1,070
Views
15
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Keyboarding for Students with Handwriting Problems

A Literature Review

, &
Pages 119-147 | Published online: 29 Jul 2009

References

  • Abbott R. D., Berninger V. W. Structural equation modeling of relationships among developmental skills and writing skills in primary- and intermediategrade writers. Journal of Educational Psychology 1993; 85: 478–508
  • Anderson J. R. Cognitive psychology and its implications, 2nd ed. W. H. Freeman and Co, New York 1985
  • Arnold V., Joyner R. L., Schmidt J., White C. D. Establishing electronic keyboarding speed and accuracy timed-writing standards for postsecondary students. Business Education Forum 1997; 51(3)33–38
  • Behymer J., Echternacht L. Keyboarding instruction-A comparison of second and third grade students. Business Education Forum March, 1987; 41: 30–32
  • Benbow M., Hanft B., Marsh D. Handwriting in the classroom: Improving written communication. Classroom applications for school-based practice, C. B. Royeen. American Occupational Therapy Association, Rockville, MD 1992; 1–60
  • Bergman K. E., McLaughlin T. F. Remediating handwriting difficulties with learning disabled students: A review. British Columbia Journal of Special Education 1988; 12: 101–119
  • Berninger V. W. Coordinating transcription and text generation in working memory during composing: Automatic and constructive processes. Learning Disability Quarterly 1999; 22: 99–112
  • Berninger V. W., Rutberg J. Relationship of finger function to beginning writing: Application to diagnosis of writing disabilities. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 1992; 34: 198–215
  • Britten R. M. The effects of instruction on keyboarding skills in Grade 2. Educational Technology April, 1988; 28: 34–37
  • Bruininks R. H. Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency. American Guidance Service, Circle Pines, MN 1978
  • Byfield J. S., LaBarre J. Integrating information processing into keyboarding/typewriting. Business Education Forum 1985; 39(8)53–56
  • Chwirka B., Gurney B., Burtner P. A. Keyboarding and visual-motor skills in elementary students: A pilot study. Occupational Therapy in Health Care 2002; 16(2/3)39–51
  • Cochran-Smith M., Kahn J., Paris C. L. When word processors come into the classroom. Writing with computers in the early grades, J. L. Hoot, S. B. Silvern. Teachers College Press, New York 1988; 43–74
  • Colton T. Statistics in medicine. Little, Brown, Boston, MA 1974
  • Cooper W. E. Introduction. Cognitive aspects of skilled typewriting, W. E. Cooper. Springer-Verlag, New York 1983; 1–38
  • Cornhill H., Case-Smith J. Factors that relate to good and poor handwriting. American Journal of Occupational Therapy 1996; 50: 732–739
  • Cowles M., Hedley M., Robinson M. An analysis of young children learning keyboarding skills. Tennessee State University, Center for Training and Technical Assistance, Nashville, TN 1983, (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 238 542).
  • Crealock C., Sitko M. Comparison between computer and handwriting technologies in writing training with learning disabled students. International Journal of Special Education 1990; 5: 173–183
  • Dunn B., Reay D. Word processing and the keyboard: Comparative effects of transcription on achievement. Journal of Educational Research 1989; 82: 237–245
  • Dybdahl C. S., Shaw D. G. Issues of interaction: Keyboarding, word processing and composing. Journal of Research on Computing in Education 1989; 21: 380–391
  • Kahn J., Freyd P. Touch typing for young children: Help or hindrance?. Educational Technology February, 1990b; 30: 41–45
  • Kameda M. M., Freeman A. R. The role of kinaesthetic sensitivity in keyboarding: A reliable screening component?. University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario 2004, Unpublished manuscript
  • Kercher L., McClurg P. Keyboarding issues in elementary education: Some research findings. Paper presented at the National Council of States on Inservice Education, Denver, CO, November, 1985, (ERIC Document Reproduction Service ED 289 481).
  • Kisner E. Keyboarding-A must in tomorrow's world. The Computing Teacher February, 1984; 11: 21–22
