References
- Thia KT, Sandborn WJ, Harmsen WS, et al. Risk factors associated with progression to intestinal complications of Crohn’s disease in a population-based Cohort. Gastroenterology. 2010;139(4):1147–1155.
- Peyrin-Biroulet L, Loftus EV, Colombel JF, et al. The natural history of adult Crohn’s disease in population-based cohorts. Am J Gastroenterol. 2010;105(2):289–297.
- Bernstein CN, Loftus EV, Ng SC, et al. Hospitalisations and surgery in Crohn’s disease. Gut. 2012;61(4):622–629.
- Frolkis AD, Dykeman J, Negrón ME, et al. Risk of surgery for inflammatory bowel diseases has decreased over time: A systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies. Gastroenterology. 2013;145(5):996–1006.
- Peyrin-Biroulet L, Loftus EV, Colombel JF, et al. Long-term complications, extraintestinal manifestations, and mortality in adult Crohn’s disease in population-based cohorts. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2011;17(1):471–478.
- Magro F, Rodrigues A, Vieira AI, et al. Review of the disease course among adult ulcerative colitis population-based longitudinal cohorts. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2012;18(3):573–583.
- Torres J, Billioud V, Sachar DB, et al. Ulcerative colitis as a progressive disease: the forgotten evidence. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2012;18(7):1356–1363.
- Jess T, Simonsen J, Jorgensen KT, et al. Decreasing risk of colorectal cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease over 30 years. Gastroenterology. 2012;143(2):375–381.e1.
- Vester-Andersen MK, Prosberg MV, Jess T, et al. Disease course and surgery rates in inflammatory bowel disease: A population-based, 7-year follow-up study in the era of immunomodulating therapy. Am J Gastroenterol. 2014;109(5):705–714..
- De Cruz P, Kamm MA, Prideaux L, et al. Mucosal healing in Crohn’s disease: A systematic review. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2013;19(2):429–444.
- Travis S, Feagan BG, Rutgeerts P, et al. The future of inflammatory bowel disease management: combining progress in trial design with advances in targeted therapy. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2012;6:S250-S259.
- D’Haens G, Baert F, van Assche G, et al. Early combined immunosuppression or conventional management in patients with newly diagnosed Crohn’s disease: an open randomised trial. Lancet. 2008;371(9613):660–667.
- Ordás I, Feagan BG, Sandborn WJ. Early use of immunosuppressives or TNF antagonists for the treatment of Crohn’s disease: time for a change. Gut. 2011;60(12):1754–1763.
- Zallot C, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Deep remission in inflammatory bowel disease: looking beyond symptoms. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2013;15. 10.1007/s11894-013-0315-7
- Frøslie KF, Jahnsen J, Moum BA, et al. Mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease: results from a Norwegian population-based Cohort. Gastroenterology. 2007;133(2):412–422.
- Pineton De Chambrun G, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Lémann M, et al. Clinical implications of mucosal healing for the management of IBD. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010;7:15–29.
- Schnitzler F, Fidder H, Ferrante M, et al. Mucosal healing predicts long-term outcome of maintenance therapy with infliximab in Crohn’s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2009;15(9):1295–1301.
- Allocca M, Danese S, Laurent V, et al. Use of cross-sectional imaging for tight monitoring of inflammatory bowel diseases. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;18(6):1309–1323.e4.
- Tielbeek JAW, Löwenberg M, Bipat S, et al. Serial magnetic resonance imaging for monitoring medical therapy effects in Crohn’s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2013;19:1943–1950.
- Saade C, Nasr L, Sharara A, et al. Crohn’s disease: A retrospective analysis between computed tomography enterography, colonoscopy, and histopathology. Radiography. 2019;25(4):349–358.
- Panés J, Bouzas R, Chaparro M, et al. Systematic review: the use of ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis, assessment of activity and abdominal complications of Crohn’s disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011;34(2):125–145.
- Rimola J, Ordás I, Rodriguez S, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of Crohn’s disease: validation of parameters of severity and quantitative index of activity. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 2011. 17(8):1759–1768.
- Rimola J, Rodriguez S, García-Bosch O, et al. Magnetic resonance for assessment of disease activity and severity in ileocolonic Crohn’s disease. Gut. 2009;58(8):1113–1120.
- Ordás I, Rimola J, Rodríguez S, et al. Accuracy of magnetic resonance enterography in assessing response to therapy and mucosal healing in patients with Crohn’s disease. Gastroenterology. 2014;146(2):374–382.e1.
- Castiglione F, Testa A, Rea M, et al. Transmural healing evaluated by bowel sonography in patients with Crohn’s disease on maintenance treatment with biologics. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2013;19:1928–1934.
- Paredes JM, Ripollés T, Cortés X, et al. Abdominal sonographic changes after antibody to tumor necrosis factor (Anti-TNF) alpha therapy in Crohn’s disease. Digestive Dis Sci. 2010;55(2):404–410.
- Eder P, Łykowska-Szuber L, Katulska K, et al. Intestinal healing after anti-TNF induction therapy predicts long-term response to one-year treatment in patients with ileocolonic Crohn’s disease naive to anti-TNF agents. Prz Gastroenterol. 2016;11(3):187–193.
- Deepak P, Fletcher JG, Fidler JL, et al. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance enterography in Crohn’s disease: assessment of radiologic criteria and endpoints for clinical practice and trials. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2016;22(9):2280–2288.
