Social protection ‘from below’: micro traders and their collective associations in Tanzania

Bibliography

• Adesina, Jimi O. “Beyond the Social Protection Paradigm: Social Policy in Africa’s Development.” Canadian Journal of Development Studies 32, no. 4 (2011): 454–470.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alfers, Laura, and Rachel Moussié. “Social Dialogue Towards More Inclusive Social Protection: Informal Workers & the Struggle for a New Social Contract”. Paper presented at the ILO 6th Conference of the Regulating for Decent Work Network, Geneva, July 8–10, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Awortwi, Nicholas, and Gregor Walter-Drop. eds. Non-state Social Protection Actors and Services in Africa: Governance Below the State. New York: Routledge, 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Babere, Nelly John. “Struggle for Space: Appropriation and Regulation of Prime Locations in Sustaining Informal Livelihoods in Dar es Salaam city, Tanzania.” PhD diss., University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Barrientos, Armando. “Social Protection and Poverty.” Social Policy and Development Programme Paper No. 42, UNRISD, 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Beegle, Kathleen, Aline Coudouel, and Emma Monsalve. eds. Realizing the Full Potential of Social Safety Nets in Africa. Washington, DC: World Bank Group, 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Bernards, Nick. “The Global Governance of Informal Economies: The International Labour Organization in East Africa.” Third World Quarterly 38, no. 8 (2017): 1831–1846.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, Alison, Michal Lyons, and Ibrahima Dankoco. “Street Traders and the Emerging Spaces for Urban Voice and Citizenship in African Cities.” Urban Studies 47, no. 3 (2009): 666–683.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, Alison, Peter Mackie, Alastair Smith, and Colman Msoka. “Financial Inclusion and Microfinance in Tanzania. Inclusive Growth: Tanzania Country Report.” ESRC & DFID, March 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Calder, Rebecca, and Tom Tanhchareun. “Informal Social Protection: Social Relations and Cash Transfers.” Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Commonwealth of Australia, 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Carré, Françoise, Pat Horn, and Chris Bonner. “Collective Bargaining by Informal Workers in the Global South: Where and How it Takes Place.” WIEGO Working Paper No. 38, Durban, 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, Martha Alter. “The Informal Economy: Definitions, Theories and Polices.” WIEGO Working Paper No. 1, August 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Deacon, Bob. Global Social Policy in the Making: The Foundations of the Social Protection Floor. Bristol: The Policy Press, 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Devereux, Stephen, and Rachel Sabates-Wheeler. “Transformative Social Protection.” IDS Working Paper 232, Brighton, 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Du Toit, Andries, and David Neves. “The Government of Poverty and the Arts of Survival: Mobile and Recombinant Strategies at the Margins of the South.” The Journal of Peasant Studies 41, no. 4 (2014): 833–853.
   Google Scholar
• Fisher, Gundula. “Power Repertoires and the Transformation of Tanzanian Trade Unions.” Global Labour Journal 2, no. 2 (2011): 125–147.
   Google Scholar
• Flick, Uwe. Doing Triangulation and Mixed Methods. London: Sage, 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Gentilini, Ugo, and Steven Were Omamo. “Social Protection 2.0: Exploring Issues, Evidence and Debates in a Globalizing World.” Food Policy 36 (2011): 329–340.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hickey, Sam, and Jeremy Seekings. “The Global Politics of Social Protection.” WIDER Working Paper 2017/115, Helsinki, The United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER), 2017. doi:10.35188/UNU-WIDER/2017/339-4.
   Google Scholar
• Hickey, Sam, Tom Lavers, Miguel Niño-Zarazúa, and Jeremy Seekings. eds. The Politics of Social Protection in Eastern and Southern Africa. WIDER Studies in Development Economics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Holland, Alisha C. Forbearance as Redistribution: The Politics of Informal Welfare in Latin America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Integrated Labour Force Survey (ILFS). “Integrated Labour Force Survey 2014: Tanzania Mainland 2014.” ILFS, 2015. https://www.nbs.go.tz/tnada/index.php/catalog/31.
   Google Scholar
• Jongh, Lennert. “Beyond Associations: Emerging Spaces of Self-Organization Among Vendors in Zambia.” Journal of Eastern African Studies 14, no. 3 (2020): 455–472.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kilonzo, R., L. Mwinuka, and R. Macha. “Social protection schemes for the informal sector's workers: The case of health insurance in Tanzania” SECO Working Paper, Forthcoming.
   Google Scholar
• Kumar, Sachin, and Arbind Singh. “Securing, Leveraging and Sustaining Power for Street Vendors in India.” Global Labour Journal 9, no. 2 (2018): 135–149.
   Google Scholar
• Lavers, Tom, and Sam Hickey. “Alternative Routes to the Institutionalisation of Social Transfers in Sub-Saharan Africa: Political Survival Strategies and Transnational Policy Coalitions.” ESID Working Paper No. 138, Manchester, 2020. www.effective-states.or.
   Google Scholar
• Lindell, Ilda. “Introduction: The Changing Politics of Informality – Collective Organizing, Alliances and Scale of Engagement.” In Africa’s Informal Workers: Collective Agency, Alliances and Transnational Organizing in Urban Africa, edited by Ilda Lindell, 1–33. London: Zed Books, 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Lyons, Michal, Alison Brown, and Colman Msoka. “Do Micro Enterprises Benefit from the ‘Doing Business’ Reforms? The Case of Street-Vending in Tanzania.” Urban Studies 51, no. 8 (2014): 1593–1612.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyons, Michal, and Colman Titus Msoka. “The World Bank and the Street: (how) do ‘Doing Business’ Reforms Affect Tanzania’s Micro-Traders?” Urban Studies 47, no. 5 (2010): 1079–1097.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masabo, Juliana. “Informality and Social Insurance in East Africa: An Assessment of the Law and Practice.” In Social Security Outside of the Realm of the Employment Contract: Informal Work and Wmployee-Like Workers, edited by Mies Westerveld, and Marius Olivier, 177–200. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Mbekeani, K. “Health Sector Reforms: Tanzania’s Health Policy Strategy to Increase Access to Care and Improve Health.” Medicine and Law 28 (2009): 167–179.
