Biologics for Hidradenitis suppurativa: evolution of the treatment paradigm

References

• Zouboulis CC, Desai N, Emtestam L, et al. European S1 guideline for the treatment of Hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29(4):619–644.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabat R, Jemec GBE, Matusiak Ł, et al. Hidradenitis suppurativa. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020;6(1):18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Machado MO, Stergiopoulos V, Maes M, et al. Depression and anxiety in adults with Hidradenitis suppurativa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Dermatol. 2019;155(8):939–945.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thorlacius L, Cohen AD, Gislason GH, et al. Increased suicide risk in patients with Hidradenitis suppurativa. J Invest Dermatol. 2018;138(1):52–57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jfri A, Nassim D, O’Brien E, et al. Prevalence of Hidradenitis suppurativa: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis. JAMA Dermatol. 2021;157(8):924–931.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moussa A, Willems A, Sinclair RD. Hidradenitis suppurativa: an up-to-date review of clinical features, pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches. Wound Pract Res. 2022;30(1):40–49.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saunte DM, Boer J, Stratigos A, et al. Diagnostic delay in Hidradenitis suppurativa is a global problem. Br J Dermatol. 2015;173(6):1546–1549.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garg A, Neuren E, Cha D, et al. Evaluating patients’ unmet needs in Hidradenitis suppurativa: results from the global survey of impact and healthcare needs (VOICE) project. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020;82(2):366–376.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gasparic J, Theut Riis P, Jemec GB. Recognizing syndromic Hidradenitis suppurativa: a review of the literature. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2017;31(11):1809–1816.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcovich S, Genovese G, Moltrasio C, et al. PASH, PAPASH, PsAPASH, and PASS: the autoinflammatory syndromes of Hidradenitis suppurativa. Clin Dermatol. 2021;39(2):240–247.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moltrasio C, Romagnuolo M, Marzano AV. Epigenetic mechanisms of epidermal differentiation. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(9):4874.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Straalen KR, Prens EP, Gudjonsson JE. Insights into Hidradenitis suppurativa. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2022;149(4):1150–1161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vossen ARJV, van der Zee HH, Prens EP. Hidradenitis suppurativa: a systematic review integrating inflammatory pathways into a cohesive pathogenic model. Front Immunol. 2018;9:2965.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moltrasio C, Tricarico PM, Romagnuolo M, et al. Hidradenitis suppurativa: a perspective on genetic factors involved in the disease. Biomedicines. 2022;10(8):2039.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun Q, Broadaway KA, Edmiston SN, et al. Genetic variants associated with Hidradenitis suppurativa. JAMA Dermatol. 2023;e232217. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.2217
   Google Scholar
• Mintoff D, Pace NP, Borg I. NCSTN in-frame deletion in maltese patients with Hidradenitis suppurativa. JAMA Dermatol. 2023;e232227. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.2227
   Google Scholar
• Colvin A, Petukhova L. Inborn errors of immunity in Hidradenitis suppurativa pathogenesis and disease burden. J Clin Immunol. 2023;43(6):1040–1051.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Licata G, Gambardella A, De Rosa A, et al. Hidradenitis suppurativa caused by vedolizumab. Dermatitis. 2021;32(1):e23–e24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orvain C, Lin YL, Jean-Louis F, et al. Hair follicle stem cell replication stress drives IFI16/STING-dependent inflammation in Hidradenitis suppurativa. J Clin Invest. 2020;130(7):3777–3790.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moltrasio C, Romagnuolo M, Marzano AV. NLRP3 inflammasome and NLRP3-related autoinflammatory diseases: from cryopyrin function to targeted therapies. Front Immunol. 2022;13:1007705.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gudjonsson JE, Tsoi LC, Ma F, et al. Contribution of plasma cells and B cells to Hidradenitis suppurativa pathogenesis. JCI Insight. 2020;5(19):e139930.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith CM, Hambly R, Gatault S, et al. B-cell-derived transforming growth factor-β may drive the activation of inflammatory macrophages and contribute to scarring in Hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol. 2023;188(2):290–310.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabat R, Šimaitė D, Gudjonsson JE, et al. Neutrophilic granulocyte-derived B-cell activating factor supports B cells in skin lesions in hidradenitis suppurativa. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2023;151(4):1015–1026.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alikhan A, Sayed C, Alavi A, et al. North American clinical management guidelines for hidradenitis suppurativa: a publication from the United States and Canadian hidradenitis suppurativa foundations: part II: topical, intralesional, and systemic medical management. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019;81(1):91–101. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.02.068
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ingram JR, Bettoli V, Espy JI, et al. Unmet clinical needs and burden of disease in hidradenitis suppurativa: real-world experience from EU5 and US. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2022;36(9):1597–1605.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Novartis [Internet]. East Hanover (NJ): news. FDA approves Novartis Cosentyx® as the first new biologic treatment option for hidradenitis suppurativa patients in nearly a decade. 2023 Oct 31 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://www.novartis.com/us-en/news/media-releases/fda-approves-novartis-cosentyx-first-new-biologic-treatment-option-hidradenitis-suppurativa-patients-nearly-decade
   Google Scholar
• Lewandowski M, Świerczewska Z, Barańska-Rybak W. Hidradenitis suppurativa: a review of current treatment options. Int J Dermatol. 2022;61(9):1152–1164.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, multiple dose study to evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety, tolerability, dose relation, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of CJM112 in moderate to severe chronic hidradenitis suppurativa patients. 2022 Jul 13 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02421172
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). Hidradenitis suppurativa phase 2b pivotal study of Izokibep. 2023 Nov 2 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05355805
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). Hidradenitis suppurativa study of Izokibep. 2023 Nov 7 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05905783
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). Evaluation of sonelokimab for the treatment of patients with active moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa. 2023 Oct 10 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05322473
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A phase 3, open-label, parallel group, multicenter, extension study evaluating the long-term treatment of bimekizumab in study participants with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa. 2023 Oct 27 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04901195
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bimekizumab in study participants with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa (BE HEARD I). 2023 Apr 7 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04242446
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study evaluating the efficacy and safety of bimekizumab in study participants with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa. 2023 Oct 17 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04242498
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A multicenter, double-blind, randomized withdrawal extension study of subcutaneous secukinumab to demonstrate long-term efficacy, safety and tolerability in subjects with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa. 2023 Oct 27 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04179175