- Castiglione F, Mainenti P, Testa A, et al. Cross-sectional evaluation of transmural healing in patients with Crohn’s disease on maintenance treatment with anti-TNF alpha agents. Dig Liver Dis. 2017;49:484–489.
- Zorzi F, Stasi E, Bevivino G, et al. A sonographic lesion index for Crohn’s disease helps monitor changes in transmural bowel damage during therapy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;12(12):2071–2077.
- Civitelli F, Nuti F, Oliva S, et al. Looking beyond Mucosal healing: effect of biologic therapy on transmural healing in pediatric Crohn’s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2016;22(10):2418–2424.
- Weinstein-Nakar I, Focht G, Church P, et al. Associations among mucosal and transmural healing and fecal level of calprotectin in children with Crohn’s disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018;16:1089–1097.e4.
- Thierry ML, Rousseau H, Pouillon L, et al. Accuracy of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in detecting mucosal healing and treatment response, and in predicting surgery, in Crohn’s disease. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2018;12:1180–1190.
- Sauer CG, Middleton JP, McCracken C, et al. Magnetic resonance enterography healing and magnetic resonance enterography remission predicts improved outcome in pediatric Crohn disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2016;62:378–383.
- Fernandes SR, Rodrigues RV, Bernardo S, et al. Transmural healing is associated with improved long-term outcomes of patients with Crohn’s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2017;23(8):1403–1409.
- Laterza L, Piscaglia AC, Minordi LM, et al. Multiparametric evaluation predicts different mid-term outcomes in Crohn’s disease. Dig Dis. 2018;36(3):184–193.
- Hallé E, Mustapha A, Duveau N, et al. Radiological response is associated with better outcomes and should be considered a therapeutic target in Crohn’s disease. Dig Dis Sci. [published online ahead of print, 2019 Dec 6]
- Ripollés T, Paredes JM, Martínez-Pérez MJ, et al. Ultrasonographic changes at 12 weeks of anti-TNF drugs predict 1-year sonographic response and clinical outcome in Crohn’s disease: a multicenter study. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2016;22:2465–2473.
- Orlando S, Fraquelli M, Coletta M, et al. Ultrasound elasticity imaging predicts therapeutic outcomes of patients with Crohn’s disease treated with anti-tumour necrosis factor antibodies. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2018;12:63–70.
- Castiglione F, Imperatore N, Testa A, et al. One-year clinical outcomes with biologics in Crohn’s disease: transmural healing compared with mucosal or no healing. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2019;49(8):1026–1039..
- Paredes JM, Moreno N, Latorre P, et al. Clinical impact of sonographic transmural healing after anti-TNF antibody treatment in patients with Crohn’s disease. Dig Dis Sci. 2019;64:2600–2606.
- Peyrin-Biroulet L, Sandborn W, Sands BE, et al. Selecting Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (STRIDE): determining therapeutic goals for treat-to-target. Am J Gastroenterol. 2015;110:1324–1338.
- Cucchiara S, Arcangelo GD, Isoldi S, et al. Mucosal healing in Crohn’s disease: new insights. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;14(5):335–345.
- Van Assche G, Herrmann KA, Louis E, et al. Effects of infliximab therapy on transmural lesions as assessed by magnetic resonance enteroclysis in patients with ileal Crohn’s disease. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2013;7:950–957.
- Naganuma M, Okuda S, Hisamatsu T, et al. Findings of ulceration and severe stricture on MRE can predict prognosis of Crohn’s disease in patients treated with anti-TNF treatment. Abdom Radiol. 2017;42(1):141–151.
- Fiorino G, Morin M, Bonovas S, et al. Prevalence of bowel damage assessed by cross-sectional imaging in early Crohn’s Disease and its impact on disease outcome. J Crohns Colitis. 2017;11(3):274–280.
- Jess T, Riis L, Vind I, et al. Changes in clinical characteristics, course, and prognosis of inflammatory bowel disease during the last 5 decades: A population-based study from Copenhagen, Denmark. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2007;13(4):481–489..
- Jeuring SFG, Van Den Heuvel TRA, Liu LYL, et al. Improvements in the long-term outcome of Crohn’s disease over the past two decades and the relation to changes in medical management: results from the population-based IBDSL Cohort. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017;112(2):325–336.
- Allocca M, Fiorino G, Bonifacio C, et al. Noninvasive multimodal methods to differentiate inflamed vs fibrotic strictures in patients with Crohn’s disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;17(12):2397–2415.
- Rispo A, Imperatore N, Testa A, et al. Combined endoscopic/sonographic-based risk matrix model for predicting one-year risk of surgery: A prospective observational study of a tertiary centre severe/refractory Crohn’s disease cohort. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2018;12(7):784–793.
- Yuksel I, Kilincalp S, Coskun Y, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of intestinal ultrasound and magnetic resonance enterography for the detection of endoscopy-based disease activity in ileocolonic Crohn’s disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;31:809–816.
- Moreno N, Ripollés T, Paredes JM, et al. Usefulness of abdominal ultrasonography in the analysis of endoscopic activity in patients with Crohn’s disease: changes following treatment with immunomodulators and/or anti-TNF antibodies. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2014;8:1079–1087.
- Rispo A, Imperatore N, Testa A, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in the detection of postsurgical recurrence in Crohn’s disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2018 Apr 23;24(5):977–988.