References
- Ahmad, D. 2014. “An Open Letter on Hudud.” The MalayMail Online. May 20.
- Ahmad, R., M. N. Anis, M. Carvalho, N. Hamdan, R. Rahim, H. Sivanandam, L. K. Shagar, et al. 2016. “Federal Govt to Take over Hadi’s Bill”, The Star, December 2.
- Alagesh, T. N. 2014. “Nation Must Combat Liberalism.” New Straits Times. May 14.
- Bakar, M., and A. Bakar. 1981. “Islamic Revivalism and the Political Process in Malaysia.” Asian Survey 21 (10): 1040–1059. doi:10.2307/2643973.
- Bar, M. 2013. “Press Release: Unilateral Conversion of Minor Children are Unconstitutional.” The Malaysian Bar, June 18. http://www.malaysianbar.org.my/press_statements/press_release_unilateral_conversions_of_minor_children_are_unconstitutional_.html.
- Berlin, I. 2002. Liberty: Incorporating Four Essays on Liberty. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- 2013. “Cabinet Agrees to Retract the Administration of the Religion of Islam (FT) Bill 2013.” Astro Awani. July 5.
- Camroux, D. 1996. “State Responses to Islamic Resurgence in Malaysia Accommodation, Co-Option, and Confrontation.” Asian Survey 36 (9): 852–868. doi:10.2307/2645535.
- Case, W. F., and L. Chin-Tong. 2006. “How Committed is PAS to Democracy and How Do We Know It?” Contemporary Southeast Asia 28 (3): 385–406. doi:10.1355/CS28-3B.
- Chi, M. 2015. “Kelantan ‘Impatient’ in Tabling Shariah Enactment, Hudud Technical Committee Member Says.” The MalayMail Online. May 13.
- DAP against hudud laws. 2009. The Star. January 15.
- Ex-PAS leader claims Hadi’s bill GE bait, recipe for win-win scenario. 2016. Malaysiakini. November 24.
- Faruqi, S. S. 2007. “Operating at the Periphery.” The Star. November 14.
- Firoz, G. N. F. 2009. “Handling Adversity, Diversity and Identity.” The Straits Times. March 17.
- Ghazali, N. F. 2018. “BN Prods PAS to ‘Test’ Dr M by Reviving Act 355 Motion.” Malaysiakini. July 24.
- Hamayotsu, K. 2002. “Islam and Nation Building in Southeast Asia: Malaysia and Indonesia in Comparative Perspective.” Pacific Affairs 75 (3): 353–375. doi:10.2307/4127290.
- Harding, A. 2002. “The Keris, the Crescent and the Blind Goddess: The State, Islam and the Constitution in Malaysia.” Singapore Journal of International and Comparative Law 6: 154–180.
- Hooker, M. B. 1978. A Concise Legal History of South-East Asia. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Hooker, M. B. 1984. Islamic Law in Southeast Asia. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Hooker, M. B. 2003. “Submission to Allah? the Kelantan Syariah Criminal Code (II) 1993.” In Malaysia: Islam, Society and Politics, edited by V. Hooker and N. Othman, 80–100. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
- Horowitz, D. L. 1985. Ethnic Conflict. Berkely: University of California Press.
- Ibrahim, A. 1985. “The Position of Islam in the Constitution of Malaysia.” In Readings on Islam in Southeast Asia, edited by A. Ibrahim, S. Siddique, and Y. Hussain, 213–220. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
- Ibrahim, A., and A. Joned. 1987. The Malaysian Legal System. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa and Pustaka.
- Jalil, H. 2016. “Law Reform (Marriage and Divorce) (Amendment) Bill 2016 Tabled in Dewan Rakyat.” The Sun Daily. November 21.
- Kamali, M. H. 1995. Punishment in Islamic Law: An Enquiry into the Hudud Bill of Kelantan. Petaling Jaya: Ilmiah Publishers.