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter phase II study to determine efficacy and safety of IFX-1 in subjects with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa. 2021 Apr 8 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/results/NCT03487276
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). Safety and efficacy study of BDB-001 injection in patients with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). 2023 Jun 27 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05103423
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). Efficacy and safety study of BDB-001 injection in patients with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). 2023 Aug 29 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05093855
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A study to test whether spesolimab helps people with a skin disease called hidradenitis suppurativa. 2023 Sep 13 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04762277
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). Lunsayil 1: a study to test whether spesolimab helps people with a skin disease called hidradenitis suppurativa. 2023 Nov 3 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05819398
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A study investigating long-term treatment with spesolimab in people with a skin disease called hidradenitis suppurativa who completed a previous clinical trial. 2023 Aug 31 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04876391
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A study to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of bermekimab in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. 2023 Jul 27 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04019041
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A study of bermekimab for the treatment of participants with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa (LYRA). 2023 Nov 13 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04988308
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A study to assess disease activity and safety of subcutaneous lutikizumab (ABT-981) in adult participants with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa who have failed anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy. 2023 Sep 13 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05139602
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A study to test the efficacy and safety of SAR442970 in adults with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS OBTAIN). 2023 Oct 30 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05849922
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). Efficacy and safety of infliximab biosimilar in treatment of resistant hidradenitis suppurativa. 2022 Dec 23 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05663268
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A study of LY3041658 in adults with hidradenitis suppurativa. 2023 Apr 28 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04493502
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). Safety and pharmacokinetics of repeat doses of CSL324 in subjects with hidradenitis suppurativa and palmoplantar pustulosis. 2023 May 26 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03972280
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). Study of efficacy and safety of investigational treatments in patients with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa. 2023 Nov 8 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03827798
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). Trial to determine the immunomodulatory activity of PTM-001 in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. 2022 Oct 26 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05020730
   Google Scholar
• Alotaibi HM. Incidence, risk factors, and prognosis of hidradenitis suppurativa across the globe: insights from the literature. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2023;16:545–552.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zouboulis VA, Zouboulis KC, Zouboulis CC. Hidradenitis suppurativa and comorbid disorder biomarkers, druggable genes, new drugs and drug repurposing-a molecular meta-analysis. Pharmaceutics. 2021;14(1):44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tzellos T, Zouboulis CC. Which hidradenitis suppurativa comorbidities should I take into account? Exp Dermatol. 2022;31(Suppl 1):29–32.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Garg A, Malviya N, Strunk A, et al. Comorbidity screening in hidradenitis suppurativa: evidence-based recommendations from the US and Canadian Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundations. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022;86(5):1092–1101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruggiero A, Martora F, Picone V, et al. Paradoxical hidradenitis suppurativa during biologic therapy, an emerging challenge: a systematic review. Biomed. 2022;10(2):455.
   Google Scholar
• Matusiak L, Bieniek A, Szepietowski JC. Increased serum tumour necrosis factor-alpha in hidradenitis suppurativa patients: is there a basis for treatment with anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha agents? Acta Derm Venereol. 2009;89(6):601–603.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Zee HH, de Ruiter L, van den Broecke DG, et al. Elevated levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10 in hidradenitis suppurativa skin: a rationale for targeting TNF-α and IL-1β. Br J Dermatol. 2011;164(6):1292–1298.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vossen ARJV, Ardon CB, van der Zee HH, et al. The anti-inflammatory potency of biologics targeting tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-12/23 and CD20 in hidradenitis suppurativa: an ex vivo study. Br J Dermatol. 2019;181(2):314–323.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimball AB, Okun MM, Williams DA, et al. Two phase 3 trials of adalimumab for hidradenitis suppurativa. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(5):422–434.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gulliver W, Alavi A, Wiseman MC, et al. Real-world effectiveness of Adalimumab in patients with moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa: the 1-year SOLACE study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021;35(12):2431–2439.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hafner A, Ghislain PD, Kovács R, et al. Improvement in hidradenitis suppurativa and quality of life in patients treated with Adalimumab: real-world results from the HARMONY Study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021;35(11):2277–2284.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu JW, Huang YW, Chen TL. Efficacy and safety of adalimumab in hidradenitis suppurativa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Med (Baltimore). 2021;100(22):e26190.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martora F, Megna M, Battista T, et al. Adalimumab, Ustekinumab, and Secukinumab in the management of hidradenitis suppurativa: a review of the real-life experience. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2023;16:135–148.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayashi N, Hayama K, Takahashi K, et al. Real-world safety and effectiveness of Adalimumab in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: a 52-week analysis of a postmarketing surveillance study in Japan. J Dermatol. 2023;50(8):1034–1044.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marzano AV, Genovese G, Casazza G, et al. Evidence for a ‘window of opportunity’ in hidradenitis suppurativa treated with Adalimumab: a retrospective, real-life multicentre cohort study. Br J Dermatol. 2021;184(1):133–140.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frew JW, Singh N, Jiang CS, et al. The impact of body mass index upon the efficacy of adalimumab in hidradenitis suppurativa. Front Med (Lausanne). 2021;8:603281.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caposiena Caro RD, Chiricozzi A, Sechi A, et al. Flares as dynamic predictive factor of response to adalimumab in hidradenitis suppurativa: real-life data. Ital J Dermatol Venerol. 2022;157(3):240–246. doi: 10.23736/S2784-8671.21.07049-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stergianou D, Tzanetakou V, Argyropoulou M, et al. Staphylococcus aureus carriage in hidradenitis suppurativa: impact on response to Adalimumab. Dermatology. 2021;237(3):372–377.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krajewski PK, Jfri A, Ochando-Ibernón G, et al. Ultrasonographic railway sign in tunnels as a new independent risk factor of adalimumab failure in hidradenitis suppurativa. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023;88(3):732–734.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Odorici G, Pacetti L, Forconi R, et al. Seven years-experience of adalimumab therapy for hidradenitis suppurativa in a real-life dermatologic setting. J Dermatolog Treat. 2022;33(4):2063–2067.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Argyropoulou M, Trigoni A, Kaffenberger J, et al. Impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the promoter of the tnf gene on adalimumab treatment responses in hidradenitis suppurativa. Dermatology. 2023;239(5):746–752.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu M, Degner J, Georgantas RW, et al. A genetic variant in the BCL2 gene associates with adalimumab response in hidradenitis suppurativa clinical trials and regulates expression of BCL2. J Invest Dermatol. 2020;140(3):574–582.e2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdalla T, Lowes MA, Kaur N, et al. Is there a role for therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa on tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors? Am J Clin Dermatol. 2021;22(2):139–147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hambly R, Gatault S, Smith CM, et al. B-cell and complement signature in severe hidradenitis suppurativa that does not respond to Adalimumab. Br J Dermatol. 2023;188(1):52–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao Y, Hong F, Conlon DM, et al. Potential predictive biomarkers of adalimumab response in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol. 2021;185(4):804–814.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frew JW, Jiang CS, Singh N, et al. Dermal tunnels influence time to clinical response and family history influences time to loss of clinical response in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa treated with Adalimumab. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2021;46(2):306–313.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ring HC, Maul JT, Yao Y, et al. Drug survival of biologics in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. JAMA Dermatol. 2022;158(2):184–188.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zouboulis CC, Hansen H, Caposiena Caro RD, et al. Adalimumab dose intensification in recalcitrant hidradenitis suppurativa/Acne inversa. Dermatology. 2020;236(1):25–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sánchez Martínez EM, Murray G, Alfageme Roldán F, et al. Adalimumab dose intensification in hidradenitis suppurativa: effectiveness and safety results of a multicentre study. Br J Dermatol. 2021;185(4):863–865.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams J, Guzik C, Wadhera A, et al. Increased doses of adalimumab are associated with clinical improvement of hidradenitis suppurativa. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023;22(6):615–618. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6868
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kirsten N, Ohm F, Gehrdau K, et al. Switching from adalimumab originator to biosimilar in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa results in losses of response-data from the German HS Registry HSBest. Life (Basel). 2022;12(10):1518.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montero-Vilchez T, Cuenca-Barrales C, Rodriguez-Tejero A, et al. Switching from adalimumab originator to biosimilar: clinical experience in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. J Clin Med. 2022;11(4):1007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burlando M, Fabbrocini G, Marasca C, et al. Adalimumab originator vs. biosimilar in hidradenitis suppurativa: a multicentric retrospective study. Biomedicines. 2022;10(10):2522.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grau-Pérez M, Rodríguez-Aguilar L, Roustan G, et al. Drug survival of adalimumab biosimilar vs adalimumab originator in hidradenitis suppurativa: can equivalence be assumed? A retrospective cohort study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2023;37(5):e678–e680.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shih T, Lee K, Grogan T, et al. Infliximab in hidradenitis suppurativa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dermatol Ther. 2022;35(9):e15691.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Rappard DC, Leenarts MF, Meijerink-van T, et al. Comparing treatment outcome of infliximab and adalimumab in patients with severe hidradenitis suppurativa. J Dermatolog Treat. 2012;23(4):284–289.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paradela S, Rodríguez-Lojo R, Fernández-Torres R, et al. Long-term efficacy of infliximab in hidradenitis suppurativa. J Dermatolog Treat. 2012;23(4):278–283.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oskardmay AN, Miles JA, Sayed CJ. Determining the optimal dose of infliximab for treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019;81(3):702–708.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Westerkam LL, Tackett KJ, Sayed CJ. Comparing the effectiveness and safety associated with infliximab vs infliximab-abda therapy for patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. JAMA Dermatol. 2021;157(6):708–711.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maronese CA, Ingram JR, Marzano AV. Has the time come to assess small molecule/biologic drug combination for the management of moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa? Br J Dermatol. 2023;189(4):467–468.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wohlmuth-Wieser I, Alhusayen R. Treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa with certolizumab pegol during pregnancy. Int J Dermatol. 2021;60(4):e140–e141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esme P, Akoglu G, Dalkıran CD, et al. Certolizumab pegol in the treatment of severe hidradenitis suppurativa after adalimumab failure: a real-life experience. Dermatol Ther. 2022;35(11):e15782.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramos FJM, Ruiz RG, Puchades AM. Golimumab, as an alternative treatment in patients with coexisting hidradenitis suppurativa and arthritis after Adalimumab failure: report of two cases. Dermatol Ther. 2022;35(3):e15266.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melendez-Gonzalez MDM, Hamad J, Sayed C. Golimumab for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa in patients with previous TNF-α treatment failure. J Invest Dermatol. 2021;141(12):2975–2979.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adams DR, Yankura JA, Fogelberg AC, et al. Treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa with etanercept injection. Arch Dermatol. 2010;146(5):501–504.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Iznardo H, Puig L. IL-1 family cytokines in inflammatory dermatoses: pathogenetic role and potential therapeutic implications. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(16):9479.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suhrkamp I, Gerdes S. The IL-1 pathway as a treatment target in early stage hidradenitis suppurativa? Br J Dermatol. 2023;ljad225. doi: 10.1093/bjd/ljad225
   Google Scholar
• Moran B, Smith CM, Zabarowski A, et al. Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome reduces inflammation in hidradenitis suppurativa skin. Br J Dermatol. 2023;ljad184. doi: 10.1093/bjd/ljad184
   Google Scholar
