Changeability, confidence, common sense and corroboration: comprehensive suicide risk assessment

REFERENCES

• Pirkis J, Burgess P. Suicide and recency of health care contacts. A systematic review. British Journal of Psychiatry 1998; 173: 462–474
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawrence D, D'Arcy C, Holman J, Jablensky AV, Fuller SA, Stoney AJ. Increasing rates of suicide in Western Australian psychiatric patients: a record linkage study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 2001; 104: 443–451
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Conwell Y, Duberstien PR, Cox C, Herrmann JH, Forbes NT, Caine ED. Relationships of age and axis I diagnosis in victims of completed suicide: a psychological autopsy study. American Journal of Psychiatry 1996; 153: 2002–2008
   Google Scholar
• Barroclough B, Bunch J, Nelson B, et al. A hundred cases of suicide: clinical aspects. British Journal of Psychiatry 1975; 125: 355–373
   Google Scholar
• Hawton K, Fagg J, Platt S, Hawkins M. Factors associated with suicide after parasuicide in young people. British Medical Journal 1993; 306: 1993
   Google Scholar
• Beautrais AL. Risk factors for suicide and attempted suicide among young people. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 2000; 34: 420–436
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fergusson DM, Horwood L, Beautrais A. Is sexual orientation related to mental health problems and suicidality in young people?. Archives of General Psychiatry 1999; 56: 876–880
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beautrais AL, Joyce PR, Mulder RT. Risk factors for serious suicide attempts among youths aged 13 through to 24 years. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 1996; 35: 1174–1182
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fergusson DM, Horwood LJ, Lynskey MT. Childhood sexual abuse and psychiatric disorder in young adulthood. II. Psychiatric outcomes of childhood sexual abuse. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 1996; 35: 1365–1374
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brent DA, Perper JA, Moritz G, et al. Familial risk factors for adolescent suicide: a case‐control study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 1994; 89: 52–58
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beautrais A. Risk factors for suicide and attempted suicide amongst young people. A literature review. National Youth Suicide Prevention Strategy: Setting the Scene. A Literature Review. National Health and Medical Research Council, Canberra 1999; 113–278
   Google Scholar
• Brent DA, Perper JA, Moritz G, et al. Stressful life events: psychopathology and adolescent suicide: a case control study. Suicide and Life Threatening Behaviour 1993; 23: 179–187
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalton V. Suicide in prison 1980–1998: National Overview. Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice 1999; 126: 1–6
   Google Scholar
• Goldney RD, Grande ED, Fisher LJ, Wilson D. Population attributable risk of major depression for suicidal ideation in a random representative community sample. Journal of Affective Disorders 2003; 74: 267–272
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes DH. Can the clinician predict suicide?. Psychiatric Services 1995; 46: 449–451
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldacre M, Seagroatt V, Hawton K. Suicide after discharge from psychiatric inpatient care. Lancet 1993; 342: 283–286
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geddes JR, Juszczak E. Period trends in rate of suicide in the first 28 days after discharge from psychiatric hospital in Scotland 1968–92. British Medical Journal 1995; 311: 357–360
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Morgan HG. Management of suicide risk. Psychiatric Bulletin 1997; 21: 214–216
   Google Scholar
• Van Heeringen K, Hawton K, Williams JMG. Pathways to suicide: an integrative approach. The International Handbook of Suicide and Attempted Suicide, K Hawton, K van Heeringen. Wiley & Sons, Chichester 2000; 223–234
   Google Scholar
• Appleby L, Cooper J, Amos T, Faragher B. Psychological autopsy study of suicides by people aged under 35. British Journal of Psychiatry 1999; 175: 168–174
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen AT, Chen TH, Chen CC, Jenkines R. Psychosocial and psychiatric risk factors for suicide. British Journal of Psychiatry 2000; 177: 360–365
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fry A. Blacktown Youth Suicide Prevention Project. Suicide and Self Harming Behaviour in Young People from Diverse Ethnic Backgrounds. University of Western Sydney, Kingswood, NSW 1999
   Google Scholar
• Gould MS, Fisher P, Parides M, Flory M, Shaffer D. Psychological risk factors of child and adolescent completed suicide. Archives of General Psychiatry 1996; 53: 1155–1162
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linehan MM. A Social‐Behavioural Analysis of Suicide and Parasuicide: Implications for Clinical Assessment and Treatment. Depression, Behavioural and Directive Intervention Strategies, H Glazer, JF Clarkin. Garland, New York 1981; 229–294
   Google Scholar
• Beautrais AL. Subsequent mortality in medically serious suicide attempts: a 5 year follow up. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 2003; 37: 595–599
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawton K, Zahl D, Weatherall R. Suicide following deliberate self‐harm: long term follow up of patients who presented to a general hospital. British Journal of Psychiatry 2003; 182: 537–542
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soloff PH, Lynch KG, Kelly TM, Malone KM, Mann JJ. Characteristics of suicide attempts of patients with major depressive episode and borderline personality disorder: a comparative study. American Journal of Psychiatry 2000; 157: 601–608
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pokorny AD. Prediction of suicide in psychiatric patients: report of a prospective study. Archives of General Psychiatry 1983; 45: 249–257
   Google Scholar
• Goldstein RB, Black DW, Nasrallah MA, Winokur MD. The prediction of suicide. Archives of General Psychiatry 1991; 48: 418–422
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White TW. How to Identify Suicidal People. A Systematic Approach to Risk Assessment. Charles Press, Philadelphia 1999
   Google Scholar
• Cantor CH. Clinical management of parasuicides: critical issues in the 1990s. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 1994; 28: 212–221
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rissmiller DJ, Steer R, Ranieri WF, et al. Factors complicating cost containment in the treatment of suicidal patients. Hospital and Community Psychiatry 1994; 45: 782–788
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cantor H, McDermott PM. Suicide litigation: from legal to clinical wisdom. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 1994; 28: 431–437
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appleby L, Morriss R, Gask L, et al. An educational intervention for front‐line health professionals in the assessment and management of suicide patients (the STORM Project). Psychological Medicine 2000; 30: 805–812
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar