Noninvasive monitoring of hepatic steatosis: controlled attenuation parameter and magnetic resonance imaging-proton density fat fraction in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

References

• Bertot LC, Adams LA. The natural course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;744(17):1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Chalsani N, Younossi Z, Lavine JE, et al. The diagnosis andmanagement of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: practice guidance from the american association for the study of liver disease. Hepatology. 2018;67(1):328–351.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diehl AM, Day C. Cause, pathogenesis, and treatment ofnonalcoholic steatohepatitis. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(21):2063–2072.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milić S, Lulić D, Štimac. D. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity: biochemical, metabolic and clinical presentations. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(28):9330–9337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwimmer JB, Celedon MA, Lavine JE, et al. Heritability of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology. 2009;136:1585–1592.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Popkin BM, Doak CM. The obesity epidemic is a worldwide phenomenon. Nutr Rev. 1998;56(4):106–114.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Younossi ZM, Koenig AB, Abdelatif D, et al. Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: meta‐analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes. Hepatology. 2016;64(1):73–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bei L, Zhang C, Zhan Y-T. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease cirrhosis: a review of its epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and prognosis. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018;1–8:2018.
   Google Scholar
• Wong VW-S, Chan W-K, Chittur S, et al. Asia–pacific working party on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease guidelines 2017 – part 1: definition, risk factors and assessment. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018;33:70–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day CP, Dufour J-F, Canbay A, et al. EASL–EASD–EASO clinical practice guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol. 2016;64(6):1388–1402.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cleveland E, Bandy A, Van Wagner LB. Diagnostic challenges of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin Liver Dis. 2018;11(4):98–104.
   Google Scholar
• Lv S, Jiang S, Liu S, et al. Noninvasive quantitative detection methods of liver fat content in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Transl Hepatol. 2018;6:217–221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sumida Y, Nakajima A, Itoh Y. Limitations of liver biopsy and non-invasive diagnostic tests for the diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/ nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(2):475–485.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nalbantoglu I, Brunt EM. Role of liver biopsy in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(27):9026–9037.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chindamo MC, Nunes-Pannain VL, Araújo-Neto JM, et al. Intermediate fibrosis staging in hepatitis C: a problem not overcome by optimal samples or pathologists’ expertise. Ann Hepatol. 2015;14(5):652–657.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Younossi ZM, Loomba R, Rinella ME, et al. Current and future therapeutic regimens for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology. 2018;68(1):361–371.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Martino M, Pacifico L, Bezzi M, et al. Comparison of magnetic resonance spectroscopy, proton density fat fraction and histological analysis in the quantification of liver steatosis in children and adolescents. World J Gastroenterol. 2016;22:8812–8819.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Georgoff P, Thomasson D, Louie A, et al. Hydrogen-1 MR spectroscopy for measurement and diagnosis of hepatic steatosis. Am J Roentgenol. 2012;199:2–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang GH, Cruite I, Shiehmorteza M, et al. Reproducibility of MRI-determined proton density fat fraction across two different MR scanner platforms. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2011;34:928–934.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sasso M, Beaugrand M, de Ledinghen V. Controlled attenuation parameter(CAP; A novel VCTE-Guided ultrasonic attenuation measurement for the evaluation of hepatic steatosis: preliminary study and validation in a cohort of patients with chronic liver disease from various causes. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2010;36(11):1825–1835.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imajo K, Kessoku T, Honda Y, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging more accurately classifies steatosis and fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease than transient elastography. Gastroenterology. 2016;150:626–637.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foucher J, Castéra L, Bernard PH, et al. Prevalence and factors associated with failure of liver stiffness measurement using FibroScan in a prospective study of 2114 examinations. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;18(4):411–412.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Lédinghen V, Vergniol J, Foucher J, et al. Feasibility of liver transient elastography with FibroScan using a new probe for obese patients. Liver Int. 2010;30:1043–1048.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong VW, Vergniol J, Wong GL, et al. Liver stiffness measurement using XL probe in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2012;107:1862–1871.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen F, Zheng RD, Shi JP, et al. Impact of skin capsulardistance on the performance of controlled attenuation parameter in patients withchronic liver disease. Liver Int. 2015;35:2392–2400.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brunt EM, Janney CG, Di Bisceglie AM, et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a proposal for grading and staging the histological lesions. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999;94(9):2467–2474.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi K-Q, Tang J-Z, Zhu X-L, et al. Controlled attenuation parameter for the detection of steatosis severity in chronic liver disease: A meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;29:1149–1158.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Fan Q, Wang T, et al. Controlled attenuation parameter for assessment of hepatic steatosis grades: a diagnostic meta-analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015;8(10):17654–17663.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Lédinghen V, Wong GL-H, Vergniol J, et al. Controlled attenuation parameter for the diagnosis of steatosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016;31:848–855.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlas, T, Petroff, D, Sasso M, et al. Individual patient data meta-analysis of controlled attenuation parameter(CAP) technology for assessing steatosis. J Hepatol. 2017;66:1022–1030.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrade P, Rodrigues S, Rodrigues-Pinto E. Diagnostic accuracy of controlled attenuation parameter for detecting hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic liver disease. Port J Gastroenterol. 2017;24:161–168.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Arslanow A, Teutsch M, Walle H, et al. Short-term hypocaloric high-fiber and high-protein diet improves hepatic steatosis assessed by controlled attenuation parameter. Clin Transl Gastroenterol. 2016;7:1–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rezende REF, Duarte SMB, Stefano JT, et al. Randomized clinical trial: benefits of aerobic physical activity for 24 weeks in postmenopausal women with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J North Am Menopause Soc. 2016;23(8):876–883.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paul J, Venugopal RV, Petter L, et al. Measurement of controlled attenuation parameter: a surrogate marker of hepatic steatosis in patients of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on lifestyle modification: a prospective follow-up study. Arch Gastroenterol. 2018;55(1):7–13.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lee Y-H, Kim JH, Kim SR, et al. Lobeglitazone, a novel thiazolidinedione, improves non- alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetes: its efficacy and predictive factors related to responsiveness. J Korean Med Sci. 2017;32:60–69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honda Y, Kessoku T, Sumida Y, et al. Efficacy of glutathione for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an open-label, single-arm, multicenter, pilot study. BMC Gastroenterol. 2017;17(96):1–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Miyake T, Yoshida S, Furukawa S, et al. Ipragliflozin ameliorates liver damage in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Open Med. 2018;13:402–409.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimizu M, Suzuki K, Kato K, et al. Evaluation of the effects of dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis using transient elastography in patients with type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Diabetes Obesity Metab. 2019;21(2):285–292.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leite NC, Viegas BB, Villela-Nogueira CA, et al. Efficacy of diacerein in reducing liver steatosis and fibrosis in patients with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Diabetes Obesity Metab. 2019;21:1266–1270.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Park CC, Nguyen P, Hernandez C, et al. Magnetic resonance elastography vs transient elastography in detection of fibrosis and noninvasive measurement of steatosis in patients with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology. 2017;152:598–607.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caussy C, Alquiraish MH, Nguyen P, et al. Optimal threshold of controlled attenuation parameter with MRI-PDFF as the gold standard for the detection of hepatic steatosis. Hepatology. 2018;67(4):1348–1359.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parambir S. Dulai, Claude B. Sirlin, Rohit Loomba. MRI and MRE for non-invasive quantitative assessment of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in NAFLD and NASH: clinical trials to clinical practice. J Hepatol. 2016;65:1006–1016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caussy C, Reeder SB, Sirlin CB, et al. Noninvasive, quantitative assessment of liver fat by MRI-PDFF as an endpoint in NASH trials. Hepatology. 2018;68(2):763–772.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Permutt Z, Le TA, Peterson MR, et al. Correlation between liver histology and novel magnetic resonance imaging in adult patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: MRI accurately quantifies hepatic steatosis in NAFLD. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2012;36:22–29.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Middleton MS, Heba ER, Hooker CA, et al. Agreement between magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction measurements and pathologist-assigned steatosis grades of liver biopsies from adults with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Gastroenterology. 2017;153(3):753–761.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang A, Tan J, Sun M, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: MR imaging of liver proton density fat fraction to assess hepatic steatosis. Radiology. 2013;267:422–443.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Idilman IS, Aniktar H, Idilman R, et al. Hepatic steatosis: quantification by proton density fat fraction with MR imaging vs. liver biopsy. Radiology. 2013;267:767–775.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patel NS, Doycheva I, Peterson MR, et al. Effect of weight loss on magnetic resonance imaging estimation of liver fat and volume in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;13:561–568.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mouzaki M, Trout AT, Arce-Clachar AC, et al. Assessment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression in children using magnetic resonance imaging. J Pediatr. 2018;201:86–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chalasani N, Vuppalanchi R, Rinella M, et al. Randomised clinical trial: a leucine-metformin-sildenafil combination (NS-0200) vs placebo in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2018;47:1639–1651.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuchay MS, Krishan S, Mishra SK, et al. Effect of empagliflozin on liver fat in patients with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial (E-LIFT Trial). Diabetes Care. 2018;41:1801–1808.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le T-A, Chen J, Changchien C, et al. Effect of colesevelam on liver fat quantified by magnetic resonance in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a randomized controlled trial. Hepatology. 2012;56:922–932.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loomba R, Sirlin CB, Ang B, et al. Ezetimibe for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: assessment by novel magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance elastography in a randomized trial (MOZART Trial). Hepatology. 2015;61:1239–1250.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loomba R, Lawitz E, Mantry PS, et al. The ASK1 inhibitor selonsertib in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a randomized, phase 2 trial. Hepatology. 2018;67:549–559.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jayakumar S, Middleton MS, Lawitz EJ, et al. Longitudinal correlations between MRE, MRI-PDFF, and liver histology in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: analysis of data from a phase II trial of selonsertib. J Hepatol. 2019;70:133–141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar