63
Views
24
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Metabolic Efficiency in Response to Environmental Agents Predicts Hormesis and Invalidates the Linear No-Threshold Premise: Ionizing Radiation as a Case Study

Pages 443-449 | Published online: 29 Sep 2008

References

  • Brown, J.H., Marquet, P.A., and Taper, M.L. Evolution of body size: Consequence of an energetic definition of fitness. Am. Nat., 142: 373–384, 1993.
  • Calabrese, E.J. and Baldwin, L.A. The frequency of U-shaped dose responses in the toxicological litera- ture. Toxicological Sciences, 62: 330–338, 2001.
  • Caratero, A., Courtade, M., Bonnet, L., Planel, H. and Caratero, C. Effect of a continuous gamma irradiation at a very low dose on the life span of mice. Gerontol- ogy, 44: 272–276, 1998.
  • Cohen, B.L. Test of the linear-nothreshold theory of radiation carcinogenesis for inherited radiation decay products. Health Physics, 68: 157–174, 1995.
  • Coleman, J.S., Heckathorn, S.A., and Hallberg, R.L. Heat- shock proteins and thermotolerance: linking ecologi- cal and molecular perspectives. Trends Ecol. Evol., 10: 305–306, 1995.
  • Gerber, L.M., Willliams, G.C., and Gray, S.J. The nutrient- toxin continuum in human evolution and modern health. Quart.Rev. Biol., 74: 273–289, 1999.
  • Ghiassi-nejad, M., Mortazavi, S.M.J., Cameron, J.R., Niroomand-rad, A., and Karam, P.A. Very high back- ground radiation areas of Ramsar, Iran: preliminary biological studies. Health Physics, 82: 87–93. 2002. Goraczko, W. Ionizing radiation and mitogenic radiation: two links of the same energetic chain in a biological cell. Med. Hypothesis, 54: 461–468, 2000.
  • Graham, J.H., Higson, D.J., Jun, J-S., Kobayashi, S., and Mitchel, R.E.J. Low doses of ionizing radiation in- curred at low dose rates. In Radiation protection in Australasia, J. Aust. Rad. Prot Soc. 16: 32–47, 1999. Heininger, K. The deprivation syndrome is the driv- ing force of phylogeny, ontogeny and oncogeny. Rev. Neurosci., 12: 217–287, 2001.
  • Hercus, M.J. and Loeschcke, V. Comments to paper by S. Rattan: applying hormesis in aging research and therapy — a perspective from evolutionary biology. Hum. Exp. Toxicol., 20: 305–308, 2001.
  • Hoffmann, A.A. and Parsons, P.A. An integrated approach to environmental stress tolerance and life-history varia- tion. Desiccation tolerance in Drosophila. Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 37: 117–136. 1989.
  • Jazwinski, S.M. Molecular mechanisms of yeast longevity. Trend. Microbiol. 7: 247–252, 1999.
  • Jazwinski, S.M. Commentary on “Applying hormesis in aging research and therapy.” Hum. Exp. Toxicol., 20: 293– 294, 2001.
  • Jaworowski, Z. UNSCEAR on the health effects from Chernobyl. Science, 293: 605–606, 2001.
  • Kauffman, S.A. The Origins of Order: Self-Organization and Selection in Evolution. Oxford University Press, New York, 1993.
  • Kondo, S. Health Effects of Low-level Radiation. Medical Physics Publication, Madison, WI, 1993.
  • Lowenthal, G.C. and Airey, P. Practical Applications of Radioactivity and Nuclear Radiations. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2001.
  • Luckey, T. D. Radiation Hormesis. CRC Press, Boca Raton (FL), 1991.
  • Luckey, T.D. Radiation hormesis overview. Radiat. Prot. Management, 16: 22–34, 1999a.
  • Luckey, T.D. Nurture with ionizing radiation: a provocative hypothesis. Nutrit. Cancer, 34: 1–11, 1999b.Luxin, W.E.I., Sugahara, T., and Tao, Z. High Level of Natu- ral Radiation 1996: Radiation Dose and Health Ef- fects. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1997.
  • Masoro, E.J. and Austad, S.N. The evolution of antiaging action of dietary restriction: a hypothesis. J. Geront., 51A: B387–B391, 1996.
  • Meehan, B. and White, N.G. (Eds.) Hunter-Gatherer De- mography: Past and Present. University of Sydney, Sydney. 1990.
  • Mine, M., Okumura, Y.,Ichimaru, M., Nakamura, T., and Kondo, S. Apparently beneficial effects of low to intermediate doses of A-bomb radiation on human lifespan. Int. J. Radiat. Biol., 58: 1035–1043, 1990.
  • Minois, N. Longevity and aging: beneficial effects of mild exposure to stress. Biogerontology 1: 15–29, 2000.
  • Parsons, P.A. Radiation hormesis: an evolutionary expectation and the evidence. Appl. Radiat. Isot., 40: 857–860, 1990.
  • Parsons, P.A. Evolutionary adaptation and stress: the fitness gradient. Evolutionary Biol. 26: 191–223; 1992.
  • Parsons, P.A. Stress, resources, energy balances, and evolu- tionary change. Evolutionary Biology, 29: 39–72, 1996. Parsons, P.A. Low-level exposure to ionizing radiation: do ecological and evolutionary considerations imply phan-tom risks? Persp. Biol. Med. 43: 57–68, 1999.
  • Parsons, P.A. Hormesis: an adaptive fitness response and an evolutionary expectation in stressed free-living popu- lations, with particular reference to ionizing radiation. J. Appl. Toxicol. 20: 103–112, 2000a
  • Parsons, P.A. Caloric restriction, metabolic efficiency and hormesis. Hum. Exp. Toxicol., 19: 345–347, 2000b.
  • Parsons, P.A. The hormetic zone: an ecological and evolution- ary perspective based upon habitat characteristics and fitness selection. Quart. Rev. Biol., 76: 459–467, 2001. Parsons, P.A. Radiation hormesis: challenging LNT theory via ecological and evolutionary considerations. Health Physics, 82: 513–516, 2002a.
  • Parsons, P.A. Life span: does the limit to survival depend upon metabolic efficiency under stress? Biogerontology, 3: 233–241. 2002b.
  • Planel, H., Soleilhavoup, J.P., Tixador, R., Richoilley, G., Conter, A., Croute, F., Caratero, C., and Gaubin, Y. Influence on cell proliferation of background radia- tion or exposure to very low, chronic -radiation. Health Physics, 52: 571–578 1987.
  • Pollycove, M. The issue of the decade: Hormesis. Eur. J. Nucl. Med., 22: 399–401, 1995.
  • Polycove, M. Nonlinearity of radiation health effects. Eviron. Health Perspt., 106, Suppl 1: 363–368, 1998.
  • Smith-Sonneborn, J. The role of the ‘stress protein response’ in hormesis. BELLE Newsl., 1: 4–9, 1993.
  • Van Valen, L. Energy and evolution. Evolutionary Theory, 1: 179–229, 1976.
  • van Wyngaarden, K.E. and Pauwels, E.K.J. Hormesis: are low doses of ionizing radiation harmful or beneficial? Eur. J. Nucl. Med., 22: 481–486, 1995.
  • White, T.C.R. The Inadequate Environment: Nitrogen and the Abundance of Animals. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1993.
  • Williams, G.C. and Nesse, R.M. The dawn of Darwinian medicine. Quart. Rev. Bol., 66: 1–22. 1991.
  • Wolff, S. Are radiation - induced effects hormetic? Science, 245: 575, 1989.
  • Wolff, S. Aspects of the adaptive response to very low doses of radiation and other agents. Mutat. Res., 358: 135– 142, 1996.
  • Yalow, R.S. The contribution of medical physicists to radia- tion phobia. Med. Phys., 16: 159–161, 1989.
  • Yu B.P. and Chung, H.Y. Stress resistance by caloric retriction for longevity. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 928: 39–47, 2001.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.