441–8
   Google Scholar
• Loretz L, Api A, Babcock L, et al. (2008). Exposure data for cosmetic products: facial cleanser, hair conditioner, and eye shadow. Food Chem Toxicol 46:1516–24
   Google Scholar
• Meyer PA, Brown MJ, Falk H. (2008). Global approach to reducing lead exposure and poisoning. Mutat Res/Rev Mutat Res 659:166–75
   Google Scholar
• Mohammadi M, Bakhtiari AB, Khodabandeh S. (2013). Determination of cadmium and lead concentration in cosmetics (sunscreen, lipstick and hair color). Iranian J Health Environ 6:481–90
   Google Scholar
• Moyer TP, Nixon DN, Ash KO. (1999). Filter paper lead testing. Clin Chem 45:2055–6
   Google Scholar
• Nesterenko PN, Jones P. (1997). Single-column method of chelation ion chromatography for the analysis of trace metals in complex samples. J Chromatogr A 770:129–35
   Google Scholar
• Nnorom I, Igwe J, Oji-Nnorom C. (2005). Trace metal contents of facial (make-up) cosmetics commonly used in Nigeria. Afr J Biotechnol 4:1133–8
   Google Scholar
• Nohynek GJ, Antignac E, Re T, Toutain H. (2010). Safety assessment of personal care products/cosmetics and their ingredients. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 243:239–59
   Google Scholar
• Nourmoradi H, Foroghi M, Farhadkhani M, Dastjerdi MV. (2013). Assessment of lead and cadmium levels in frequently used cosmetic products in Iran. J Environ Public Health 2013:1–5
   Google Scholar
• Ogwuegbu M, Muhanga W. (2005). Investigation of lead concentration in the blood of people in the copper belt province of Zambia. J Environ 1:66–75
   Google Scholar
• Omolaoye J, Uzairu A, Gimba C. (2010). Heavy metal assessment of some eye shadow products imported into Nigeria from China. Arch Appl Sci Res 2:76–84
   Google Scholar
• Organization WH. (2004). Guidelines for drinking-water quality: recommendations: World Health Organization
   Google Scholar
• Oyedeji F, Hassan G, Adeleke B. (2011). Hydroquinone and heavy metals levels in cosmetics marketed in Nigeria. Trends Appl Sci Res 6:622
   Google Scholar
• Papanikolaou NC, Hatzidaki EG, Belivanis S, et al. (2005). Lead toxicity update. A brief review. Med Sci Monit 11:RA329–36
   Google Scholar
• Piccinini P, Piecha M, Torrent SF. (2013). European survey on the content of lead in lip products. J Pharm Biomed Anal 76:225–33
   Google Scholar
• Program NT. (2000). The Ninth Report on Carcinogens, National Toxicology Program, US Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Services, Research Triangle Park, NC
   Google Scholar
• Sainio EL, Jolanki R, Hakala E, Kanerva L. (2000). Metals and arsenic in eye shadows. Contact Derm 42:5–10
   Google Scholar
• Stauber J, Florence T, Gulson B, Dale L. (1994). Percutaneous absorption of inorganic lead compounds. Sci Total Environ 145:55–70
   Google Scholar
• Steenland K, Boffetta P. (2000). Lead and cancer in humans: where are we now?. Am J Ind Med 38:295–9
   Google Scholar
• Tomankova K, Kejlova K, Binder S, et al. (2011). In vitro cytotoxicity and phototoxicity study of cosmetics colorants. Toxicol In Vitro 25:1242–50
   Google Scholar
• Tsankov I, Iordanova I, Lolova D, et al. (1981). Hygienic evaluation of the content of heavy metals (lead and copper) in cosmetic products. Problemi Na Khigienata 7:127–36
   Google Scholar
• Ullah H, Noreen S, Rehman A, et al. (2013). Comparative study of heavy metals content in cosmetic products of different countries marketed in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Arab J Chem 10:10–18
   Google Scholar
• Volpe M, Nazzaro M, Coppola R, et al. (2012). Determination and assessments of selected heavy metals in eye shadow cosmetics from China, Italy, and USA. Microchem J 101:65–9
   Google Scholar
• Waisberg M, Joseph P, Hale B, Beyersmann D. (2003). Molecular and cellular mechanisms of cadmium carcinogenesis. Toxicology 192:95–117
   Google Scholar
• Wang CL, Chuang HY, Ho CK, et al. (2002). Relationship between blood lead concentrations and learning achievement among primary school children in Taiwan. Environ Res 89:12–8
   Google Scholar
• Young R. (2005). Toxicity profiles: toxicity summary for cadmium, risk assessment information system. RAIS, University of Tennessee
   Google Scholar
• Zachariadis G, Sahanidou E. (2009). Multi-element method for determination of trace elements in sunscreens by ICP-AES. J Pharm Biomed Anal 50:342–8
   Google Scholar
• Zhong Z, Li G, Luo J, et al. (2015). Proficiency testing for determination of lead and arsenic in cosmetics: comparison of analytical procedures and evaluation of laboratory performances. Anal Methods 7:3169–77
   Google Scholar