• Zarchi K, Dufour DN, Jemec GB. Successful treatment of severe hidradenitis suppurativa with anakinra. JAMA Dermatol. 2013;149(10):1192–1194.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leslie KS, Tripathi SV, Nguyen TV, et al. An open-label study of anakinra for the treatment of moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;70(2):243–251.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menis D, Maroñas-Jiménez L, Delgado-Marquez AM, et al. Two cases of severe hidradenitis suppurativa with failure of anakinra therapy. Br J Dermatol. 2015;172(3):810–811.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jennings L, Molloy O, Quinlan C, et al. Treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum, acne, suppurative hidradenitis (PASH) with weight-based anakinra dosing in a hepatitis B carrier. Int J Dermatol. 2017;56(6):e128–e129.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Zee HH, Prens EP. Failure of anti-interleukin-1 therapy in severe hidradenitis suppurativa: a case report. Dermatology. 2013;226(2):97–100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houriet C, Seyed Jafari SM, Thomi R, et al. Canakinumab for severe hidradenitis suppurativa: preliminary experience in 2 cases. JAMA Dermatol. 2017;153(11):1195–1197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tzanetakou V, Kanni T, Giatrakou S, et al. Safety and efficacy of anakinra in severe hidradenitis suppurativa: a randomized clinical trial [published correction appears in JAMA dermatol. 2017;153(9):950. JAMA Dermatol. 2016;152(1):52–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romano M, Arici ZS, Piskin D, et al. The 2021 EULAR/American College of Rheumatology points to consider for diagnosis, management and monitoring of the interleukin-1 mediated autoinflammatory diseases: cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes, tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome, mevalonate kinase deficiency, and deficiency of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81(7):907–921.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun NZ, Ro T, Jolly P, et al. Non-response to interleukin-1 antagonist canakinumab in two patients with refractory pyoderma gangrenosum and hidradenitis suppurativa. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2017;10(9):36–38.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Agud-Dios M, Arroyo-Andrés J, Rubio-Muñiz C, et al. Successful treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa and Crohn’s disease with combined guselkumab and apremilast. Dermatol Ther. 2022;35(10):e15743.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tekin B, Salman A, Ergun T. Hidradenitis suppurativa unresponsive to canakinumab treatment: a case report. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2017;83(5):615–617.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akdogan N, Yalici-Armagan B, Dogan S, et al. Severe hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa) associated with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and gout partially responsive to canakinumab. Dermatol Ther. 2021;34(4):edth15002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanni T, Argyropoulou M, Spyridopoulos T, et al. MABp1 targeting IL-1α for moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa not eligible for adalimumab: a randomized study. J Invest Dermatol. 2018;138(4):795–801.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottlieb A, Natsis NE, Kerdel F, et al. A phase II open-label study of bermekimab in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa shows resolution of inflammatory lesions and pain. J Invest Dermatol. 2020;140(8):1538–1545.e2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanni T, Argyropoulou M, Dinarello CA, et al. MABp1 targeting interleukin-1α in hidradenitis suppurativa ineligible for adalimumab treatment: results of the open-label extension period. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2021;46(1):162–163.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goepfert A, Lehmann S, Wirth E, et al. The human IL-17A/F heterodimer: a two-faced cytokine with unique receptor recognition properties. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):8906.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Frew JW, Marzano AV, Wolk K, et al. A systematic review of promising therapeutic targets in hidradenitis suppurativa: a critical evaluation of mechanistic and clinical relevance. J Invest Dermatol. 2021;141(2):316–324.e2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimball AB, Jemec GBE, Alavi A, et al. Secukinumab in moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa (SUNSHINE and SUNRISE): week 16 and week 52 results of two identical, multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind phase 3 trials. Lancet. 2023;401(10378):747–761.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prussick L, Rothstein B, Joshipura D, et al. Open-label, investigator-initiated, single-site exploratory trial evaluating secukinumab, an anti-interleukin-17A monoclonal antibody, for patients with moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol. 2019;181(3):609–611.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frew JW, Navrazhina K, Grand D, et al. The effect of subcutaneous brodalumab on clinical disease activity in hidradenitis suppurativa: an open-label cohort study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020;83(5):1341–1348.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frew JW, Navrazhina K, Sullivan-Whalen M, et al. Weekly administration of brodalumab in hidradenitis suppurativa: an open-label cohort study. Br J Dermatol. 2021;184(2):350–352.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glatt S, Jemec GBE, Forman S, et al. Efficacy and safety of bimekizumab in moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa: a phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical. JAMA Dermatol. 2021;157(11):1279–1288.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kashetsky N, Mufti A, Alabdulrazzaq S, et al. Treatment outcomes of IL-17 inhibitors in hidradenitis suppurativa: a systematic review. J Cutan Med Surg. 2022;26(1):79–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esme P, Botsali A, Akoglu G, et al. An anti-interleukin-17A monoclonal antibody, ixekizumab, in the treatment of resistant hidradenitis suppurativa: a case series. Skin Appendage Disord. 2022;8(4):342–345.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Maronese CA, Zelin E, Moltrasio C, et al. Genetic screening in new onset inflammatory bowel disease during anti-interleukin 17 therapy: unmet needs and call for action. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2021;21(12):1543–1546.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lloyd-McLennan AM, Ali S, Kittler NW. Prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease among pediatric patients with hidradenitis suppurativa and the potential role of screening with fecal calprotectin. Pediatr Dermatol. 2021;38(1):98–102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kluger N, Salava A, Lybeck E, et al. Faecal calprotectin in hidradenitis suppurativa: a study of 55 patients. Eur J Dermatol. 2020;30(4):422–424.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eşer E, Engin B, Yüksel P, et al. Relationship between fecal calprotectin level and disease activity in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. Dermatol Ther. 2020;33(2):e13232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reguiaï Z, Fougerousse AC, Maccari F, et al. Effectiveness of secukinumab in hidradenitis suppurativa: an open study (20 cases). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2020;34(11):e750–e751.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ribero S, Ramondetta A, Fabbrocini G, et al. Effectiveness of secukinumab in the treatment of moderate-severe hidradenitis suppurativa: results from an Italian multicentric retrospective study in a real-life setting. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021;35(7):e441–e442.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melgosa Ramos FJ, García Ruiz R, Estébanez Corrales A, et al. Long-term secukinumab efficacy in patients with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa: a retrospective single-centre case series (23 patients). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2022; doi: 10.1111/jdv.18685
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandez-Crehuet P, Haselgruber S, Padial-Gomez A, et al. Short-term effectiveness, safety, and potential predictors of response of secukinumab in patients with severe hidradenitis suppurativa refractory to biologic therapy: a multicenter observational retrospective study. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2023;13(4):1029–1038.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimball AB, Zouboulis CC, Sayed C. Bimekizumab in patients with moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa: 48-week efficacy and safety from BE HEARD I & II, two phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, multicenter studies. Late breaking platform presented at: American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) Annual Meeting; 2023 March 17–21; New Orleans, LA, USA.
