“Talk to me, not at me”: obese women’s experiences of birth and their encounter with birth attendants—a qualitative study

References

• Adolfsson, A., Andresen, J. F., & Edgren, K. B. (2013). Why obese women feel better about their “big” condition when they are pregnant: A qualitative study performed in Sweden. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 03(7), 544–10. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojog.2013.37098
   Google Scholar
• Atkinson, S., & McNamara, P. M. (2017). Unconscious collusion: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the maternity care experiences of women with obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m²). Midwifery, 49, 54–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2016.12.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berg, M. A. (2005). Midwifery model of care for childbearing women at high risk: Genuine caring in caring for the genuine. Journal of Perinatal Education, 14(1), 9–21. https://doi.org/10.1624/105812405x23577
   Google Scholar
• Bombak, A. E., McPhail, D., & Ward, P. (2016). Reproducing stigma: Interpreting “overweight” and “obese” women’s experiences of weight-based discrimination in reproductive healthcare. Social Science and Medicine, 166, 94–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.08.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, I., Thompson, J., Tod, A., & Jones, G. (2006). Primary care support for tackling obesity: A qualitative study of the perceptions of obese patients. British Journal of General Practice, 56(530), 666–672. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1876632/pdf/bjpg56-666.pdf
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook, K. M., LaMarre, A., Rice, C., & Friedman, M. (2019). “This isn’t a high-risk body”: Reframing risk and reducing weight stigma in midwifery practice. Canadian Journal of Midwifery Research and Practice, 18(1), 26–34.
   Google Scholar
• Furber, C. M., & McGowan, L. (2011). A qualitative study of the experiences of women who are obese and pregnant in the UK. Midwifery, 27(4), 437–444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2010.04.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giorgi, A. (2009). The descriptive phenomenological method in psychology: A modified Husserlian approach. Duquesne University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Heslehurst, N., Lang, R., Rankin, J., Wilkinson, J., & Summerbell, C. (2007). Obesity in pregnancy: A study of the impact of maternal obesity on NHS maternity services. BJOG, 114(3), 334–342. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.01230.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Husserl, E. (1960). Cartesian meditations: An introduction to phenomenology. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• International Confederation of Midwifes. (2014). International code of ethics for midwives. Author. Retrieved from: https://www.internationalmidwives.org/our-work/policy-and-practice/international-code-of-ethics-for-midwives.html
   Google Scholar
• Lindhardt, C. L., Rubak, S., Mogensen, O., Lamont, R. F., & Joergensen, J. S. (2013). The experience of pregnant women with a body mass index >30 kg/m 2 of their encounters with healthcare professionals. Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 92(9), 1101–1107. https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.12186
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lingetun, L., Fungbrant, M., Claesson, I. M., & Baggens, C. (2017). 'I just want to be normal’ – A qualitative study of pregnant women’s blogs who present themselves as overweight or obese. Midwifery, 49, 65–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2017.01.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundgren, I., & Berg, M. (2007). Central concepts in the midwife–woman relationship. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 21(2), 220–228. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6712.2007.00460.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundgren, I., Karlsdottir, S. I., & Bondas, T. (2009). Long-term memories and experiences of childbirth in a nordic context—a secondary analysis. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being, 4(2), 115–128. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482620802423414
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magnussen, E. B., Sagedal, L., Skogøy, K., & Roland, M. C. P. (n.d.) Adipositas i svangerskap og fødsel. Norsk Gynekologisk Forening. 'Retrieved from: https://www.legeforeningen.no/foreningsledd/fagmed/norsk-gynekologisk-forening/veiledere/ny-veileder-i-fodselshjelp-hoering/adipositas-i-svangerskap-og-fodsel/
   Google Scholar
• Marchi, J., Berg, M., Dencker, A., Olander, E. K., & Begley, C. (2015). Risks associated with obesity in pregnancy, for the mother and baby: A systematic review of reviews. Obesity Reviews, 16(8), 621–638. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12288
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merleau-Ponty, M. (2012). Phenomenology of perception. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Merrill, E., & Grassley, J. (2008). Women’s stories of their experiences as overweight patients. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 64(2), 139–146. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04794.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Midthjell, K., Lee, C. M. Y., Langhammer, A., Krokstad, S., Holmen, T. L., Hveem, K., … & Holmen, J. (2013). Trends in overweight and obesity over 22 years in a large adult population: The HUNT study, Norway. Clinical Obesity, 3(1–2), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/cob.12009
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Morley, J. (2010). It’s always about the epoché. Les Collectifs Du Cirp, 1(édition spéciale), 223–232. http://www.cirp.uqam.ca/CIRP/20-Morley.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Mulherin, K., Miller, Y. D., Barlow, F. K., Diedrichs, P. C., & Thompson, R. (2013). Weight stigma in maternity care: Women’s experiences and care providers’ attitudes. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 13, 19. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471–2393-13-19
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyman, V. M. K., Prebensen, Å. K., & Flensner, G. E. M. (2010). Obese women’s experiences of encounters with midwives and physicians during pregnancy and childbirth. Midwifery, 26(4), 424–429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2008.10.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2017). Obesity update 2017. Author. Retrieved from: www.oecd.org/health/obesity-update.htm
   Google Scholar
• Olza, I., Leahy-Warren, P., Benyamini, Y., Kazmierczak, M., Karlsdottir, S. I., Spyridou, A., … & Jonsdottir, S. S. (2018). Women’s psychological experiences of physiological childbirth: A meta-synthesis. BMJ Open, 8(10), e020347. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020347
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pasient- og Brukerrettighetsloven. (1999). Lov om pasient- og brukerrettigheter (LOV-1999-07-02-63). Lovdata. Retrieved from: https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/1999-07-02-63
   Google Scholar
• Puhl, R. M., & Heuer, C. A. (2010). Obesity stigma: Important considerations for public health. American Journal of Public Health, 100(6), 1019–1028. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2009.159491
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmied, V. A., Duff, M., Dahlen, H. G., Mills, A. E., & Kolt, G. S. (2011). “Not waving but drowning”: A study of the experiences and concerns of midwives and other health professionals caring for obese childbearing women. Midwifery, 27(4), 424–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2010.02.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singleton, G., & Furber, C. (2014). The experiences of midwives when caring for obese women in labour: A qualitative study. Midwifery, 30(1), 103–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2013.02.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, D., & Lavender, T. (2011). The maternity experience for women with a body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2: A meta-synthesis. BJOG, 118(7), 779–789. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2011.02924.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stein, E. (1989). On the problem of empathy (Vol. 3). ICS Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Thagaard, T. (2018). Systematikk og innlevelse: En innføring i kvalitative metoder (5th ed.). Fagbokforlaget.
   Google Scholar
• Ueland, V., Furnes, B., Dysvik, E., & Rørtveit, K. (2019). Living with obesity—existential experiences. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being, 14(1), 1651171. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482631.2019.1651171
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Medical Association. (2013). World medical association declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA, 310(20), 2191–2194. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.281053
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2018). Intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience. Author. Retrieved from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/260178/1/9789241550215-eng.pdf?ua=1%0Ahttp://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/intrapartum-care-guidelines/en/
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2020). Obesity and overweight. Author. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
   Google Scholar