   Google Scholar
• Meagher, K. Identity Economics: Social Networks and the Informal Economy in Nigeria. Suffolk: Boydell and Brewer, 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Mills, Anne, Mariam Ally, Jane Goudge, John Gyapong, and Gemini Mtei. “Progress Towards Universal Coverage: The Health Systems of Ghana, South Africa and Tanzania.” Health Policy and Planning 27 (2012): i4–i12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ministry of Health and Social Services. Tanzania Health Financing Strategy 2015–2025: Path Towards Universal Health Coverage: 3rd Draft. Dar es Salaam: Ministry of Health and Social Services, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Mkandawire, Thandika. “Transformative Social Policy and Innovation in Developing Countries.” The European Journal of Development Research 19, no. 1 (2007): 13–29.
   Google Scholar
• National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF). “Presentation.” Dar es Salaam, April 2018.
   Google Scholar
• National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF). “NHIF Facts and Figures Financial Year 2017/2018.” NHIF, 2018. http://nhif.or.tz/uploads/publications/en1564738202-NHIF%20Fact%20Sheet%202017-18-FINAL.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Olivier, Marius. “Social Security Protection for Informal Economy Workers: Developing World Perspectives.” In Social Security Outside of the Realm of the Employment Contract: Informal Work and Employee-Like Workers, edited by Mies Westerveld, and Marius Olivier, 2–29. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and International Labour Organization (OECD/ILO). “Tackling Vulnerability in the Informal Economy.” Development Centre Studies, OECD Publishing, 2019. doi:10.1787/939b7bcd-en.
   Google Scholar
• Pedersen, Rasmus Hundsbaek, and Thabit Jacob. “Social Protection in an Electorally Competitive Environment (2): The Politics of Health Insurance in Tanzania.” ESID Working Paper No. 110, Manchester, November 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Riisgaard, L. “What is a Worker? Framing People in the Informal Economy as Part of the Trade Union Constituency: A Study of Organising Efforts in Kenya and Tanzania.” Global Labour Journal 13, no. 2 (2022): 209–228.
   Google Scholar
• Riisgaard, L. “Worker Organisation and Social Protection amongst Informal Petty Traders in Tanzania. Roskilde Universitet.” CAE Working Paper Nr. 2020:4, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Riisgaard, L., W. V. Mitullah, and N. Torm. eds. Social Protection and Informal Workers in Sub-Saharan Africa: Lived Realities and Associational Experiences from Tanzania and Kenya. London: Routledge, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Rizzo, M. “‘Life is War’: Informal Transport Workers and Neoliberalism in Tanzania 1998-2009.” Development and Change 42, no. 5 (2011): 1179–1205.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rizzo, M. Taken For A Ride: Grounding Neoliberalism, Precarious Labour, and Public Transport in and African Metropolis. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Roever, Sally. Informal Economy Monitoring Study Sector Report: Street Vendors. Cambridge, MA: WIEGO, 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Rwegoshora, Hossea M. Social Security Challenges in Tanzania: Transforming the Present, Protecting the Future. Dar es Salaam: Mkuki na Nyota Publishers, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Shigute, Zemzem, Christopher Strupat, Franceso Burchi, Getnet Alemu, and Arjun S. Bedi. “Linking Social Protection Schemes: The Joint Effects of a Public Works and a Health Insurance Programme in Ethiopia.” Journal of Development Studies 56, no. 2 (2020): 431–448.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simpson, Joshua P. “Do Donors Matter Most? An Analysis of Conditional Cash Transfer Adoption in Sub-Saharan Africa.” Global Social Policy 18, no. 2 (2017): 143–168.
   Google Scholar
• Skinner, Caroline. “Street Trade in Africa: A Review.” WIEGO Working Paper No. 51, October 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Steiler, Ilona. “What’s in a Word? The Conceptual Politics of ‘Informal’ Street Trade in Dar es Salaam.” Journal of Urban Research 17–18 (2018): E1661–E4941.
   Google Scholar
• Tripp, A. M. Changing the Rules: The Politics of Liberalisation and the Urban Informal Economy in Tanzania. Oakland: University of California Press, 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Tsuruta, Tadasu. “African Imaginations of Moral Economy: Notes on Indigenous Economic Concepts and Practices in Tanzania.” African Studies Quarterly 9, no. 1–2 (2006): 103–121.
   Google Scholar
• United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Informality and Social Protection in African Countries: A Forward-Looking Assessment of Contributory Schemes. New York, NY: UNDP, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The State of Social Assistance in Africa. New York, NY: UNDP, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• United Republic of Tanzania. “National Social Protection Framework.” Dar es Salaam, October 28, 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, Huihui, Mariam Ally Juma, Nicolas Rosemberg, and Mpoki M. Ulisubisya. “Progressive Pathway to Universal Health Coverage in Tanzania: A Call for Preferential Resource Allocation Targeting the Poor.” Health Systems & Reform 4, no. 4 (2018): 279–283.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zollmann, Julie. Living on Little: Navigating Financial Scarcity in Modern Kenya. Rugby: Practical Action Publishing, 2020.
   Google Scholar