Epidemiology of tinea capitis

References

• Marples MJ. The ecology of Microsporum canis Bodin in New Zealand. J Hyg 1956; 54: 378–387.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Frank AG, Taschdjian CL. Incidence of etiology of tinea capitis. Arch Dermatol 1956; 74: 348–351.
   Google Scholar
• Aly R. Ecology, epidemiology and diagnosis of tinea capitis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1999; 18: 180–185.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bronson DM, Desai DR, Barsky S, Foley SM. An epidemic of infection with Trichophyton tonsurans revealed in a 20-year survey of fungal infections in Chicago. J Am Acad Dermatol 1983; 8: 322–330.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laude TA, Shah BR. Tinea capitis in Brooklyn. Am J Dis Child 1983; 136: 1047–1050.
   Google Scholar
• Pipkin JL. Tinea capitis in the adult and adolescent. Arch Dermatol 1952; 66: 9–36.
   Google Scholar
• Babel DE, Baughman SA. Evaluation of the adult carrier state in juvenile tinea capitis caused by Trichophyton tonsurans. J Am Acad Dermatol 1989; 21: 1209–1212.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Labato MN, Vugia DJ, Frieden IJ. Tinea capitis in California children. A population based study of a growing epidemic. Pediatrics 1997; 99: 551–554.
   Google Scholar
• Aly R. Incidence of dermatophytes in the San Francisco Bay Area. Dermatologica 1980; 161: 97–100.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wilmington M, Aly R, Frieden IJ. Trichophyton tonsurans tinea capitis in the San Francisco Bay Area. Increased infection from 1974 to 1994. J Med Vet Mycol 1996; 34: 285–287.
   Google Scholar
• Kemna ME, Elewski BE. A US epidemiologic survey of superfi-cial fungal diseases. J Am Acad Dermatol 1996; 35: 539–542.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta AK, Summerbell RC. Increased incidence of Trichophy-ton tonsurans tinea capitis in Ontario, Canada, between 1985 and 1996. Med Mycol 1998; 36: 55–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ross S, Rubianes El, Lugo-Somolinos A, Vanquz-Botet M, Sanchez JL. Epidemiological study of tinea capitis in Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico Health Sci J 1993; 12: 287–289.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Filho ST, Cuce LC, Foss NT, et al. Efficacy, safety and tolerability of terbinafme for tinea capitis in children: Brazilian multicentric study with daily oral tablets for 1, 2 and 4 weeks. J Ear Acad Dermatol Venereol 1998; 11: 141–146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davel G, Perrotta D, Canteros C, et al. Multicenter study of superficial mycoses in Argentina EMMS group. Rev Argent Microbiol 1999; 31: 173–181.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mangiaterra ML, Giusiano GE, Alonso JM, et al. Dermato-phytosis in the greater Resistencia ares, Chaco Province, Ar-gentina. Rev Argent Microbiol 1998; 30: 79–83.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hay RJ, Clayton YM, De Silva N, Midgley G, Rossor E. Tinea capitis in south-east London - a new pattern of infection with public health implications. Br J Dermatol 1996; 135: 955–958.
   Google Scholar
• Viguie-Vallanet C, Savaglio N, Piat C, Tourte-Schaefer C. Epidemiology of Microsporum langeronii tinea capitis in the Paris suburban area. Results of 2 school and familial surveys. Ann Dermatol Venereol 1997; 124: 696–699.
   Google Scholar
• Cuetara MS, Del Palacio A, Pereiro M, Noriega AR. Preva-lence of undetected tinea capitis in a prospective school survey in Madrid: emergence of new causative fungi. Br J Dermatol 1998; 138: 658–660.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leeming JG, Elliott TS. The emergence of Trichophyton ton-surans tinea capitis in Birmingham, UK. Br J Dermatol 1995; 133: 929–931.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anonymous. Scalp ringworm in London. Communicable Dis-ease Report. CDR Weekly 1995; 5: 179.
   Google Scholar
• Cremer G, Bousseloua N, Roudot-Thoraval F, Couin R, Revuz J. Tinea capitis in Creteil. Trends over ten years. Ann Dermatol Venereol 1998; 125: 171–173.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Flammia M, Vannini P, Difonzo EM. Tinea capitis in the Florence area between 1985 and 1993. Mycoses 1995; 38: 325–328.
   Google Scholar
• Mackenzie DW. The mycological diagnostic service: a five-year survey (1959-1963). Ulster Med J 1964; 33: 94–100.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Figueroa JI, Hawranek T, Abraha A, Hay RJ. Tinea capitis in south-western Ethiopia: a study of risk factors for infection and carriage. Int J Dermatol 1997; 36: 661–666.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jimenez Capilla A, Ocaiia J, Castilla R, Beltran M, Martin A. Lucha sanitaria contra las micosis superficiales en la provincia de Granada. Actas Dermo Sif 1972; 63: 343–356.
   Google Scholar
• Cuétara MS, del Palacio A, Pereiro M, Amor E, Alvarez C, Noriega AR. Prevalence of undetected tinea capitis in a school survey in Spain. Mycoses 1997; 40: 131–137.
   Google Scholar
• Cuétara MS, del Palacio A, Pereiro M, Amor E, Noriega AR. Cambios epidemiológicos observados recientemente en las der-matofitosis en el area del Hospital 12 Octubre. Rev Iberoam Micol 1995; 12: 114–115.
   Google Scholar
• del Palacio-Hemanz A, Gonzilw Lastra F, Moreno Palancar P. Estudio de las dermatofitosis in Madrid durante una década (1978-1987). Rev Iber Micol 1989; 6: 86–101.
   Google Scholar
• del Palacio A, Cuétara MS, Valle A, et al. Cambios epidemio-lógicos observados en un decenio en las dermatofitosis del Hospital Universitario '12 de Octubre' (Madrid, Spain). Rev Iberoam Micol 1999; 16: 101–106.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pereiro Miguens M, Ferreiros Espinosa M. Dermatophytes isolated in our clinic of Santiago de Compostela (Spain) in the last 27 years. Mykosen 1979; 23: 456–461.
   Google Scholar
• Pereiro Miguens M, Pereiro M, Pereiro M. Review of dermato-phytosis in Galicia from 1951 to 1987 and comparison with other areas of Spain. Mycopathologia 1991; 113: 65–78.
   Google Scholar
• del Palacio-Hernanz A, Cuétara-Garcia MS, Moreno-Palancar P, Gimeno Fernfindw C, Garcia-Bravo M. Las tiiias del cuero cabelludo en el area del Hospital 12 de octubre de Madrid (1978-1989). Aaas Dermo-Sif 1990; 81: 279–282.
   Google Scholar
• Mackenzie DWR. 'Hairbrush diagnosis' in detection and eradi-cation of nonfluorescent scalp ringworm. BMJ 1963; ii: 363–365.
   Google Scholar
• Carslaw RW. Favus of the scalp: observation on the manner of spread. Br J Dermatol 1955; 67: 392–396.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kligman AM, Constant ER Family of epidemic of tinea capitis due to T. tonsurans. Arch Dermatol Syph 1951; 63: 493–499.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ainsworth GC, Austwick PKC. Fungal Diseases of Animals. 2nd edn. Farnham Royal: Commonweath Agricultural Bureau, 1973.
   Google Scholar
• Rippon JW. The changing epidemiology and emerging patterns of dermatophyte species. In: McGinnis M, ed. Current Topics in Medical Mycology. Vol 1. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1985: 208–234.
   Google Scholar
• Alsop J, Prior AP. Ringworm infection in a cucumber green-house. BMJ 1961; i: 1081–1083.
   Google Scholar