References
- Bensimon G, Lacomblez L, Meininger V. A controlled trial of riluzole in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. ALS/Riluzole Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1994;330:585–91.
- Bourke SC, Tomlinson M, Williams TL, Bullock RE, Shaw PJ, Gibson GJ. Effects of non-invasive ventilation on survival and quality of life in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2006;5:140–7.
- Fogh I, Lin K, Tiloca C, Rooney J, Gellera C, Diekstra FP. Association of a locus in the CAMTA1 gene with survival in patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. JAMA Neurol. 2016;73:812–20.
- Juranek JK, Daffu GK, Geddis MS, Li H, Rosario R, Kaplan BJ, et al. Soluble RAGE treatment delays progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in SOD1 mice. Front Cell Neurosci. 2016;10:117.
- Wormser U, Mandrioli J, Vinceti M, Fini N, Sintov A, Brodsky B, et al. Reduced levels of alpha-1-antitrypsin in cerebrospinal fluid of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients: a novel approach for a potential treatment. J Neuroinflammation. 2016;13:131.
- Cirulli ET, Lasseigne BN, Petrovski S, Sapp PC, Dion PA, Leblond CS, et al. Exome sequencing in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis identifies risk genes and pathways. Science. 2015;347:1436–41.
- Househam E, Swash M. Diagnostic delay in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: what scope for improvement? J Neurol Sci. 2000;180:76–81.
- Iwasaki Y, Ikeda K, Ichikawa Y, Igarashi O, Kinoshita M. The diagnostic interval in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2002;104:87–9.
- Kraemer M, Buerger M, Berlit P. Diagnostic problems and delay of diagnosis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2010;112:103–5.
- Zoccolella S, Beghi E, Palagano G, Fraddosio A, Samarelli V, Lamberti P, et al. Predictors of delay in the diagnosis and clinical trial entry of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients: a population-based study. J Neurol Sci. 2006;250:45–9.
- Park JH, Kang S-W. Percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis on noninvasive ventilation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2009;90:1026–9.
- Park JH, Kang S-W, Won JY, Uhm CW. Fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous gastrostomy with pull technique for the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with very low vital capacity. Jpn J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2010;34:421–5.
- Brooks BR, Miller RG, Swash M, Munsat TL. El Escorial revisited: revised criteria for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Other Motor Neuron Disorders. 2000;1:293–9.
- Nieves JW, Gennings C, Factor-Litvak P, Hupf J, Singleton J, Sharf V, et al. Association between dietary intake and function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. JAMA Neurol. 2016;73:1425–32.
- Logroscino G, Traynor BJ, Hardiman O, Chiò A, Mitchell D, Swingler RJ, et al. Incidence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Europe. J Neurol, Neurosurg Psychiatr. 2010;81:385–90.
- Chiò A, Mora G, Moglia C, Manera U, Canosa A, Cammarosano S, et al. Secular trends of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: the piemonte and valle d’aosta register. JAMA Neurol. 2017;74:1097–104.
- Horton DK, Mehta P, Antao VC. Quantifying a nonnotifiable disease in the United States: the national amyotrophic lateral sclerosis registry model. JAMA. 2014;312:1097–8.
- Logroscino G, Traynor B, Hardiman O, Couratier P, Mitchell J, Swingler R, et al. Descriptive epidemiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: new evidence and unsolved issues. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr. 2008;79:6–11.
- Beghi E, Balzarini C, Bogliun G, Logroscino G, Manfredi L, Mazzini L, et al. Reliability of the El Escorial diagnostic criteria for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neuroepidemiology. 2002;21:265–70.
- Schrooten M, Smetcoren C, Robberecht W, Van Damme P. Benefit of the Awaji diagnostic algorithm for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a prospective study. Ann Neurol. 2011;70:79–83.
- Dvorak J, Sutter M, Herdmann J. Cervical myelopathy: clinical and neurophysiological evaluation. Eur Spine J. 2003;12:S181–S7.
- Onder H, Yildiz FG. Cervical spondylotic myelopathy mimicking amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Res. 2016;6:89–90.
- Rosenfeld J. Confounding effects of mimicking disorders in the early diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Other Motor Neuron Disord. 2000;1:S61–S3.
- Belsh JM, Schiffman PL. The amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patient perspective on misdiagnosis and its repercussions. J Neurol Sci. 1996;139:110–6.
- Bakola E, Kokotis P, Zambelis T, Karandreas N. Inappropriate surgeries in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a still considerable issue. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Frontotemporal Degeneration. 2014;15:315–7.
- Kim S, Kang SW, Choi W, Park JH, Lee Y, Yu SJ. Survey on the diagnostic process of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Korean Acad Rehabil Med. 2011;35:110–4.
- Chancellor A, Warlow C. Adult onset motor neuron disease: worldwide mortality, incidence and distribution since 1950. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr. 1992;55:1106–15.
- Chiò A, Logroscino G, Traynor BJ, Collins J, Simeone JC, Goldstein LA, et al. Global epidemiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review of the published literature. Neuroepidemiology. 2013;41:118–30.
- Nakken O, Lindstrøm JC, Tysnes O-B, Holmøy T. Assessing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis prevalence in Norway from 2009 to 2015 from compulsory nationwide health registers. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Frontotemporal Degeneration. 2017;19:1–8.
- Traynor B, Codd M, Corr B, Forde C, Frost E, Hardiman O. Incidence and prevalence of ALS in Ireland, 1995-1997: a population-based study. Neurology. 1999;52:504.
- Mehta P, Kaye W, Bryan L, Larson T, Copeland T, Wu J, et al. Prevalence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-United States, 2010-2011. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2016;65:1.
- Vazquez M, Ketzoian C, Legnani C, Rega I, Sánchez N, Perna A, et al. Incidence and prevalence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Uruguay: a population-based study. Neuroepidemiology. 2008;30:105–11.
- Kiernan MC, Vucic S, Cheah BC, Turner MR, Eisen A, Hardiman O, et al. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Lancet. 2011;377:942–55.
- Norris F, Shepherd R, Denys E, Kwei U, Mukai E, Elias L, et al. Onset, natural history and outcome in idiopathic adult motor neuron disease. J Neurol Sci. 1993;118:48–55.
- Joyce NC, Carter GT. Electrodiagnosis in persons with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Pm&R. 2013;5:S89–S95.
- Blijham PJ, Schelhaas HJ, ter Laak HJ, van Engelen BG, Zwarts MJ. Early diagnosis of ALS: the search for signs of denervation in clinically normal muscles. J Neurol Sci. 2007;263:154–7.
- Schelhaas H, Kleine B, Zwarts M. Electrodiagnostic criteria for ALS: time to STARD. Clin Neurophysiol. 2008;119:1689–90.
- Truffert A, Rösler K, Magistris M. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis versus cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a study using transcranial magnetic stimulation with recordings from the trapezius and limb muscles. Clin Neurophysiol. 2000;111:1031–8.
- Kang S-W, Choi WA, Cho HE, Lee JW, Park JH. Management of ventilatory insufficiency in neuromuscular patients using mechanical ventilator supported by the Korean government. J Korean Med Sci. 2016;31:976–82.
- Haverkamp LJ, Appel V, Appel SH. Natural history of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in a database population validation of a scoring system and a model for survival prediction. Brain. 1995;118:707–19.
- Karussis D, Karageorgiou C, Vaknin-Dembinsky A, Gowda-Kurkalli B, Gomori JM, Kassis I, et al. Safety and immunological effects of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Arch Neurol. 2010;67:1187–94.
- Mazzini L, Ferrero I, Luparello V, Rustichelli D, Gunetti M, Mareschi K, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a Phase I clinical trial. Exp Neurol. 2010;223:229–37.
- Miller TM, Pestronk A, David W, Rothstein J, Simpson E, Appel SH, et al. An antisense oligonucleotide against SOD1 delivered intrathecally for patients with SOD1 familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a phase 1, randomised, first-in-man study. Lancet Neurol. 2013;12:435–42.