The Problem of Post-Breast Cancer Lymphedema: Impact and Measurement Issues

References

• American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts and Figures—2003; American Cancer Society: Atlanta, GA, 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Jemel, J.; Tiwari, R C.; Murray, T.; Ghafoor, A.; Samuels, A.; Ward, E.; Feuer, E J.; Thun, M J. Cancer statistics—2004. CA, Cancer J. Clin. 2004, 54 (1), 8–26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casley-Smith, J R. Modern treatment of lymphoedema. Mod. Med. Aust. 2002, 5, 70–83.
   Google Scholar
• Mortimer, P S. The pathophysiology of lymphedema. Cancer Suppl. 1998, 83 (12), 2798–2802.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hull, M M. Functional and psychosocial aspects of lymphedema in women treated for breast cancer. Innov. Breast Cancer Care 1998, 3 (4), pp. 97–100, 117–118.
   Google Scholar
• Radina, M E.; Armer, J M. Post-breast cancer lymphedema and the family: a qualitative investigation of families coping with chronic illness. J. Family Nurs. 2001, 7 (3), 281–299. [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Armer, J M.; Whitman, M. The problem of lymphedema following breast cancer treatment: prevalence, symptoms, and self-management. Lymphology 2002, 35 (Suppl.), 153–159. [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Armer, J M. Living with lymphedema: a case study of secondary lymphedema in an elderly breast cancer survivor. Lymphology 2002, 35 (Suppl.), 203–207.
   Google Scholar
• Petrek, J A.; Heelan, M C. Incidence of breast carcinoma-related lymphedema. Cancer Suppl. 1998, 83 (12), 2776–2781.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meek, A G. Breast radiotherapy and lymphedema. Cancer Suppl. 1998, 83 (12), 2788–2797.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• International Society of Lymphology. The diagnosis and treatment of peripheral lymphedema: consensus document of the International Society of Lymphology. Lymphology 2003, 36, 84–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerber, L H. A review of measures of lymphedema. Cancer Suppl. 1998, 83 (12), 2803–2804.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Callaway, C W.; Chumlea, W C.; , et al. Circumferences. In Anthropometric Standardization Reference Manual; Lohman, T G., Roche, A F., Martorell, R., Eds.;Human Kinetics: Champaign, IL, 1988; 39–51.
   Google Scholar
• Geller, B M.; Vacek, P M.; O'Brien, P.; Secker-Walker, R H. Factors associated with arm swelling after breast cancer surgery. J. Womens Health 2003, 12 (9), 921–930. [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Cancer Society. Lymphedema. http://www.cancer.gov/cancerinfo/pdq/supportivecare/lymphedema/healthprofessional, (accessed October 14, 2003).
   Google Scholar
• Passik, S D.; McDonald, M V. Psychosocial aspects of upper extremity lymphedema in women treated for breast carcinoma. Cancer Suppl. 1998, 83 (12), 2817–2820.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rockson, S G. Precipitating factors in lymphedema: myths and realities. Cancer Suppl. 1998, 83 (12), 2814–2816.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer, T J.; Mark, M M. Effects of psychosocial interventions with adult cancer patients: a meta-analysis of randomized experiments. Health Psychol. 1995, 14 (2), 101–108. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armer, J M.; Fu, M.; Wainstock, J.; Zagar, E.; Jacobs, L K. Lymphedema following breast cancer treatment, including sentinel lymph node biopsy. Lymphology, 2004, 37(1), 73–91. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Deutsch, M.; Flickinger, J C. Arm edema after lumpectomy and breast irradiation. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 2003, 26 (3), 229–231. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coen, J J.L.; Taghian, A G.; Kachnic, L A.; Assaad, S I.; Powell, S N. Risk of lymphedema after regional nodal irradiation with breast conservation therapy. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 2003, 55 (5), 1209–1215. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voogd, A C.; Ververs, J M.; Vingerhoets, A J.; Roumen, R M.; Coebergh, J W.; Crommelin, M A. Lymphoedema and reduced shoulder function as indicators of quality of life after axillary lymph node dissection for invasive breast cancer. Br. J. Surg. 2003, 90 (1), 76–81. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozaslan, C.; Kuru, B. Lymphedema after treatment of breast cancer. Am. J. Surg. 2003, 187 (1), 69–72. [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pressman, P I. Surgical treatment and lymphedema. Cancer Suppl. 1998, 83 (12), 2782–2787.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porock, D. In Impact of seroma on the development of radiation skin reactions, International Society for Nurses in Cancer Care. 12th International Conference, London, UK, 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Harris, S R.; Hugi, M R.; Olivotto, I A.; Levine, M. Clinical practice guidelines for the care and treatment of breast cancer lymphedema. Can. Med. Assoc. J. 2001, 164 (2), 191–199.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Lymphedema Network: 18 steps to prevention. http://www.lymphnet.org/prevention.html#upper (accessed May 12, 2003).