   Google Scholar
• Molinelli E, Gambini D, Maurizi A, et al. Bimekizumab in hidradenitis suppurativa: a valid and rapid emerging treatment. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2023;llad229. doi: 10.1093/ced/llad229
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Navrazhina K, Frew JW, Krueger JG. Interleukin 17C is elevated in lesional tissue of hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol. 2020;182(4):1045–1047.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kearney N, Hughes R, Kirby B. Treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa with brodalumab in biologic treatment failures: experiences from a specialty clinic. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2023;48(7):790–792.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimball AB, Loesche C, Prens EP, et al. IL-17A is a pertinent therapeutic target for moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa: combined results from a pre-clinical and phase II proof-of-concept study. Exp Dermatol. 2022;31(10):1522–1532.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Megna M, Ruggiero A, Di Guida A, et al. Ixekizumab: an efficacious treatment for both psoriasis and hidradenitis suppurativa. Dermatol Ther. 2020;33(4):e13756.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Odorici G, Pellacani G, Conti A. Ixekizumab in hidradenitis suppurativa in a psoriatic patient. G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2020;155(6):788–789.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reardon K, Levin J, Levin C. Severe hidradenitis suppurativa with herpes simplex virus 1 superinfection and clinical responsiveness to ixekizumab. JAAD Case Rep. 2021;9:7–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Montero-Vilchez T, Pozo-Román T, Sánchez-Velicia L, et al. Ustekinumab in the treatment of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: multicenter case series and systematic review. J Dermatolog Treat. 2022;33(1):348–353.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hollywood A, Murray G, Fleming S, et al. Ustekinumab in the management of hidradenitis suppurativa: a retrospective study. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022;21(3):319–320.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jiang SW, Kwock JT, Liu B, et al. High-dose, high-frequency ustekinumab therapy for patients with severe hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol. 2022;187(3):417–419.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valenzuela-Ubiña S, Jiménez-Gallo D, Villegas-Romero I, et al. Effectiveness of ustekinumab for moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa: a case series. J Dermatolog Treat. 2022;33(2):1159–1162.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blok JL, Li K, Brodmerkel C, et al. Ustekinumab in hidradenitis suppurativa: clinical results and a search for potential biomarkers in serum. Br J Dermatol. 2016;174(4):839–846.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romaní J, Vilarrasa E, Martorell A, et al. Ustekinumab with intravenous infusion: results in hidradenitis suppurativa. Dermatology. 2020;236(1):21–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sánchez-Martínez EM, García-Ruiz R, Moneva-Léniz LM, et al. Effectiveness and safety of ustekinumab in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa using intravenous induction. Dermatol Ther. 2020;33(6):e14054.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cline A, Pichardo RO. Successful treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa in the setting of Crohn disease with combination adalimumab and ustekinumab. Dermatol Online J. 2019;25(9):13030/qt0hw2w4nr.
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A study of combination therapy with guselkumab and golimumab in participants with moderately to severely active crohn’s disease (DUET-CD). 2023 Nov 8 [cited Nov 13]. Available from: https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05242471
   Google Scholar
• Feagan BG, Sands BE, Sandborn WJ, et al. Guselkumab plus golimumab combination therapy versus guselkumab or golimumab monotherapy in patients with ulcerative colitis (VEGA): a randomised, double-blind, controlled, phase 2, proof-of-concept trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023;8(4):307–320.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maronese CA, Pimentel MA, Li MM, et al. Pyoderma gangrenosum: an updated literature review on established and emerging pharmacological treatments. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2022;23(5):615–634.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dissemond J, Marzano AV, Hampton PJ, et al. Pyoderma gangrenosum: treatment options. Drugs. 2023 Aug 23;83(14):1255–1267.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zouboulis CC, Frew JW, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, et al. Target molecules for future hidradenitis suppurativa treatment. Exp Dermatol. 2021 Jun;30 Suppl 1(S1):8–17.doi: 10.1111/exd.14338
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Melgosa Ramos FJ, García Ruiz R, Mateu Puchades A, et al. Guselkumab effectiveness, and posology in patients with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa: a retrospective bicentric experience. Dermatol Ther. 2022;35(7):e15558.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovacs M, Podda M. Guselkumab in the treatment of severe hidradenitis suppurativa. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2019;33(3):e140–e141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casseres RG, Kahn JS, Her MJ, et al. Guselkumab in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa: a retrospective chart review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019;81(1):265–267.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montero-Vilchez T, Martinez-Lopez A, Salvador-Rodriguez L, et al. The use of guselkumab 100 mg every 4 weeks on patients with hidradenitis suppurativa and a literature review. Dermatol Ther. 2020;33(3):e13456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burzi L, Repetto F, Ramondetta A, et al. Guselkumab in the treatment of severe hidradenitis suppurativa, a promising role? Dermatol Ther. 2021;34(3):e14930.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caposiena Caro RD, Pensa C, Lambiase S, et al. Risankizumab effectiveness in a recalcitrant case of hidradenitis suppurativa after anti-TNF and anti-interleukin-17 failures. Dermatol Ther. 2021;34(6):e15116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marques E, Arenberger P, Smetanová A, et al. Successful treatment of recalcitrant hidradenitis suppurativa with risankizumab after failure of anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha. Br J Dermatol. 2021;184(5):966–967.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Repetto F, Burzi L, Ribero S, et al. Efficacy and safety of risankizumab in hidradenitis suppurativa: a case series. Acta Derm Venereol. 2022;102:adv00780.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Licata G, Gambardella A, Buononato D, et al. A case of moderate hidradenitis suppurativa and psoriasis successfully treated with risankizumab. Int J Dermatol. 2022;61(4):e126–e129.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kok Y, Nicolopoulos J, Varigos G, et al. Tildrakizumab in the treatment of PASH syndrome: a potential novel therapeutic target. Australas J Dermatol. 2020;61(3):e373–e374.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kok Y, Nicolopoulos J, Dolianitis C. Tildrakizumab as a potential long-term therapeutic agent for severe hidradenitis suppurativa: a 15 months experience of an Australian institution. Australas J Dermatol. 2021;62(2):e313–e316.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimball AB, Podda M, Alavi A, et al. Guselkumab for the treatment of patients with moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa: a phase 2 randomized study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2023;37(10):2098–2108.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimball AB, Prens EP, Passeron T, et al. Efficacy and safety of risankizumab for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa: a phase 2, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2023;13(5):1099–1111.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dudink K, Bouwman K, Chen Y, et al. Guselkumab for hidradenitis suppurativa: a phase II, open-label, mode-of-action study. Br J Dermatol. 2023;188(5):601–609.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rivera-Díaz R, Pozo T, Alfageme F, et al. The effectiveness of guselkumab in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa under clinical practice conditions: a Spanish multicentre retrospective study. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2023;S0001–7310(23):00604–X.
   Google Scholar
• Repetto F, Roccuzzo G, Burzi L, et al. Drug survival of anti interleukin-17 and interleukin −23 agents after adalimumab failure in hidradenitis suppurativa: a pilot study. Acta Derm Venereol. 2023;103:adv5278. doi: 10.2340/actadv.v103.5278
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koszegi B, Wilson A, Stone C, et al. Tildrakizumab for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa in patients previously treated with adalimumab: a 30-month experience. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2023;48(11):1266–1269.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flora A, Kozera EK, Jepsen R, et al. Baseline clinical, hormonal and molecular markers associated with clinical response to IL-23 antagonism in hidradenitis suppurativa: a prospective cohort study. Exp Dermatol. 2023;32(6):869–877.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Straalen Kr, Dudink K, Aarts P, et al. Complement activation in hidradenitis suppurativa: covert low-grade inflammation or innocent bystander? Front Immunol. 2022;13:953674.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Argyropoulou M, Kanni T, et al. Clinical efficacy of complement C5a inhibition by IFX-1 in hidradenitis suppurativa: an open-label single-arm trial in patients not eligible for Adalimumab. Br J Dermatol. 2020;183(1):176–178.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• inflaRX [Internet]. Jena (Deu): press release. InflaRx commences second phase II clinical trial of IFX-1 in ANCA-associated vasculitis with first patient treated in Europe. 2019 May 14 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://www.inflarx.de/Home/Investors/Press-Releases/06-2019-InflaRx-Announces–Top-Line-SHINE-Phase-IIb-Results-for-IFX-1-in-Hidradenitis-Suppurativa-.html
   Google Scholar
• inflaRX [Internet]. Jena (Deu): press release. InflaRx commences second phase II clinical trial of IFX-1 in ANCA-associated vasculitis with first patient treated in Europe. 2019 Nov 6 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: InflaRx Reports Positive Results from the Open Label Extension Part of the SHINE Study for IFX-1 in Hidradenitis Suppurativa.
   Google Scholar
• Alavi A, Prens E, Kimball A, et al. Spesolimab for hidradenitis suppurativa: proof-of-concept study. Poster session presented at: American Academy of Dermatology Annual Meeting (AAD); 2023 March 17–21; New Orleans, LA, USA. Poster 43019.
   Google Scholar
• Krajewski PK, Szepietowski JC, Martorell A. Tunnels in hidradenitis suppurativa: active inflammatory entities with specific molecular and genetic profiles - a narrative review. Dermatology. 2023;239(3):323–327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guénin SH, Khattri S, Lebwohl MG. Spesolimab use in treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum. JAAD Case Rep. 2023;34:18–22.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anaptysbio [Internet]. San Diego (CA): new releases. Anaptysbio reports harp phase 2 top-line data of imsidolimab in moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa. 2022 Aug 31 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://ir.anaptysbio.com/news-releases/news-release-details/anaptysbio-reports-harp-phase-2-top-line-data-imsidolimab/
   Google Scholar
• Amat-Samaranch V, Agut-Busquet E, Vilarrasa E, et al. New perspectives on the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2021;12:20406223211055920.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie Y, Kuang W, Wang D, et al. Expanding role of CXCR2 and therapeutic potential of CXCR2 antagonists in inflammatory diseases and cancers. Eur J Med Chem. 2023;250:115175.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forman S, Patel DR, Kimball AB, et al. Safety and efficacy of LY3041658, a novel septa-specific monoclonal antibody to CXCR1 and CXCR2 ligands, in a phase 2 study in 950 hidradenitis suppurativa. Paper presented at: American Academy of Dermatology Annual Meeting (AAD); 2023 March 17–21, New Orleans, LA, USA.
   Google Scholar
• Seigel K, Croitoru D, Lena ER, et al. Utility of rituximab in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa: a systematic review. J Cutan Med Surg. 2023;27(2):176–177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molinelli E, Sapigni C, Simonetti O, et al. Successfully and safety use of dupilumab in the management of severe atopic dermatitis and concomitant moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa. Dermatol Ther. 2022;35(8):e15645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gambardella A, Calabrese G, Di Brizzi EV, et al. A case of atopic dermatitis and hidradenitis suppurativa successfully treated with dupilumab. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2020;34(6):e284–e286.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho MK, Shin JU, Kim DH, et al. Severe atopic dermatitis and concurrent severe hidradenitis suppurativa successfully treated with dupilumab. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2022;47(12):2303–2305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kluger N. Failure of dupilumab in a severe case of hidradenitis suppurativa. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2023;S0151–9638(23):00036–4.
   Google Scholar
• Joh CS, Jeong S, Lee C, et al. Spatial transcriptomic profiling reveals the pathophysiology of early-stage hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol. 2023;ljad274. doi: 10.1093/bjd/ljad274
   Google Scholar
• Kozera E, Flora A, Frew JW. Real-world safety and clinical response of Janus kinase inhibitor upadacitinib in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa: a retrospective cohort study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022;87(6):1440–1442.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martora F, Scalvenzi M, Ruggiero A, et al. Hidradenitis suppurativa and JAK inhibitors: a review of the published literature. Medicina (Kaunas). 2023;59(4):801.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savage KT, Santillan MR, Flood KS, et al. Tofacitinib shows benefit in conjunction with other therapies in recalcitrant hidradenitis suppurativa patients. JAAD Case Rep. 2020;6(2):99–102.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sadeghzadeh Bazargan A, Pashaei A, Goodarzi A. Successful treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa with tofacitinib: two cases and a review of the literature. Oxf Med Case Reports. 2023;2023(3):omad003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olbrich P, Cortés JI, Neth O, et al. Dermatology and rheumatology research group. STAT1 gain-of-function and hidradenitis suppurativa successfully managed with baricitinib. J Clin Immunol. 2023;43(5):898–901.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alavi A, Hamzavi I, Brown K, et al. Janus kinase 1 inhibitor INCB054707 for patients with moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa: results from two phase II studies. Br J Dermatol. 2022;186(5):803–813.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of povorcitinib (INCB054707) in participants with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa (STOP-HS1). 2023 Nov 9 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05620823
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (us). a study of oral upadacitinib tablet compared to placebo in adult participants with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa to assess change in disease symptoms. 2023 Feb 23 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04430855
   Google Scholar
• Frings VG, Jopp L, Srivastava M, et al. Stress signalling and STAT1 activation characterize the keratinocytic gene expression pattern in Hidradenitis suppurativa. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2022;36(12):2488–2498.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu H, Santos LL, Smith SH. Modulation of disease-associated pathways in hidradenitis suppurativa by the janus kinase 1 inhibitor povorcitinib: transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of two phase 2 studies. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(8):7185.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirby JS, Okun MM, Alavi A, et al. Efficacy and safety of the oral Janus kinase 1 inhibitor povorcitinib (INCB054707) in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa in a phase 2, randomized, double-blind, dose-ranging, placebo-controlled study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023;S0190-9622(23):03037–2.
   Google Scholar
• Zabotti A, Giovannini I, De Vita S, et al. Recalcitrant and persistent adalimumab-induced paradoxical psoriasiform skin reaction in a rheumatoid arthritis patient successfully treated with upadacitinib. Dermatol Ther. 2022;35(9):e15713.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conrad C, Di Domizio J, Mylonas A, et al. TNF blockade induces a dysregulated type I interferon response without autoimmunity in paradoxical psoriasis. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimball A, Peeva E, Forman S, et al. Efficacy and safety of 3 different kinase inhibitors: brepocitinib (TYK2/JAK1 inhibitor), IL-1 receptor associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) inhibitor, and Tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) inhibitor in patients with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa in a Phase 2a umbrella study. Paper presented at: European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology; 2022 September 7–10; Milan, Spain, and virtual. (Abstract 3497).
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PF-06650833, PF-06700841, and PF 06826647 in adults with hidradenitis suppurativa. 2023 Jun 15 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/nct04092452
   Google Scholar
• Schneeweiss MC, Kim SC, Wyss R, et al. Incidence of venous thromboembolism in patients with dermatologist-diagnosed chronic inflammatory skin diseases. JAMA Dermatol. 2021;157(7):805–816.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sachdeva M, Mufti A, Zaaroura H, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma arising within hidradenitis suppurativa: a literature review. Int J Dermatol. 2021;60(11):e459–e465.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ytterberg SR, Bhatt DL, Mikuls TR, et al. Cardiovascular and cancer risk with tofacitinib in rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med. 2022;386(4):316–326.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winthrop KL, Cohen SB. Oral surveillance and JAK inhibitor safety: the theory of relativity. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2022;18(5):301–304.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fleischmann R, Mysler E, Bessette L, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of upadacitinib or adalimumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results through 3 years from the SELECT-COMPARE study. RMD Open. 2022;8(1):e002012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen SB, van Vollenhoven RF, Winthrop KL, et al. Safety profile of upadacitinib in rheumatoid arthritis: integrated analysis from the SELECT phase III clinical programme. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;80(3):304–311.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guttman-Yassky E, Thyssen JP, Silverberg JI, et al. Safety of upadacitinib in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: an integrated analysis of phase 3 studies. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2022;S0091–6749(22):01327–6.
   Google Scholar
• McInnes IB, Kato K, Magrey M, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Upadacitinib in patients with psoriatic arthritis: 2-year results from the phase 3 SELECT-PsA 1 study. Rheumatol Ther. 2022;1–18. doi: 10.1007/s40744-022-00499-w
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). Tofacitinib for immune skin conditions in down syndrome; 2023 Jan 19 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04246372
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). Study of the effect of fostamatinib upon cutaneous inflammation in the setting of hidradenitis suppurativa. 2023 Mar 3 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05040698
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A single and multiple ascending dose trial of KT-474 in healthy adult volunteers and patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) or hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). 2022 Oct 24 [cited 2023 Nov 23]. Available from: https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04772885
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). Orismilast for the treatment of mild to severe hidradenitis suppurativa (OSIRIS). 2021 Sep 28 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04982432
   Google Scholar
• ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of medicine (US). A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of a novel HSP90 inhibitor (RGRN-305) in the treatment of moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa; 2023 Jan 31 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05286567
   Google Scholar
• Jaeger T, Andres C, Grosber M, et al. Pyoderma gangrenosum and concomitant hidradenitis suppurativa–rapid response to canakinumab (anti-IL-1β). Eur J Dermatol. 2013;23(3):408–410.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChemoCentryx [Internet]. Mountain view (CA): new releases. ChemoCentryx announces positive topline results of phase II Aurora clinical trial of avacopan in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). 2020 Oct 28 [cited 2023 Nov 13]. Available from: https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2020/10/28/2116264/19219/en/ChemoCentryx-announces-positive-topline-results-of-phase-II-AURORA-clinical-trial-of-avacopan-in-the-treatment-of-hidradenitis-suppurativa-HS.html
   Google Scholar
• Jepsen R, Edwards C, Flora A, et al. A proof-of-concept open-label clinical trial of spleen tyrosine kinase antagonism using fostamatinib in moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023;S0190–9622(23):01082–4.
   Google Scholar
• Aarts P, Vossen ARJV, van der Zee HH, et al. Long-term treatment with apremilast in hidradenitis suppurativa: a 2-year follow-up of initial responders. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021;85(1):258–260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oliveira M, Rahawi K, Duan Y, et al. Effect of biologics on the need for procedural interventions, systemic medications, and healthcare utilization in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: real-world data from the UNITE registry. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2023;13(7):1577–1585. doi: 10.1007/s13555-023-00954-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bechara FG, Podda M, Prens EP, et al. Efficacy and safety of adalimumab in conjunction with surgery in moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa: the SHARPS randomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg. 2021;156(11):1001–1009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aarts P, van Huijstee JC, van der Zee HH, et al. Adalimumab in conjunction with surgery compared with adalimumab monotherapy for hidradenitis suppurativa: a randomized controlled trial in a real-world setting [published online ahead of print, 2023 Apr 27]. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023;S0190-9622(23):00734–X. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.04.034
   Google Scholar
• Shanmugam VK, Mulani S, McNish S, et al. Longitudinal observational study of hidradenitis suppurativa: impact of surgical intervention with adjunctive biologic therapy. Int J Dermatol. 2018;57(1):62–69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benassaia E, Boccara D, Mimoun M, et al. Infliximab treatment before and after surgery in severe hidradenitis suppurativa: a retrospective study of 10 patients. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2022;149(3):195–197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeFazio MV, Economides JM, King KS, et al. Outcomes After Combined Radical Resection and Targeted Biologic Therapy for the Management of Recalcitrant Hidradenitis Suppurativa. Ann Plast Surg. 2016;77(2):217–222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maghfour J, Dzuali F, Ezekwe N, et al. Evaluating the Efficacy of Continuous Wave Carbon Dioxide Laser Therapy in Conjunction with Biologics for the management of Hidradenitis Suppurativa [published online ahead of print, 2023 Jul 20]. Br J Dermatol. 2023;ljad246. doi: 10.1093/bjd/ljad246
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schultheis M, Staubach P, Nikolakis G, et al. A centre-based ambulatory care concept for hidradenitis suppurativa improves disease activity, disease burden and patient satisfaction: results from the randomized controlled EsmAiL trial. Br J Dermatol. 2023;189(2):170–179.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marzano AV, Genovese G, Moltrasio C, et al. Whole-exome sequencing in 10 unrelated patients with syndromic hidradenitis suppurativa: a preliminary step for a genotype-phenotype correlation. Dermatology. 2022;238(5):860–869.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marletta DA, Barei F, Moltrasio C, et al. A case of PASH syndrome treated with guselkumab. Int J Dermatol. 2023;62(11). Epub ahead of print. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16766
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li M, Xiang H, Liang Y, et al. Secukinumab for PASS syndrome: a new choice for therapeutic challenge? Dermatol Ther. 2022;35(7):e15507.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nikolakis G, Kreibich K, Vaiopoulos A, et al. Case report: psAPSASH syndrome: an alternative phenotype of syndromic hidradenitis suppurativa treated with the IL-17A inhibitor secukinumab. F1000Res. 2021;10:381.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Garzorz N, Papanagiotou V, Atenhan A, et al. Pyoderma gangrenosum, acne, psoriasis, arthritis and suppurative hidradenitis (PAPASH)-syndrome: a new entity within the spectrum of autoinflammatory syndromes? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2016;30(1):141–143.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Staub J, Pfannschmidt N, Strohal R, et al. Successful treatment of PASH syndrome with infliximab, cyclosporine and dapsone. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29(11):2243–2247.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang LL, Micheletti RG. Low-dose methotrexate as rescue therapy in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa and pyoderma gangrenosum developing human antichimeric antibodies to infliximab: a retrospective chart review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020;82(2):507–510.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moltrasio C, Tricarico PM, Moura R, et al. Clinical and molecular characterization of hidradenitis suppurativa: a practical framework for novel therapeutic targets. Dermatology. 2023;239(5):836–839. doi: 10.1159/000531496
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Der Sarkissian S, Hessam S, Kirby JS, et al. Identification of biomarkers and critical evaluation of biomarker validation in hidradenitis suppurativa: a systematic review. JAMA Dermatol. 2022 Mar 1;158(3):300–313. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2021.4926
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar