References
- NIH Consensus Development Panel on the Effect of Cortico-steroids for Fetal Maturation on Perinatal Outcomes. Effect of corticosteroids for fetal maturation on perinatal outcomes. J Am Med Assoc 1995;273:413–18
- McLain CR. Amniography studies of the gastrointestinal motility of the human fetus. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1963;86: 1079–87
- Neu J. Functional development of the fetal gastrointestinal tract. Semin Perinatol 1989;13:224–35
- Ciftci AO, Tanyel FC, Ercan MT, et al. In utero defecation by the normal fetus: a radionuclide study in the rabbit. J Pediatr Surg 1996;31:1409–12
- Ciftci AO, Tanyel FC, Karnak I, et al. In-utero defecation:fact or fiction? Eur J Pediatr Surg 1999;9:376–80
- Dumont RC, Rudolph CD. Development of gastrointestinal motility in the infant and child. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1994;23:655–70
- Buchmiller TL, Fonkalsrud EW, Kim CS, et al. Up regulation of nutrient transport in fetal rabbit intestine by transamniotic substrate administration. J Surg Res 1992;52:443–7
- Buchmiller TL, Shaw KS, Chopourian HL, et al. Effect of transamniotic administration of epidermal growth factor on fetal rabbit small intestinal nutrient transport and disaccharidase development. J Pediatr Surg 1993;28:1239–44
- Buchmiller TL, Kim CS, Chopourian HL, et al. Transamniotic fetal feeding: enhancement of growth in a rabbit model of intrauterine growth retardation. Surgery 1994;116:36–41
- Tomomasa T, Hyman PE, Hsu Cl, et al. Development of the muscarinic receptor in rabbit gastric smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 1988;254:0680–6
- Langer JC, Bramlett G. Effect of prokinetic agents on ileal contractility in a rabbit model of gastroschisis. J Pediatr Surg 1997;32:605–8
- Imbimbo BP, Gardino L, Palmas F, et al. Different effects of atropine and cimetropium bromide on gastric emptying of liquids and antroduodenal motor activity in man. Hepato - gastroenterology 1990;37:242–6
- Sas e M, Lee J, Ross MG, et al. Effect of hypoxia on fetal gastro-intestinal motility. J Surg Res 2001;99:347–51
- Okamoto E, Ueda T. Embryogenesis of intramural ganglia of the gut and its relation to Hirschprung disease. J Pediatr Surg 1967;2:437–43
- Vanhoutte JJ, Katzman D. Roentgenographic manifestations of immaturity of the intestinal neural plexus in premature infants. Radiology 1973;106:363–7
- Goldstein I, Lockwood C, Hobbins JC. Ultrasound assessment of fetal intestinal development in the e valuation of gestational age. Obstet Gynecol 1987;70:682–6
- Parulekar SG. Sonography of normal fetal bowel. J Ultrasound Med 1991;10:211–20
- Sase M, Tamura H, Ueda K, et al. Sonographic evaluation of antepartum development of fetal gastric motility. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1999;13:323–6
- Nelson JM, Krummel TM, Haynes JH, et al. Operative techniques in the fetal rabbit. J Invest Surg 1990;3:393–8
- Brandt ML, Moise KJ Jr, Eckert JW, et al. Transuterine punc-ture of the fetal stomach provides access to the small bowel in the rabbit. J Invest Surg 1997;10:41–6
- Katzung BO. Cholinoceptor-blocking drugs. In Katzung BO, ed. Stamford, Connecticut: Appleton &. Lange, 1998:105–10
- Sabik JF, Assad RS, Hanley FL. Halothane as an anesthetic for fetal surgery. J Pediatr Surg 1993;28:542–6
- Schurizek BA. The effects of general anaesthesia on antro-duodenal motility, gastric pH and gastric emptying in man. Dan Med Bull 1991;38:347–65
- Scrivani PV, Bednarski RM, Myer CW. Effects of acepro-mazine and butorphanol on positive-contrast upper gastro-intestinal tract examination in dogs. Am J Vet Res 1998;59: 1227–33
- Burnham TH. Drug Facts and Comparisons. St Louis, Missouri: Facts and Comparisons, 2000:1153