  • Klein S., Erickson L., Perrott C., Zacharuk L., James K., Williamson H. Computer skills and the child with Developmental Coordination Disorder. Paper presented at the Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists Conference, Winnipeg, Manitoba., May, 2003
  • Koenke K. Keyboarding: Prelude to composing at the computer. English Education 1987; 19: 244–249
  • Lewis R. B., Graves A. W., Ashton T. M., Kieley C. L. Word processing tools for students with learning disabilities: A comparison of strategies to increase text entry speed. Learning Disabilities Research and Practice 1998; 13: 95–108
  • MacArthur C. A. Overcoming barriers to writing: Computer support for basic writing skills. Reading and Writing Quarterly 1999; 15: 169–192
  • MacArthur C. A. New tools for writing: Assistive technology for students with writing difficulties. Topics in Language Disorder 2000; 20(4)85–100
  • MacArthur C. A., Graham S., Schwartz S. Integrating strategy instruction and word processing into a process approach to writing instruction. School Psychology Review 1993; 22: 671–681
  • McClurg P., Kercher L. Keyboarding instruction: A comparison of five approaches. Journal of Educational Computing Research 1989; 5: 445–458
  • McCutchen D. Cognitive processes in children's writing: Developmental and individual differences. Issues in Education 1995; 1: 123–160
  • McLean G. N. Teaching keyboarding, 3rd ed. Delta Pi Epsilon, Little Rock, AR 1995
  • Minkel W. Keys to the future: When should students learn proper keyboarding skills?. School Library Journal May, 2003; 49: 34–36
  • Morrow J. The effects of keyboarding instruction on middle school students' composition written using word processing. Boston University, Boston, MA. 1989, Unpublished Masters thesis
  • National Business Education Association. Elementary/middle school keyboarding strategies guide (ERIC Document Reproduction Service ED 355 407). National Business Education Association, Reston, VA 1992
  • Nichols L. M. A comparison of two methods for teaching keyboarding in the elementary school. Computers in the Schools 1995; 11(4)15–25
  • Okolo C. M. Final report: Cultural differences in the perceptions and use of computer-assisted instruction among students with learning disabilities. University of Delaware, Newark, DE 1993, (No. Grant #G008730284).
  • Okolo C. M., Hinsey M., Yousefian B. Learning disabled students' acquisition of keyboarding skills and continuing motivation under drill-and-practice and game conditions. Learning Disabilities Research 1990; 5: 100–109
  • Olinzock A. A. Computer skill building-The answer to keyboarding instruction?. Business Education Forum 1998; 52(3)24–26
  • Penso D. E. Keyboard, graphic and handwriting skills: Helping people with motor disabilities. Chapman & Hall, London 1990
  • Penso D. E. Keyboarding skills for children with disabilities. Whurr, London 1999
  • Phelps J., Stempel L., Speck G. The Children's Handwriting Evaluation Scale: A new diagnostic tool. Journal of Educational Research 1985; 79: 46–50
  • Pisha B. Typing for children with learning disabilities: A new solution, or a new problem. Harvard University, Cambridge, MA. 1989, Unpublished Qualifying paper
  • Pisha B. Rates of development of keyboarding skills in elementary school aged children with and without identified learning disabilities. Harvard, Boston, MA. 1993, Unpublished Doctoral thesis
  • Preminger F., Weiss P. L., Weintraub N. Predicting occupational performance: Handwriting versus keyboarding. American Journal of Occupational Therapy 2004; 58: 193–201
  • Priest N., May E. Laptop computers and children with disabilities: Factors influencing success. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal 2001; 48: 11–23
  • Prigge L., Braathen S. Working with elementary students in keyboarding. Business Education Forum 1993; 48(1)33–35
  • Ray M. L. 10 finger exercise: Type and learn. Teacher 1977; 94(7)45–47
  • Reagan S. D. Increasing touch-keyboarding skills in the middle school student: “KeyWords” vs. “Type to Learn,” hand covers vs. no hand covers. Johnson Bible College, Knoxville, TN. 2000, Unpublished Masters thesis
  • Reed B. G., Kanny E. M. The use of computers in school system practice by occupational therapists. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics 1993; 13(4)37–55