- Kamali, M. H. 1998. “Punishment in Islamic Law: A Critique of the Hudud Bill of Kelantan, Malaysia.” Arab Law Quarterly 13 (3): 203–234. doi:10.1163/026805598125826102.
- Kessler, C. 2010a. “What Social Contract?” The Malaysian Insider. September 6.
- Kessler, C. 2010b. “Syariah: ‘The Law of the Land’?” The Malaysian Insider. September 21.
- Liew, C. T. 2007. “PAS Politics: Defining an Islamic State.” In Politics in Malaysia, edited by E. T. Gomez, 107–137. London and New York: Routledge and Taylor & Francis Group.
- Lijphart, A. 1977. Democracy in Plural Societies: A Comparative Exploration. New Haven: Yale University Press.
- Lindsey, T., and K. Steiner. 2012. Islam, Law and the State in Southeast Asia, Vol. 3: Islam, Law and the State in Malaysia and Brunei. London: IB Tauris.
- Liow, J., and C. Yong. 2004. “Exigency or Expediency? Contextualising Political Islam and the PAS Challenge in Malaysian Politics.” Third World Quarterly 25 (2): 359–372. doi:10.1080/0143659042000174851.
- Mahathir: Malaysia is a ‘fundamental state’. 2002. CNN, June 18. http://edition.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/06/18/malaysia.mahathir/. doi:10.1044/1059-0889(2002/er01)
- Malhi, A. 2015. “Malaysia’s Flashpoint.” Inside Story. September 25. http://insidestory.org.au/malaysias-flashpoint/.
- Mauzy, D. K., and R. S. Milne. 1983–1984. “The Mahathir Administration in Malaysia: Discipline through Islam.” Pacific Affairs 56 (4): 617–648. doi:10.2307/2758595.
- Mei, W. P., N. Eileen, R. S. N. Murali, Y. Meikeng, S. Singh, and L. K. Shagar. 2013. “Ministers Voice Concern over Proposed Child Conversion Legislation.” The Star. July 4.
- Mill, J. S. 1861. Considerations on Representative Government. Floating Press.
- Muhammad, A., and A. Alhadjri. 2018. “Gov’t Urged to Be More Open to Demands from Malay-Muslim NGOs.” Malaysiakini, July 28.
- Noor, F. A. 2004. Islam Embedded – The Historical Development of the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party PAS (1951–2003). Vol. 1. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Sociological Research Institute.
- Othman, N. 1994. “Hudud Law or Islamic Modernity?” In Shari’A Law and the Modern Nation-State: A Malaysian Symposium, edited by N. Othman, 147–153. Kuala Lumpur: Sisters in Islam Forum (Malaysia) Berhad.
- Othman, N. 2008. “Rights and Gender Justice: Women, Islamization & the Shari’a in Malaysia since the 1980s.” In Sharing the Nation: Faith, Difference, Power and the State 50 Years after Merdeka, edited by N. Othman, M. Puthucheary, and C. Kessler, 29–58. Kuala Lumpur: Strategic Information and Research Development Centre.
- Proposed unilateral child conversion ban clashes with 2009 fatwa, shariah lawyer says. 2017. The MalayMail Online. April 4.
- Rahim, L. Z. 2013. “Introduction: The Spirit of Wasatiyyah Democracy.” In Muslim Secular Democracy: Voices from Within, edited by L. Z. Rahim, 1–30. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Shankar, D. M. 2010. “Common Sense and the Law.” The Star. November 22.
- Shuaib, F. S. 2007. “Parallel Court Systems and Conversion of One Spouse to Islam: A Case Commentary on Saravanan Thangathoray V Subashini Rajasingam and Another Appeal.” The Law Review 246–261.
- Siang, L. K. 2015. “The hudud ‘plot’ will destroy Malaysia.” Malaysiakini. April 11.
- Sidel, J. T. 2007. The Islamist Threat in Southeast Asia: A Reassessment. Washington, D.C.: East-West Center Washington.
- Sivanandam, H., and D. Cheng, “Fierce Debate on Conversion of Minors to Islam”, The Sun Daily, 3 July 2013.
- Sivanandam, H., Y. Meikeing, and M. Carvalho. 2007. “Malaysia Not Secular State, Says Najib.” Bernama. July 17.
- Stark, J. 2004. “Constructing an Islamic Model in Two Malaysian States: PAS Rule in Kelantan and Terengganu.” Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia 19 (1): 51–75. doi:10.1355/SJ19-1C.
- Steiner, K. 2013. “The Case Continues? The High Courts in Malaysia and Unilateral Conversion of a Child to Islam by One Parent.” Australian Journal of Asian Law 14 (2): 1–15.
- Steiner, K. 2017. “Politics and Economics: The 1MDB Scandal and Corruption in Malaysia.” In Illusions of Democracy: Malaysian Politics and People, Volume II, edited by S. Lemiere, 245–270. Petaling Jaya, Selangor: Strategic Information and Research Development Centre.
- Sultan Approves Terengganu’s Syariah Laws. 2002. New Straits Times. September 20. doi:10.1044/1059-0889(2002/er01)
- Su-Lyn, B. 2013. “Chinese Businessmen Say Boycott on Community’s Products ‘Racist’, Will Hurt Economy.” The Malaysian Insider. May 19.
- Su-Lyn, B. 2016. “After Tabling, Gerakan Says Will Persuade Umno Not to Back Hudud Bill’, The MalayMail Online. May 26.
- Tan, N. 2018. “Mujahid and the Challenges of Moderation.” Malaysiakini, July 27.
- Terengganu Delays Hudud Enforcement. 2002. New Straits Times. December 11. doi:10.1044/1059-0889(2002/er01)
- Ting Mu Hong, H. 2016. “The Politics of Hudud Law Implementation in Malaysia.” Working Papers No. 04. ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute.
- Umno played out PAS again with Act 355 U-turn, says PKR Youth. 2017. Malaysiakini. March 30.
- Umno proposes national-level hudud technical committee. 2014. The Star. April 27.
- von der Mehden, F. R. 1963. “Religion and Politics in Malaysia.” Asian Survey 3: 609–615. doi:10.2307/3023486.
- von der Mehden, F. R. 2013. “Islam and Politics in Southeast Asia.” In The Oxford Handbook of Islam and Politics, edited by J. L. Esposito and E. E.-D. Shahin, 340–351. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Wahari, H., and F. Mazlan. 2018. “Malaysian Coalitions Can’t Govern Without Islamic Party Support: PAS Chief.” Benar News. April 17.
- Weng, H. W. (2018). “The Struggle for Political Islam in ‘New Malaysia’.” New Mandala, June 25.
- What happened to Bill barring unilateral child conversions? DAP MP asks. 2017. The MalayMail Online. March 26.
- Whiting, A. 2008. “Desecularising Malaysian Law?” In Examining Practice, Interrogating Theory: Comparative Legal Studies in Asia, edited by S. Biddulph and P. Nicholson, 223–267. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
- Whiting, A. 2010. “Secularism, the Islamic State and the Malaysian Legal Profession.” Asian Journal of Comparative Law 5 (1): 1–34. doi:10.1017/S2194607800000338.
- Wu, M. A. 1990. The Malaysian Legal System. Petaling Jaya: Longman Malaysia.
- Zachariah, E. 2015. “Say Sorry or We’ll Sue, DAP Muslims Tell Pahang Religious Council over Aidiladha Sermon.” The Malaysian Insider, September 26.
- Zulkifli, Z. 2018. “Parties that ‘Make Use Of’ Race, Religion No Longer Relevant – Mujahid.” Malaysiakini. July 7.
- Zulkifli, Z. 2018a. “Mujahid: Act 355 ‘Political’, Not Way to Empower Syariah Courts.” Malaysiakini. July 6.
- Zulkifli, Z. 2018b. “Mujahid to Take on Issues Stemming from Multi-Religiosity, Human Rights.” Malaysiakini, July 6.