Atrazine neural and reproductive toxicity

References

• Abarikwu, S.O., et al., 2010. Changes in sperm characteristics and induction of oxidative stress in the testis and epididymis of experimental rats by a herbicide, atrazine. Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology, 58 (3), 874–882.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdel Aziz, R.L., et al., 2018. Dose- dependent ameliorative effects of quercetin and l-carnitine against atrazine- induced reproductive toxicity in adult male Albino rats. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie, 102, 855–864.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agdam, H.R., et al., 2017. Co-administration of vitamin E and testosterone attenuates the atrazine-induced toxic effects on sperm quality and testes in rats. Cell journal, 19 (2), 292–305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aitken, R.J., and Roman, S.D., 2008. Antioxidant systems and oxidative stress in the testes. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 1 (1), 15–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aksoy, Y., et al., 2006. Sperm fatty acid composition in subfertile men. Prostaglandins, leukotrienes & essential fatty acids, 75 (2), 75–79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashby, J., et al., 2002. The effects of atrazine on the sexual maturation of female rats. Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology, 35 (3), 468–473.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baradaran, R., Khoshdel-Sarkarizi, H., Kargozar, S., Hami, J., Mohammadipour, A., Sadr-Nabavi, A., Peyvandi Karizbodagh, M., Kheradmand, H., and Haghir, H., 2020. Developmental regulation and lateralisation of the α7 and α4 subunits of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in developing rat hippocampus. International journal of developmental neuroscience, 80 (4), 303–318.
   Google Scholar
• Bardullas, U., Giordano, M., and Rodríguez, V.M., 2011. Chronic atrazine exposure causes disruption of the spontaneous locomotor activity and alters the striatal dopaminergic system of the male Sprague-Dawley rat. Neurotoxicology and teratology, 33 (2), 263–272.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basini, G., et al., 2012. Atrazine disrupts steroidogenesis, VEGF and NO production in swine granulosa cells. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 85, 59–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bautista, F.E.A., et al., 2018. The herbicide atrazine affects sperm quality and the expression of antioxidant and spermatogenesis genes in zebrafish testes. Comparative biochemistry and physiology. toxicology & pharmacology, 206–207, 17–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berto, G., et al., 2007. The Down syndrome critical region protein TTC3 inhibits neuronal differentiation via RhoA and Citron kinase. Journal of cell science, 120 (Pt 11), 1859–1867.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chae, S.W., et al., 2008. Cyclooxygenase-2 is involved in oxidative damage and alpha-synuclein accumulation in dopaminergic cells. Neuroscience letters, 436 (2), 205–209.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chávez-Pichardo, M.E., et al., 2020. Brain alterations in GABA, glutamate and glutamine markers after chronic atrazine exposure in the male albino rat. Archives of toxicology, 94 (9), 3217–3230.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cleary, J.A., et al., 2019. Atrazine induced transgenerational reproductive effects in medaka (Oryzias latipes). Environmental pollution, 251, 639–650.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collado-Torres, L., et al., 2019. Regional Heterogeneity in gene expression, regulation, and coherence in the frontal cortex and hippocampus across development and schizophrenia. Neuron, 103 (2), 203–216.e8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cragin, L.A., et al., 2011. Menstrual cycle characteristics and reproductive hormone levels in women exposed to atrazine in drinking water. Environmental research, 111 (8), 1293–1301.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis, L.K., et al., 2011. The effects of prenatal exposure to atrazine on pubertal and postnatal reproductive indices in the female rat. Reproductive toxicology, 32 (1), 43–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delcorso, M.C., et al., 2020. Effects of sublethal and realistic concentrations of the commercial herbicide atrazine in Pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus): long-term exposure and recovery assays. Veterinary world, 13 (1), 147–159.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demirci, O., et al., 2018. Effects of endosulfan, thiamethoxam, and indoxacarb in combination with atrazine on multi-biomarkers in Gammarus kischineffensis. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 147, 749–758.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Enayah, H.S., Al Atya, A.K., and Maktoof, A.A., 2019. The protective role of N-acetyl cysteine and vitamin C against atrazine-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration in N27 Cells. University of Thi-Qar journal of science, 2 (4), 54–61.
   Google Scholar
• Fakhouri, W.D., Nuñez, J.L., and Trail, F., 2010. Atrazine binds to the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor and affects growth hormone gene expression. Environmental health perspectives, 118 (10), 1400–1405.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan, W., et al., 2007. Atrazine-induced aromatase expression is SF-1 dependent: implications for endocrine disruption in wildlife and reproductive cancers in humans. Environmental health perspectives, 115 (5), 720–727.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fang, Y., et al., 2018. In utero exposure to atrazine disrupts rat fetal testis development. Frontiers in pharmacology, 9, 1391.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fani, M., Mohammadipour, A., and Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan, A., 2018. The effect of crocin on testicular tissue and sperm parameters of mice offspring from mothers exposed to atrazine during pregnancy and lactation periods: an experimental study. International journal of reproductive biomedicine, 16 (8), 519–528.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feyzi-Dehkhargani, S., et al., 2012. Atrazine in sub-acute exposure results in sperm DNA disintegrity and nuclear immaturity in rats. Veterinary research forum, 3 (1), 19–26.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fleming, N.I., et al., 2010. Aromatase is a direct target of FOXL2: C134W in granulosa cell tumors via a single highly conserved binding site in the ovarian specific promoter. PLoS one, 5 (12), e14389.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foradori, C.D., et al., 2009. Effects of atrazine and its withdrawal on gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuroendocrine function in the adult female wistar rat. Biology of reproduction, 81 (6), 1099–1105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frank, R., and Sirons, G.J., 1985. Dissipation of atrazine residues from soils. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology, 34 (4), 541–548.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fujikawa, D.G., 2015. The role of excitotoxic programmed necrosis in acute brain injury. Computational and structural biotechnology journal, 13, 212–231.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gely-Pernot, A., et al., 2017. Embryonic exposure to the widely-used herbicide atrazine disrupts meiosis and normal follicle formation in female mice. Scientific reports, 7 (1), 3526
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Giovannini, M.G., Lana, D., and Pepeu, G., 2015. The integrated role of ACh, ERK and mTOR in the mechanisms of hippocampal inhibitory avoidance memory. Neurobiology of learning and memory, 119, 18–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Govers, L.C., et al., 2020. Atrazine induces penis abnormalities including hypospadias in mice. Journal of developmental origins of health and disease, 11 (3), 246–249.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haeri, P., et al., 2019. Neuroprotective effect of crocin on substantia nigra in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease model of mice. Anatomical science international, 94 (1), 119–127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He, H., et al., 2019. A review on recent treatment technology for herbicide atrazine in contaminated environment. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16 (24), 5129.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heidari, Z., et al., 2019. The effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on mice midbrain substantia nigra. Iranian journal of basic medical sciences, 22 (7), 745–751.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horzmann, K.A., et al., 2018. Embryonic atrazine exposure elicits proteomic, behavioral, and brain abnormalities with developmental time specific gene expression signatures. Journal of proteomics, 186, 71–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hossain, M.M., and Filipov, N.M., 2008. Alteration of dopamine uptake into rat striatal vesicles and synaptosomes caused by an in vitro exposure to atrazine and some of its metabolites. Toxicology, 248 (1), 52–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houjuan, X., et al., 2012. Histopathological changes and antioxidant response in brain and kidney of common carp exposed to atrazine and chlorpyrifos. Chemosphere, 88 (4), 377–383.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houjuan, X., et al., 2015. Effects of atrazine and chlorpyrifos on DNA methylation in the brain and gonad of the common carp. Comparative biochemistry and physiology, toxicology & pharmacology, 168, 11–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Juliani, C.C., et al., 2008. Effects of atrazine on female Wistar rats: morphological alterations in ovarian follicles and immunocytochemical labeling of 90 kDa heat shock protein. Micron, 39 (5), 607–616.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kale, O.E., Oyesola, T.O., and Raji, F.S., 2018. Celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, offers chemoprevention against reproductive and neurobehavioural abnormalities induced by atrazine in male Wistar rats. Environmental toxicology and pharmacology., 58, 84–97.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalla, N.R., et al., 1997. alpha-Glucosidase activity in the rat epididymis under different physiological conditions. International journal of andrology, 20 (2), 92–95.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Karmaus, A.L., and Zacharewski, T.R., 2015. Atrazine-mediated disruption of steroidogenesis in BLTK1 murine leydig cells. Toxicological sciences, 148 (2), 544–554.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khoshdel-Sarkarizi, H., et al., 2019. Developmental regulation and lateralization of GABA receptors in the rat hippocampus. International journal of developmental neuroscience, 76, 86–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kniewald, J., et al., 2000. Disorders of male rat reproductive tract under the influence of atrazine. Journal of applied toxicology, 20 (1), 61–68.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Komsky-Elbaz, A., et al., 2019. Atrazine-induced toxicity in goat spermatozoa is alleviated to some extent by polyphenol-enriched feed. Chemosphere, 236, 124858
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kucka, M., et al., 2012. Atrazine acts as an endocrine disrupter by inhibiting cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase-4. Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 265 (1), 19–26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, B., et al., 2019. Identification of miRNA-7 as a regulator of brain-derived neurotrophic factor/α-synuclein axis in atrazine-induced Parkinson's disease by peripheral blood and brain microRNA profiling. Chemosphere, 233, 542–548.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, J., et al., 2018. Developmental exposure to atrazine impairs spatial memory and downregulates the hippocampal D1 dopamine receptor and cAMP-dependent signaling pathway in rats. International journal of molecular sciences, 19 (8), 2241.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, J., et al., 2019. The MEK/ERK/CREB signaling pathway is involved in atrazine induced hippocampal neurotoxicity in Sprague Dawley rats. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 170, 673–681.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, P., et al., 2020. Soybean isoflavones prevent atrazine-induced neurodegenerative damage by inducing autophagy. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 190, 110065
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Y., et al., 2015. The effect of exposure to atrazine on dopaminergic development in pubertal male SD rats. Birth defects research part B: developmental and reproductive toxicology, 104 (5), 184–189.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lin, J., et al., 2018. Atrazine Triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in quail (Coturnix C. coturnix) cerebrum via activating xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptors and modulating cytochrome P450 systems. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 66 (25), 6402–6413.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, Z., et al., 2019. Changes in atrazine speciation and the degradation pathway in red soil during the vermiremediation process. Journal of hazardous materials, 364, 710–719.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, Z., Dodd, C.A., and Filipov, N.M., 2013. Differentiation state-dependent effects of in vitro exposure to atrazine or its metabolite diaminochlorotriazine in a dopaminergic cell line. Life sciences, 92 (1), 81–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, Z., Dodd, C.A., and Filipov, N.M., 2013. Short-term atrazine exposure causes behavioral deficits and disrupts monoaminergic systems in male C57BL/6 mice. Neurotoxicology and teratology, 39, 26–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, Z., et al., 2016. atrazine and its main metabolites alter the locomotor activity of larval zebrafish (Danio rerio). Chemosphere, 148, 163–170.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lovejoy, P.C., and Fiumera, A.C., 2019. Effects of dual exposure to the herbicides atrazine and paraquat on adult climbing ability and longevity in Drosophila melanogaster. Insects, 10 (11), 398.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Machado, C.S., et al., 2017. Health risks of environmental exposure to metals and herbicides in the Pardo River, Brazil. Environmental science and pollution research international, 24 (25), 20160–20172.