   Google Scholar
• Yap, K P.; McCready, D R.; Narod, S.; Manchul, L A.; Trudeau, M.; Fyles, A. Factors influencing arm and axillary symptoms after treatment for node negative breast carcinoma. Cancer 2003, 97 (6), 1369–1375. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nattinger, A B.; Hoffmann, R G.; Kneusel, R T.; Schapira, M M. Relation between appropriateness of primary therapy for early-stage breast carcinoma and increased use of breast-conserving surgery. Lancet 2000, 356 (9236), 1148–1153. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humble, C A. Lymphedema: incidence, pathophysiology, management, and nursing care. Cont. Educ. 1995, 22 (10), 1503–1509.
   Google Scholar
• Mason, M. The treatment of lymphoedema by complex physical therapy. Aust. Physiother. 1993, 39 (1), 41–45.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rockson, S G.; Miller, L T.; Senie, R. Workgroup III. Diagnosis and management of lymphedema. Cancer Suppl. 1998, 83 (12), 2882–2885.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casley-Smith, J R.; Boris, M.; Weindorf, S.; Lasinski, B. Treatment for lymphedema of the arm—the Casley-Smith method. Cancer Suppl. 1998, 83 (12), 2843–2863.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hutzschenreuter, P O.; Wittlinger, H.; Wittlinger, G.; Kurz, I. Post-mastectomy arm lymph-edema: treated by manual lymph drainage and compression bandage therapy. PMR 1991, 1 (6), 166–170.
   Google Scholar
• Petreck, J A.; Pressman, P I.; Smith, R A. Lymphedema: current issues in research and management. CA, Cancer J. Clin. 2000, 50 (5), 292–307.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rose, K E.; Taylor, H M.; Twycross, R G. Long-term compliance with treatment in obstructive arm lymphedema in cancer. Palliat. Med. 1991, 5, 52–55.
   Google Scholar
• Armer, J M.; Heppner, P P.; Mallinckrodt, B. Post breast cancer treatment lymphedema: the hidden epidemic. Scope Phlebol. Lymphol. 2002, 9 (1), 334–341.
   Google Scholar
• Petlund, C F. Volumetry of limbs. In Lymph Stasis: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment; Olszewski, W I., Ed.; CRC Press: Boston, 1991; 444–451.
   Google Scholar
• Tierney, S.; Aslam, M.; Rennie, K.; Grace, P. Infrared optoelectronic volumetry, the ideal way to measure limb volume. Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. 1996, 12 (4), 412–417. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swedborg, I. Volumetric estimation of the degree of lymphedema and its therapy by pneumatic compression. Scand. J. Rehabilit. Med. 1977, 9, 131.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Armer, J M. Prospective nursing study of breast cancer lymphedema.2001, Unpublished raw data.
   Google Scholar
• Armer, J M. Nursing measurement of lymphedematous limbs.2000, Unpublished raw data.
   Google Scholar
• Armer, J M.; Radina, M E.; Porock, D.; Culbertson, S D. Prediction of breast cancer lymphedema based on lymphedema and breast cancer questionnaire (LBCQ) symptom report. Nurs. Res. 2003, 52 (6), 370–379. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holahan, C H.; Moos, R H.; Schaefer, J A. Coping, stress resistance, and growth: conceptualizing adaptive functioning. In Handbook of Coping: Theory, Research, Applications; Zeidner, M., Endler, N S. Wiley: New York, 1996.
   Google Scholar
• Reducing Risks for Mental Disorders: Frontiers Preventive Intervention Research; Mrazek, P J., Haggerty, R J. National Academy Press: Washington, DC, 1994.
   Google Scholar
• Handbook of Coping: Theory, Research, Applications; Zeidner, M., Endler, N S. Wiley: New York, 1996.
   Google Scholar