Essential Oil Poisoning

REFERENCES

• Eisenberg D M, Kessler R C, Foster C, et al. Unconventional medicine in the United States. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 246–252
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rees W DW, Evans B K, Rhodes J. Treating irritable bowel syndrome with peppermint oil. BMJ 1979; 835–836
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carson C F, Cookson B D, Farrelly H D, Riley T V. Susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia. J Antimicrob Chemother 1995; 35: 421–424
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammer K A, Carson C F, Riley T V. Susceptibility of transient and commensal skin flora to the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree oil). Am J Infect Control 1996; 24: 186–189
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carson C F, Hammer K A, Riley T V. In vitro activity of the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia against Streptococcus species. J Antimicrob Chemother 1996; 37: 1177–1181
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soderberg T A, Johansson A, Gref R. Toxic effects of some conifer resin acids and tea tree oil on human epithelial and fibroblast cells. Toxicology 1996; 107: 99–109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anonymous. Rediscovering wormwood: Qinghaosu for malaria. Lancet 1992; 339: 649–651
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White NJ, Waller D, Crawley J, et al. Comparison of artemether and chloroquine for severe malaria in Gambian children. Lancet 1992; 339: 317–321
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kishore N, Mishra A K, Chansouria J PN. Fungitoxicity of essential oils against dermatophytes. Mycoses 1993; 36: 211–215
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faguet R A, Rowland K F. “Spice cabinet” intoxication. Am J Psychiatry 1978; 135: 860–861
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobs M R, Hornfeldt C S. Melaleuca oil poisoning. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1994; 32: 461–464
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pages N, Fournier G, Chamorro G, Salazar M. Teratogenic effects of Plecanthus fructicosus essential oil in mice. Phytotherapy Res 1991; 5: 94–96
   Google Scholar
• Payne R B. Nutmeg intoxication. N Engl J Med 1963; 269: 36–38
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anonymous. Toxic reactions to plant products sold in health food stores. Medical Let Drugs Ther 1979; 21: 29–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webb N JA, Pitt W R. Eucalyptus oil poisoning in childhood: 41 cases in south-east Queensland. J Paediatr Child Health 1993; 29: 368–371
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spoerke D G, Vandenberg S A, Smolinske S C. Eucalyptus oil: 14 cases of exposure. Vet Hum Toxicol 1989; 31: 166–168
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tibbalis J. Clinical effects and management of eucalyptus oil ingestion in infants and young children. Med J Aust 1995; 163: 177–180
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melis K, Bochner A, Janssens G. Accidental nasal eucalyptol and menthol instillation. Eur J Pediatr 1989; 148: 786–788
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maffei M, Sacco T. Chemical and morphometrical comparison between two peppermint notomorphs. Planta Med 1987; 53: 214–215
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perez Raya M D, Utrilla M P, Navarro M C, Jimenez J. CNS activity of Mentha rotundifolia and Mentha longifolia essential oil in mice and rats. Phytother Res 1990; 4: 232–234
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogers J, Tay H H, Misiewicz JJ. Peppermint oil. Lancet 1988; 1: 98–99
   Google Scholar
• Papa C M, Shelley W B. Menthol hypersensitivity. JAMA 1964; 189: 546–548
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perry P A, Dean B S, Krenzelok E P. Cinnamon oil abuse by adolescents. Vet Hum Toxicol 1990; 32: 162–164
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mihail R C. Oral leukoplakia caused by cinnamon food allergy. J Otolaryngol 1992; 21: 366–367
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Miller R L, Gould A R, Bernstein ML. Cinnamon-induced stomatitis venenata. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1992; 73: 708–716
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anderson I B, Mullen W H, Meeker J E, et al. Pennyroyal toxicity: Measurement of toxic metabolite levels in two cases and review of the literature. Ann Intern Med 1996; 124: 726–734
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bakerink J A, Gospe S M, Dimand R J, Eldrigde M W. Multiple organ failure after ingestion of pennyroyal oil from herbal tea in two infants. Pediatrics 1996; 98: 944–947
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon W P, Huitric A C, Seth C L, et al. The metabolism of the abortifacient terpene, (R)-(+)-Pulegone, to a proximate toxin, menthofuran. Drug Metab Dispos 1987; 15: 589–594
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomassen D, Slattery J T, Nelson S D. Contribution of menthofuran to the hepatotoxicity of pulegone: Assessment based on matched area under the curve and on matched time course. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1988; 244: 825–829
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomassen D, Slattery J T, Nelson S D. Menthofuran-dependent and independent aspects of pulegone hepatotoxicity: Roles of glutathione. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1990; 253: 567–572
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sullivan J B, Rumack B H, Thomas H, et al. Pennyroyal oil poisoning and hepatotoxicity. JAMA 1979; 242: 2873–2874
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar