Evaluating healthcare workers’ current isolation gown design features and maintenance practices for their safety and protection

References

• Abreu, I., Ribeiro, P., & Abreu, M. J. (2017). The issue of thermal comfort of medical clothing in the operating room. Dyna, 84(200), 234–239.
   Google Scholar
• Adams, P. S., Slocum, A. C., & Keyserling, W. M. (1994). A model for protective clothing effects on performance. International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, 6(4), 6–16.
   Google Scholar
• Agresti, A. (2007). An introduction to categorical data analysis. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Branson, D. H., & Sweeney, M. (1991). Conceptualization and measurement of clothing comfort: Toward a metatheory. In S. Kaiser, & M. L. Damhorst (Eds.), Critical linkages in textiles and clothing: Theory, method and practice (pp. 94–105). Monument, CO: International Textile and Apparel Association.
   Google Scholar
• Burden, M., Cervantes, L., Weed, D., Keniston, A., Price, C. S., & Albert, R. K. (2011). Newly cleaned physician uniforms and infrequently washed white coats have similar rates of bacterial contamination after an 8-hour workday: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Hospital Medicine, 6(4), 177–182.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butler, D. L., Major, Y., Bearman, G., & Edmond, M. B. (2010). Transmission of nosocomial pathogens by white coats: An in-vitro model. Journal of Hospital Infection, 75(2), 137–138.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao, W., & Cloud, R. M. (2011). Balancing comfort and function in textiles worn by medical personnel. In G. Song (Ed.), Improving comfort in clothing (pp. 370–384). Cambridge, UK: Woodhead Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015). Background g. laundry and bedding. https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/environmental/background/laundry.html#g4
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). PPE sequence. https://www.cdc.gov/hai/pdfs/ppe/ppe-sequence.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Ciotti, M., Ciccozzi, M., Terrinoni, A., Jiang, W. C., Wang, C. B., & Bernardini, S. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic. Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, 57(6), 365–388.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, J., & van der Meulen Rodgers, Y. (2020). Contributing factors to personal protective equipment shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic. Preventive Medicine, 75, 106263.
   Google Scholar
• Cook, T. M. (2020). Personal protective equipment during the coronavirus disease (COVID) 2019 pandemic – A narrative review. Anaesthesia, 75(7), 920–927.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drews, F. A., Mulvey, D., Stratford, K., Samore, M. H., & Mayer, J. (2019). Evaluation of a redesigned personal protective equipment gown. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 69(Supplement_3), S199–S205.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gurses, A. P., Dietz, A. S., Nowakowski, E., Andonian, J., Schiffhauer, M., Billman, C., & Xie, A. (2019). Human factors–based risk analysis to improve the safety of doffing enhanced personal protective equipment. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 40(2), 178–186.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Herlihey, T. A., Gelmi, S., Flewwelling, C. J., Hall, T. N., Bañez, C., Morita, P. P., … Hota, S. (2016). Personal protective equipment for infectious disease preparedness: A human factors evaluation. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 37(9), 1022–1028.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houlihan, C. F., McGowan, C. R., Dicks, S., Baguelin, M., Moore, D. A., Mabey, D., & Glynn, J. R. (2017). Ebola exposure, illness experience, and Ebola antibody prevalence in international responders to the West African Ebola epidemic 2014–2016: A cross-sectional study. PLoS Medicine, 14(5), e1002300.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huck, J. (1991). Restriction to movement in fire-fighter protective clothing: Evaluation of alternative sleeves and liners. Applied Ergonomics, 22(2), 91–100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hulett, D. M., Bendick, M., Thomas, S. Y., & Moccio, F. (2008). A national report card on women in firefighting. Madison, WI: International Association of Women in Fire & Emergency Services.
   Google Scholar
• Kang, J., O'Donnell, J. M., Colaianne, B., Bircher, N., Ren, D., & Smith, K. J. (2017). Use of personal protective equipment among health care personnel: Results of clinical observations and simulations. American Journal of Infection Control, 45(1), 17–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karim, N., Afroj, S., Lloyd, K., Oaten, L. C., Andreeva, D. V., Carr, C., … Novoselov, K. S. (2020). Sustainable personal protective clothing for healthcare applications: A review. ACS NANO, 14(10), 12313–12340.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kilinc, F. S. (2015). A review of isolation gowns in healthcare: Fabric and gown properties. Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics, 10(3), 180–190.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kilinc, F. S. (2016). Isolation gowns in health care settings: Laboratory studies, regulations and standards, and potential barriers of gown selection and use. American Journal of Infection Control, 44(1), 104–111.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwon, J. H., Burnham, C. A. D., Reske, K. A., Liang, S. Y., Hink, T., Wallace, M. A., & Dubberke, E. R. (2017). Assessment of healthcare worker protocol deviations and self-contamination during personal protective equipment donning and doffing. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 38(9), 1077.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamb, J. M., & Kallal, M. J. (1992). A conceptual framework for apparel design. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 10(2), 42–47.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, Y. A., & Park, S. M. (2011). Comparative analysis between 3D visual pant fit and wearers’ subjective acceptability. Proceedings of the 2nd international conferences on 3D body scanning technologies, 174-184. https://doi.org/10.15221/11.174
   Google Scholar
• Lee, Y. A., Salahuddin, M., Gibson-Young, L., & Oliver, G. D. (2021). Assessing personal protective equipment needs for healthcare workers. Health Science Reports, 4(3), e370.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lendvay, T. S., Chen, J., Harcourt, B. H., Scholte, F. E., Lin, Y. L., Kilinc-Balci, F. S., … Heyne, B. (2022). Addressing personal protective equipment (PPE) decontamination: Methylene blue and light inactivates severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on N95 respirators and medical masks with maintenance of integrity and fit. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 43(7), 876–885.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liverman, C. T., & Larson, E. L. (2011). Preventing transmission of pandemic influenza and other viral respiratory diseases: Personal protective equipment for healthcare personnel: Update 2010. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
   Google Scholar
• McQuerry, M., Kwon, C., & Johnson, H. (2019). A critical review of female firefighter protective clothing and equipment workplace challenges. Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, 23(2), 94–110.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mulvey, D., Mayer, J., Visnovsky, L., Samore, M., & Drews, F. (2019). Frequent and unexpected deviations from personal protective equipment guidelines increase contamination risks. American Journal of Infection Control, 47(9), 1146–1147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicas, M., & Sun, G. (2006). An integrated model of infection risk in a health-care environment. Risk Analysis, 26(4), 1085–1096.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niikura, R., Fujishiro, M., Nakai, Y., Matsuda, K., Kawahara, T., Yamada, A., … Koike, K. (2021). International observational survey of the effectiveness of personal protective equipment during endoscopic procedures performed in patients with COVID-19. Digestion, 102(6), 845–853.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Occupational Safety and Health Administration. (2021). Protecting workers: guidance on mitigating and preventing the spread of COVID-19 in the Workplace. https://www.osha.gov/coronavirus/safework
   Google Scholar
• Osei-Bonsu, K., Masroor, N., Cooper, K., Doern, C., Jefferson, K. K., Major, Y., & Stevens, M. P. (2019). Alternative doffing strategies of personal protective equipment to prevent self-contamination in the health care setting. American Journal of Infection Control, 47(5), 534–539.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Otter, J. A., Donskey, C., Yezli, S., Douthwaite, S., Goldenberg, S., & Weber, D. J. (2016). Transmission of SARS and MERS coronaviruses and influenza virus in healthcare settings: The possible role of dry surface contamination. Journal of Hospital Infection, 92(3), 235–250.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perry, C., Marshall, R., & Jones, E. (2001). Bacterial contamination of uniforms. Journal of Hospital Infection, 48(3), 238–241.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phan, L. T., Maita, D., Mortiz, D. C., Weber, R., Fritzen-Pedicini, C., Bleasdale, S. C. & CDC Prevention Epicenters Program (2019). Personal protective equipment doffing practices of healthcare workers. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 16(8), 575–581.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rissanen, S., Jousela, I., Jeong, J. R., & Rintamäki, H. (2008). Heat stress and bulkiness of chemical protective clothing impair performance of medical personnel in basic lifesaving tasks. Ergonomics, 51(7), 1011–1022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salehi, H., Pennathur, P. R., Da Silva, J. P., & Herwaldt, L. A. (2019). Examining health care personal protective equipment use through a human factor engineering and product design lens. American Journal of Infection Control, 47(5), 595–598.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• US Food and Drug Administration. (2021). Medical gowns. https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/personal-protective-equipment-infection-control/medical-gowns
   Google Scholar
• Wagner, H., Kim, A. J., & Gordon, L. (2013). Relationship between personal protective equipment, self-efficacy, and job satisfaction of women in the building trades. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 139(10), 04013005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walter, S. L., Seibert, S. E., Goering, D., & O’Boyle, E. H. (2019). A tale of two sample sources: Do results from online panel data and conventional data converge? Journal of Business and Psychology, 34(4), 425–452.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson, L., Sault, W., Gwyn, R., & Verbeek, P. R. (2008). The “delay effect” of donning a gown during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a simulation model. Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine, 10(4), 333–338.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whyte, W., Bailey, P. V., Hamblen, D. L., Fisher, W. D., & Kelly, I. G. (1983). A bacteriologically occlusive clothing system for use in the operating room. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 65B(4), 502–506.
   Google Scholar
• Wiener-Well, Y., Galuty, M., Rudensky, B., Schlesinger, Y., Attias, D., & Yinnon, A. M. (2011). Nursing and physician attire as possible source of nosocomial infections. American Journal of Infection Control, 39(7), 555–559.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Won, A. Y., & Yun, C. (2021). The effects of laundering on the protective performance of firefighter clothing. Fibers and Polymers, 22(11), 3232–3239.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2020). WHO director-general's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020. https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19—11-march-2020
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2022). WHO coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard. https://covid19.who.int/
   Google Scholar