References
- Aplin JD. Implantation, trophoblast differentiation and haemochorial placentation: mechanistic evidence in vivo and in vitro. J Cell Sci 1991;99:681–92
- Robinson J, Chidzanja S, Kind, K, et al. Placental control of fetal growth. Reprod Fertil Dev 1995; 7:333–44
- Alsat E, Guibourdenche J, Luton D, et al. Human placental growth hormone. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997;6:1526–34
- Li RH, Zhuang LZ. The effect of growth factors on human normal placental cytotrophoblast cell proliferation. Hum Reprod 1997;4:830–4
- Sands J, Dobbing J. Continuing growth and develop-ment of the third-trimester human placenta. Placenta 1985;6:13–21
- Freinkel N. The Banting lecture 1980. Of pregnancy and progeny. Diabetes 1980;29:1023–35
- Metzger BE. Proceedings of the Third International Workshop — Conference on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes 1991;40:1–201
- Lao TT, Lee CP, Wong WM. Placental weight to birthweight ratio is increased in mild gestational glucose intolerance. Placenta 1997;18:227–30
- CowettRM, Susa JB, Kahn CB, et al. Glucose kinetics in nondiabetic and diabetic women during the third trimester of pregnancy. AmJ Obstet Gynecol1983;146: 773–80
- Susa JB, Neave, C, Sehgal P, et al. Chronic hyper-insulinemia in the fetal rhesus monkey. Effect of physiologic hyperinsulinemia on fetal growth and composition. Diabetes 1984;33:656–60
- Chen CF, Kurachi H, Fujida Y. Changes in epidermal growth factor receptor and its messenger ribonucleic acid levels in human placenta and isolated trophoblast cells during pregnancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1988;71:923–8
- Jonas HA, Harrison LC. The human placenta contains two distinct binding and immunoreactive species of insulin-like growth factor I receptors. J Biol Chem 1985;260:2288–94
- Han VK, Hunter ES, Pratt RM. Expression of rat transforming growth factor alpha during development occurs predominantly in the maternal decidua. Mol Cell Biol 1987;7:2335–43
- Bahn RS, Speeg KV, Ascoli M, et al. Epidermal growth factor stimulates production of progesterone in cultured human choriocarcinoma cells. Endocrin-ology 1980;107:2121–3
- Denton RM, Tavare, JM. Molecular basis of insulin actions on intracellular metabolism. In: Alberti KGMM, Zimmet P, De Fronzo RA, eds. International Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1997:469–88
- White MF. The insulin signaling system and the IRS proteins. Diabetologia 1997;40:S2–17
- Kahn CR. Insulin receptors and insulin signaling in normal and disease states. In Alberti KGMM, Zimmet P, De Fronzo RA, eds. International Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1997:437–67
- Posner BI. Insulin receptors in human and animal placental tissue. Diabetes 1974;27:209–17
- Bifulco G, Di Carlo C, Caruso M, et al. Glucose regulates insulin mitogenic effect by modulating SHP-2 activation and localization in JAr cells. J Biol Chem 2002;277:24306–14
- Fantus IG, Tsiani E. Multifunctional actions of vanadium compounds on insulin signaling pathways: evidence for preferential enhancement of metabolic versus mitogenic effects. Mol Cell Biochem 1998;182:109–19
- Miele C, Caruso M, Calleja V, et al. Differential role of insulin receptor substrate (IRS1) and IR52 in L6 skeletal muscle expressing the Arg1152Gln insulin receptor. J Biol Chem 1999;274:3094–102
- Marshall CJ. Specificity of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling transient versus sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation. Cell 1995;80: 225–36
- Khune MR, Pawson T, Lienhard GE, et al. The insulin receptor substrate 1 associates with the 5H2-containing phosphotyrosine phosphatase Syp. J Biol Chem 1993;268:11479–81
- Reen SG, Braunstein GD. Insulin stimulates synthesis and release of human chorionic gonadotropin by chorio carcinoma cell lines. Endocrinology 1991;128: 1623–9
- Clarson LH, Glazier JD, Sides NK, et al. Expression of the facilitated glucose transporters GLUT1 and GLUT3 by choriocarcinoma cell line (JAr) and cytotrophoblast cells in culture. Placenta 1997;18: 333–9
- Klarlund JK. Transformation of cells by an inhibitor of phosphatase acting on phospho tyrosine proteins. Cell 1985;41:707–17
- Cruz TF, Morgan A, Min W. In vitro and in vivo antineoplastic effects of orthovanadate. Mol Cell Biochem 1995;153:161–6
- Goldfine AB, Simonson DC, Folli F, et al. In vivo and in vitro studies of vanadate in human and rodent diabetes mellitus. Mol Cell Biochem 1995;153:217–31
- Cohen N, Halberstam M, Shlimovich A, et al. Oral vanadyl sulfate improves hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity in patients with non-insulin diabetes mellitus. J Clin Invest 1995;95:2501–9