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malvandi, A.M., Haddad, F., and Moghimi, A., 2010. Acute restraint stress increases the frequency of vinblastine-induced micronuclei in mouse bone marrow cells. Stress, 13 (3), 276–280.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martins, E.C., et al., 2018. Sorption and desorption of atrazine on soils: the effect of different soil fractions. Geoderma, 322, 131–139.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martins-Santos, E., et al., 2017. Persistent testicular structural and functional alterations after exposure of adult rats to atrazine. Reproductive toxicology, 73, 201–213.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martins-Santos, E., et al., 2018. Atrazine affects the morphophysiology, tissue homeostasis and aromatase expression in the efferent ductules of adult rats with mild alterations in the ventral prostate. Chemosphere, 193, 958–967.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mineur, Y.S., et al., 2013. Cholinergic signaling in the hippocampus regulates social stress resilience and anxiety- and depression-like behavior. Proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the United States of America, 110 (9), 3573–3578.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohammadipour, A., Haghir, H., and Ebrahimzadeh Bideskan, A., 2020. A link between nanoparticles and Parkinson's disease. Which nanoparticles are most harmful? Reviews on environmental health, 35 (4), 545–556.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson, S.B., and Valakh, V., 2015. Excitatory/inhibitory balance and circuit homeostasis in autism spectrum disorders. Neuron, 87 (4), 684–698.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohsako, S., Bunick, D., and Hayashi, Y., 1995. Immunocytochemical observation of the 90 KD heat shock protein (HSP90): high expression in primordial and pre-meiotic germ cells of male and female rat gonads. The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry, 43 (1), 67–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papoulias, D.M., et al., 2014. Atrazine reduces reproduction in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). Aquatic toxicology, 154, 230–239.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peña-Contreras, Z., et al., 2016. Atrazine and mancozeb induce excitotoxicity and cytotoxicity in primary cultures of mouse cerebellar cortex. Toxicological & environmental chemistry, 98 (8), 959–976.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podda, M.V., et al., 1997. Effect of atrazine administration on spontaneous and evoked cerebellar activity in the rat. Pharmacological research, 36 (3), 199–202.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pogrmic-Majkic, K., et al., 2016. Atrazine activates multiple signaling pathways enhancing the rapid hCG-induced androgenesis in rat leydig cells. Toxicology, 368–369, 37–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pogrmic-Majkic, K., et al., 2018. Atrazine suppresses FSH-induced steroidogenesis and LH-dependent expression of ovulatory genes through PDE-cAMP signaling pathway in human cumulus granulosa cells. Molecular and cellular endocrinology, 461, 79–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prahalathan, C., Selvakumar, E., and Varalakshmi, P., 2004. Remedial effect of DL-alpha-lipoic acid against adriamycin induced testicular lipid peroxidation. Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 267 (1–2), 209–214.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qin, L., et al., 2015. Atrazine triggers developmental abnormality of ovary and oviduct in quails (Coturnix Coturnix coturnix) via disruption of hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis. Environmental pollution, 207, 299–307.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rastegar-Moghaddam, S.H., et al., 2019. Maternal exposure to atrazine induces the hippocampal cell apoptosis in mice offspring and impairs their learning and spatial memory. Toxin reviews, 38 (4), 298–306.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rayner, J.L., et al., 2007. Atrazine-induced reproductive tract alterations after transplacental and/or lactational exposure in male Long-Evans rats. Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 218 (3), 238–248.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rayner, J.L., Wood, C., and Fenton, S.E., 2004. Exposure parameters necessary for delayed puberty and mammary gland development in Long-Evans rats exposed in utero to atrazine. Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 195 (1), 23–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rezaie Agdam, H., Razi, M., Amniattalab, A., Malekinejad, H., and Molavi, M., 2017. Co-administration of vitamin E and testosterone attenuates the atrazine-induced toxic effects on sperm quality and testes in rats. Cell journal, 19 (2), 292–305.
   Google Scholar
• Richter, C.A., et al., 2016. Evaluation of potential mechanisms of atrazine-induced reproductive impairment in fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) and Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 35 (9), 2230–2238.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rimayi, C., et al., 2018. Effects of environmentally relevant sub-chronic atrazine concentrations on African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) survival, growth and male gonad development. Aquatic toxicology, 199, 1–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robaire, B., and Hamzeh, M., 2011. Androgen action in the epididymis. Journal of andrology, 32 (6), 592–599.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rodriguez, V.M., et al., 2013. Repeated exposure to the herbicide atrazine alters locomotor activity and the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system of the albino rat. Neurotoxicology, 34, 82–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rossato, J.I., et al., 2009. Dopamine controls persistence of long-term memory storage. Science, 325 (5943), 1017–1020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russart, K.L., and Rhen, T., 2016. Atrazine alters expression of reproductive and stress genes in the developing hypothalamus of the snapping turtle, Chelydra serpentina. Toxicology, 366–367, 1–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saalfeld, G.Q., et al., 2018. Low atrazine dosages reduce sperm quality of Calomys laucha mice. Environmental science and pollution research international, 25 (3), 2924–2931.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samardzija, D., et al., 2016. Atrazine blocks ovulation via suppression of Lhr and Cyp19a1 mRNA and estradiol secretion in immature gonadotropin-treated rats. Reproductive toxicology, 61, 10–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santos, T.G., and Martinez, C.B., 2012. Atrazine promotes biochemical changes and DNA damage in a Neotropical fish species. Chemosphere, 89 (9), 1118–1125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidel, A.J., et al., 2014. Subchronic atrazine exposure changes defensive behaviour profile and disrupts brain acetylcholinesterase activity of zebrafish. Neurotoxicology and teratology, 44, 62–69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shahba, S., Mehrzad, J., and Malvandi, A.M., 2021. Neuroimmune disruptions from naturally occurring levels of mycotoxins. Environmental science and pollution research international, 28, 32156–32176.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silveyra, G.R., et al., 2017. Effects of atrazine on ovarian growth, in the estuarine crab Neohelice granulate. Comparative biochemistry and physiology part C: toxicology & pharmacology, 192, 1–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silveyra, G.R., et al., 2020. Interference of an atrazine commercial formulation with the endocrine control of ovarian growth exerted by the eyestalks. Environmental science and pollution research, 27 (1), 965–973.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song, Y., et al., 2014. Toxic effects of atrazine on reproductive system of male rats. Biomedical and environmental sciences, 27 (4), 281–288.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song, Y., et al., 2017. Effect of atrazine on apoptosis in cultured rat Sertoli cells. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu, 46 (1), 103–108.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Song, X.-Y., et al., 2015. Atrazine causes autophagy- and apoptosis-related neurodegenerative effects in dopaminergic neurons in the rat nigrostriatal dopaminergic system. International journal of molecular sciences, 16 (6), 13490–13506.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sposito, J.C.V., et al., 2018. Emerging contaminants in Brazilian rivers: occurrence and effects on gene expression in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. Chemosphere, 209, 696–704.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoker, T.E., et al., 2000. The effect of atrazine on puberty in male wistar rats: an evaluation in the protocol for the assessment of pubertal development and thyroid function. Toxicological sciences, 58 (1), 50–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoker, T.E., Robinette, C.L., and Cooper, R.L., 1999. Maternal exposure to atrazine during lactation suppresses suckling-induced prolactin release and results in prostatitis in the adult offspring. Toxicological sciences, 52 (1), 68–79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun, Y., et al., 2014. Exposure to atrazine during gestation and lactation periods: toxicity effects on dopaminergic neurons in offspring by downregulation of Nurr1 and VMAT2. International journal of molecular sciences, 15 (2), 2811–2825.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun, Y., et al., 2017. Study of the age-related effects of lactational atrazine exposure. Reproductive toxicology, 69, 230–224.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tao, H.W., Li, Y.T., and Zhang, L.I., 2014. Formation of excitation-inhibition balance: inhibition listens and changes its tune. Trends in neurosciences, 37 (10), 528–530.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tao, Q.H., and Tang, H.X., 2004. Effect of dye compounds on the adsorption of atrazine by natural sediment. Chemosphere, 56 (1), 31–38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tavera-Mendoza, L., et al., 2002. Response of the amphibian tadpole (Xenopus laevis) to atrazine during sexual differentiation of the testis. Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 21 (3), 527–531.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Telfer, E., Gosden, R.G., and Faddy, M.J., 1991. Impact of exogenous progesterone on ovarian follicular dynamics and function in mice. Journal of reproduction and fertility, 93 (2), 263–269.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tillitt, D.E., et al., 2010. Atrazine reduces reproduction in fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Aquatic toxicology, 99 (2), 149–159.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Utsumi, T., et al., 1996. Presence of alternatively spliced transcripts of aromatase gene in human breast cancer. Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 81 (6), 2344–2349.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vahidi-Ferdowsi, P., et al., 2018. Bioluminescence-based detection of astrocytes apoptosis and ATP depletion induced by biologically relevant level aflatoxin B1. World mycotoxin journal, 11 (4), 589–598.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vatanpour, N., et al., 2020. The high levels of heavy metal accumulation in cultivated rice from the Tajan river basin: health and ecological risk assessment. Chemosphere, 245, 125639.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vimal, D., et al., 2018. Mlh1 is required for female fertility in Drosophila melanogaster: an outcome of effects on meiotic crossing over, ovarian follicles and egg activation. European journal of cell biology, 97 (2), 75–89.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vimal, D., et al., 2019. Atrazine or bisphenol A mediated negative modulation of mismatch repair gene, mlh1 leads to defective oogenesis and reduced female fertility in Drosophila melanogaster. Chemosphere, 225, 247–258.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vonberg, D., et al., 2014. 20 Years of long-term atrazine monitoring in a shallow aquifer in western Germany. Water research, 50, 294–306.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, D., et al., 2019. The effects of maternal atrazine exposure and swimming training on spatial learning memory and hippocampal morphology in offspring male rats via PSD95/NR2B signaling pathway. Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 39 (7), 1003–1015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, L., et al., 2013. Effects of atrazine and chlorpyrifos on the production of nitric oxide and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the brain of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 93, 7–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber, G.J., et al., 2013. Transcriptome alterations following developmental atrazine exposure in zebrafish are associated with disruption of neuroendocrine and reproductive system function, cell cycle, and carcinogenesis. Toxicological sciences, 132 (2), 458–466.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitton, P.S., 2007. Inflammation as a causative factor in the aetiology of Parkinson's disease. British journal of pharmacology, 150 (8), 963–976.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wirbisky, S.E., et al., 2015. Developmental origins of neurotransmitter and transcriptome alterations in adult female zebrafish exposed to atrazine during embryogenesis. Toxicology, 333, 156–167.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wirbisky, S.E., et al., 2016a. Embryonic atrazine exposure elicits alterations in genes associated with neuroendocrine function in adult male zebrafish. Toxicological sciences, 153 (1), 149–164.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wirbisky, S.E., et al., 2016b. An embryonic atrazine exposure results in reproductive dysfunction in adult zebrafish and morphological alterations in their offspring. Scientific reports, 6, 21337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wrobel, M.H., and Mlynarczuk, J., 2017. The inhibition of myometrial contractions by chlorinated herbicides (atrazine and linuron), and their disruptive effect on the secretory functions of uterine and ovarian cells in cow, in vitro. Pesticide biochemistry and physiology, 142, 44–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xia, J., et al., 2017. Performance of a novel atrazine-induced cerebellar toxicity in quail (Coturnix C. coturnix): activating PXR/CAR pathway responses and disrupting cytochrome P450 homeostasis. Chemosphere, 171, 259–264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xing, B., et al., 2010. Dopamine D1 but not D3 receptor is critical for spatial learning and related signaling in the hippocampus. Neuroscience, 169 (4), 1511–1519.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xing, H., et al., 2015. Effects of atrazine and chlorpyrifos on DNA methylation in the brain and gonad of the common carp. Comparative biochemistry and physiology part C: toxicology & pharmacology, 168, 11–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, W.M., et al., 2007. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator is vital to sperm fertilizing capacity and male fertility. Proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the United States of America, 104 (23), 9816–9821.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan, B., et al., 2017. Toxic effects of atrazine on porcine oocytes and possible mechanisms of action. PLoS one, 12 (6), e0179861.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yue, L., et al., 2017. Adsorption-desorption behavior of atrazine on agricultural soils in China. Journal of environmental science, 57, 180–189.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, C., et al., 2018. Atrazine induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in quail (Coturnix C. coturnix) kidney via modulating Nrf2 signaling pathway. Chemosphere, 212, 974–982.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, B., Ma, K., and Li, B., 2015. Inflammatory reaction regulated by microglia plays a role in atrazine-induced dopaminergic neuron degeneration in the substantia nigra. The journal of toxicological sciences, 40 (4), 437–450.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar