16
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
(RG) Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Bone densitometry in clinical practice: longitudinal measurements at three sites in postmenopausal women on five treatments

, , , &
Pages 235-242 | Published online: 03 Jul 2009

References

  • Kerr D, Morton A, Dick I, Prince R. Exercise effects on bone mass in postmenopausal women are site-specific and load-dependent. J Bone Miner Res 1996;11:218–25
  • Prince RL, Smith M, Dick IM, etal. Prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. A comparative study of exercise, calcium supplementation, and hormone-replacement therapy. N Engl J Med 1991;325:1189–95
  • Devine A, Dick IM, Heal SJ, Griddle RA, Prince RL. A 4-year follow-up study of the effects of calcium supplementation on bone density in elderly postmenopausal women. Osteoporosis Int 1997;7: 23–8
  • Reid IR, Ames RW, Evans MC, Gamble GD, Sharpe SJ. Effect of calcium supplementation on bone loss in postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med 1993;328:460–4
  • Nieves JW, Komar L, Cosman F, Lindsay R. Calcium potentiates the effect of estrogen and calcitonin on bone mass: review and analysis. Am J Gun Nutr 1998;67:18–24
  • Christiansen C, Christensen MS, McNair P, Hagen C, Stocklund K-E, Transbol IB. Preven-tion of early postmenopausal bone loss: con-trolled 2-year study in 315 normal females. Eur J Clin Invest 1980;10: 273–9
  • Riis BJ, Thomsen K, Strom V, Christiansen C. The effect of percutaneous estradiol and natural progesterone on postmenopausal bone loss. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1987;156:61–5
  • Lindsay R, Hart DM, Purdie D, Ferguson MM, Clark AS, Kraszewski A. Comparative effects of estrogen and a progestogen on bone loss in post-menopausal women. Clin Sci Mol Med 1978;54: 193–5
  • Abdalla HI, Hart DM, Lindsay R, Leggate I, Hooke A. Prevention of bone mineral loss in postmenopausal women by norethindrone. Obstet Gynecol 1985;66:789–92
  • Lindsay R, Nieves J, Formica C, et al. Random-ised controlled study of effect of parathyroid hormone on vertebral-bone mass and fracture incidence among postmenopausal women on estrogen with osteoporosis. Lancet 1997;350: 550–5
  • Tilyard M, Spears GFS, Thomson J, Dovey S. Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with calcitriol or calcium. N Engl J Med 1992;326: 357–62
  • Storm T, Thamsborg G, Steiniche T, Genant HK, Sorensen OH. Effect of intermittent cyclical etidronate therapy on bone mass and fracture rate in women with postmenopausal osteo-porosis. N Engl J Med 1990;322:1265–71
  • Polley KJ, Nordin BEC, Baghurst PA, Walker CJ, Chatterton BE. Effect of calcium supplementa-tion on forearm bone mineral content in post-menopausal women: a prospective, sequential controlled trial. J Nutr 1987;117:1929–35
  • Liberman UA, Weiss SR, Broil J, et al. Effect of oral alendronate on bone mineral density and the incidence of fractures in postmenopausal osteo-porosis. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1437–43
  • Horowitz M, Wishart JM, Need AG, Morris HA, Nordin BEC. Effects of norethindrone on bone related biochemical variables and forearm bone mineral in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Clin Endocrinol 1993;39:649–55
  • Need AG, Chatterton BE, Walker CJ, Steurer TA, Horowitz M, Nordin BEC. Comparison of calcium, calcitriol, ovarian hormones and nandrolone in the treatment of osteoporosis. Maturitas 1986;8:275–80
  • Nordin BEC. Calcium and osteoporosis Nutrition 1997;13:664–86
  • Ettinger B, Genant HK, Cann CE. Postmeno-pausal bone loss is prevented by treatment with low-dosage estrogen with calcium. Ann Intern Med 1987;106:40–5
  • Gallagher JC, Goldgar D. Treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis with high doses of syn-thetic calcitriol. Ann Intern Med 1990;113: 649–55
  • Balikian P, Burbank K, Houde J, et al. Bone mineral density and broadband ultrasound attenuation with estrogen treatment in post-menopausal women. J Gun Densitometry 1998; 1:19–26
  • Block JE, Smith R, Gleuer C-C, Steiger P, Ettinger B, Genant HK. Models of spinal trabecular bone loss as determined by quantitative computed tomography. J Bone Miner Res 1989;4:249–57
  • Nordin BEC, Need AG, Bridges A, Horowitz M. Relative contributions of years since menopause, age, and weight to vertebral density in postmeno-pausal women. J Gun Endocrinol Metab 1992; 74:20–3
  • Mazzuoli G, Acca M, Pisani D, et al. Annual skeletal balance and metabolic bone marker changes in healthy early postmenopausal women: results of a prospective study. Bone 2000;26: 381–6
  • Wark JD. Osteoporosis: pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention and management. In Burger HG, ed. Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism. London: Bailliere, 1993;7:151–81
  • Greenspan SL. A 73-year old woman with osteo-porosis. J Am Med Assoc 1999;281:1531–40
  • Forearm BMD. Lunar News Spring 1999:23–4
  • Bjarnason NH, Bjarnason K, Haarbo J, Rosenquist C, Christiansen C. Tibolone: preven-tion of bone loss in late postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996;81:2419–22
  • Wasnich RD, Davis JW, He Y-F, Petrovich H, Ross PD. A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial of chlorthalidone and bone loss in elderly women. Osteoporosis Int 1995;5:247–51
  • Lufkin EG, Whitaker MD, Nickelsen T, et al. Treatment of established postmenopausal osteo-porosis with raloxifene: a randomized trial. J Bone Miner Res 1998;13:1747–54
  • Eiken P, Kolthoff N, Pors Nielsen S. Effect of 10 years' hormone replacement therapy on bone mineral content in postmenopausal women. Bone 1996;19(Suppl):1915–35
  • Yu W, Gluer C-C, Fuerst T, et al. Influence of degenerative joint disease on spinal bone mineral measurements in postmenopausal women. Calcif Tissue Int 1995;57:169–74
  • Need AG, Wishart JM, Scopacasa F, HorowitzM, Morris HA, Nordin BEG. Effect of physical activity on femoral bone density in men. Br Med J 1995;310:1501–2
  • Morris HA, Need AG, Horowitz M, O'Loughlin PD, Nordin BEG. Calcium absorption in normal and osteoporotic postmenopausal women. Calcif Tissue Int 1991;49:240–3
  • Nordin BEG, Robertson A, Seamark RF, et al. The relation between calcium absorption, serum dehydroepiandrosterone, and vertebral mineral density in postmenopausal women. J Gun Endocrinol Metab 1985;60:651–7
  • Kohrt WM, Birge SJ. Differential effects of estro-gen treatment on bone mineral density of thespine, hip, wrist and total body in late postmeno-pausal women. Osteoporosis Int 1995;5:150–5
  • Van Der Poest Clement E, Patka P, Vandormael K, Haarman H, Lips P. The effect of alendronate on bone mass after distal forearm fracture. J Bone Miner Res 2000;15:586–93
  • Ravn P, Alexandersen P, Mollgaard A. Bone densitometry: a new, highly responsive region of interest in the distal forearm to monitor the effect of osteoporosis treatment. Osteoporosis Int 1999;9:277–83
  • Augat P, Fuerst T, Genant HK. Quantitative bone mineral assessment of the forearm: a review. Osteoporosis Int 1998;8:299–310

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.