  • Rigby P., Schwellnus H. Occupational therapy decision making guidelines for problems in written productivity. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics 1999; 19: 5–27
  • Rogers J., Case-Smith J. Relationships between handwriting and keyboarding performance of sixth-grade students. American Journal of Occupational Therapy 2002; 56: 34–39
  • Russin I. A comparison of the effect of teacher-directed instruction (and textbook use) and interactive computer software instruction on the development of touch-keyboarding skills in two sixth-grade classes. Kean College, Union, NJ. 1995, Unpublished Masters thesis
  • Sassoon R., Nimmo-Smith I., Wing A. An analysis of children's penholds. Graphonomics: Contemporary research in handwriting, H. S. R. Kao, G. P. van Galen, R. Hoosain. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam 1986; 93–106
  • Schmidt B. J., White C. D. Electronic keyboarding: Standards for grading timed writings. Business Education Forum 1989; 44(1)29–35
  • Seawel L., Smaldino S. E., Steele J. L., Lewis J. Y. A descriptive study comparing computer-based word processing and handwriting on attitudes and performance of third and fourth grade students involved in a program based on a process approachto writing. Journal of Computing in Childhood Education 1994; 5: 43–59
  • Shorter L. L. Keyboarding versus handwriting: Effects on the composition fluency and composition quality of third grade students. University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama. 2001, Unpublished Doctoral thesis
  • Sormunen C. A comparison of speed achievement of students in grades 3 to 6 who learn keyboarding on the microcomputer. Delta Pi Epsilon Journal 1988; 30(2)47–57
  • Sormunen C. Elementary school keyboarding: A case for skill development. Business Education Forum 1991; 45(6)28–30
  • Sormunen C. Learning style: An analysis of factors affecting keyboarding achievement of elementary school students. The Delta Pi Epsilon Journal 1993; 35(1)26–38
  • Tabachnick B. G., Fidell L. S. Using multivariate statistics, 4th ed. Allyn and Bacon, Boston, MA 2001
  • Tseng M. H., Chow S. M. K. Perceptual-motor function of school-age children with slow handwriting speed. American Journal of Occupational Therapy 2000; 54: 83–88
  • van Galen G. P. Handwriting: Issues for a psychomotor theory. Human Movement Science 1991; 10: 165–191
  • Wallace J. B. The effects of color-coding on keyboarding instruction of third grade students. Johnson Bible College, Knoxville, TN. 2000, Unpublished Masters thesis
  • Wallen M., Bonney M., Lennox L. The Handwriting Speed Test. Helios, Adelaide 1996
  • Warwood B., Hartman V., Hauwiller J., Taylor S. A. Research study to determine the effects of early keyboard use upon student development in occupational keyboarding. Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 1985, (No. ERIC Document Reproduction Service ED 265 367).
  • Weintraub N., Graham S. The contribution of gender, orthographic, finger function, and visual-motor processes to the prediction of handwriting status. Occupational Therapy Journal of Research 2000; 20: 121–140
  • Wetzel K. Keyboarding skills: Elementary, my dear teacher?. The Computing Teacher 1985; 12(9)15–19
  • Whitmill L. B. Typewriting: An integral part of the elementary and middle school curriculum. Business Education Forum 1973; 27(7)41–42
  • Woodward S., Swinth Y. L. Multisensory approach to handwriting remediation: Perceptions of school-based occupational therapists. American Journal of Occupational Therapy 2002; 56: 305–312
  • Wronkovich M. H. The relationship of early keyboarding instruction to computer proficiency. Educational Technology September, 1988; 28: 42–47
  • Yau M., Ziegler S., Siegel L. Lap top computers and the learning disabled student: A study of the value of portable computers to the writing progress of students with fine motor problems. Research Section, Toronto Board of Education, Toronto 1990, (No. Report No. 193; ERIC Document Reproduction Service ED 320342).
  • Ziviani J., Elkins J. An evaluation of handwriting performance. Educational Review 1984; 36: 249–261
  • Ziviani J., Watson-Will A. Writing speed and legibility of 7–14-year-old school students using modern cursive script. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal 1998; 45: 59–64

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.