1,432
Views
101
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

PHARMACOLOGY OF TETRODOTOXIN

Pages 67-84 | Published online: 28 Feb 2001

REFERENCES

  • Cheng C. A., Hwang D. F., Tsai Y. H., Chen H. C., Jeng S. S., Noguchi T., Ohwada K., Hasimoto K. Microflora and tetrodotoxin-producing bacteria in a gastropod, Niotha clathrata. Food Chem. Toxicol 1995; 33: 929–934
  • Lee M. J., Jeong D. Y., Kim W. S., Kim H. D., Kim C. H., Park W. W., Park Y. H., Kim K. S., Kim H. M., Kim D. S. A tetrodotoxin-producing Vibrio strain, LM-1, from the puffer fish Fugu vermicularis radiatus. Appl. Env. Microbiol. 2000; 66: 1698–1701
  • Ritchie K. B., Nagelkerken I., James S., Smith G. W. Environmental microbiology: A tetrodotoxin-producing marine pathogen. Nature 2000; 404: 354
  • Simidu U., Kita-Tsukamoto K., Yasumoto T., Yostu M. Taxonomy of four marine bacterial strains that produce tetrodotoxin. Internal. J. System. Bacteriol. 1990; 40: 331–336
  • Yasumoto T., Nagai H., Yasumura D., Michishita T., Endo A., Yotsu M., Kotaki Y. Interspecies distribution and possible origin of tetrodotoxin. Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 1986; 479: 44–51
  • Yotsu M., Yamazaki T., Meguro Y., Endo A., Murata M., Naoki H., Yasumoto T. Production of tetrodotoxin and its derivatives by Pseudomonas sp. isolated from the skin of a pufferfish. Toxicon 1987; 25: 226–228
  • Matsumura K. Reexamination of tetrodotoxin production by bacteria. Appl. Env. Microbiol. 1995c; 61: 3468–3470
  • Daly J. W., Padgett W. L., Saunders R. L., Cover J. F., Jr. Absence of tetrodotoxins in a captive-raised riparian frog, Atelopus varius. Toxicon 1997; 35: 705–709
  • Kao C. Y. Tetrodotoxin, saxitoxin and their significance in the study of excitation phenomena. Pharmacol. Rev. 1966; 18: 997–1049
  • Schantz E. J., Lynch J. M., Vayvada G., Matsumoto K., Rapoport H. The purification and characterization of the poison produced by Gonyaulax catenella in axenic culture. Biochemistry 1966; 5: 1191–1195
  • Arakawa O., Noguchi T., Shida Y., Onoue Y. Occurrence of car-bamoyl-N-hydroxy derivatives of xanitoxin and neosaxitoxin in a xanthid crab Zosimus aeneus. Toxicon 1994; 32: 175–183
  • Daigo K., Uzu A., Arakawa O., Noguchi T., Seto H., Hashimoto K. Isolation and some properties of neosaxitoxin from a xanthid crab Zosimus aeneus. Nippon Suis. Gakk 1985; 51: 309–313
  • Harada T., Oshima Y, Yasumoto T. Natural occurrence of decarbamoylsaxitoxin in tropical dinoflagellate and bivalves. Agric. Biol. Chem. 1983; 47: 191–193
  • Koyama K., Noguchi T., Ueda Y., Hashimoto K. Occurrence of neosaxitoxin and other paralytic shellfish poisons in toxic crabs belonging to the family Xanthidae. Nippon Suis. Gakk 1981; 47: 965
  • Noguchi T., Konosu S., Hashimoto Y. Identity of the crab toxin with saxitoxin. Toxicon 1969; 7: 325–326
  • Noguchi T., Uzu A., Koyama K., Maruyama J., Nagashima Y., Hashimoto K. Occurrence of tetrodotoxin as the major toxin in a xanthid crab Atergatis floridus. Nippon Suis. Gak 1983; 49: 1887–1892
  • Yasusmoto T., Oshima Y., Hosaka M., Miyakoshi M. Analysis of paralytic shellfish toxins of xanthid crabs in Okinawa. Nippon Suis. Gakk 1981; 47: 957–959
  • Yasumura D., Oshima Y., Yasumoto T., Alcala A. C., Alcala L. C. Tetrodotoxin and paralytic shellfish toxins in Philippine crabs. Agric. Biol. Chem. 1986; 50: 593–598
  • Narahashi T. Chemicals as tools in the study of excitable membranes. Physiol. Rev. 1974; 54: 813–889
  • Narahashi T., Deguchi T., Urakawa N., Ohkubo Y. Stabilization and rectification of muscle fiber membrane by tetrodotoxin. Amer. J. Physiol. 1960; 198: 934–938
  • Narahashi T., Moore J. W., Scott W. R. Tetrodotoxin blockage of sodium conductance increase in lobster giant axons. J. Gen. Physiol. 1964; 47: 965–974
  • Agnew W. S. Voltage-regulated sodium channel molecules. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1984; 46: 517–530
  • Catterall W. A. Neurotoxins that act on voltage-sensitive sodium channels in excitable membranes. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol 1980; 20: 15–43
  • Catterall W. A. Cellular and molecular biology of voltage-gated sodium channels. Physiol. Rev. 1992; 72: S15–S48
  • Catterall W. A. From ionic currents to molecular mechanisms: The struc-ture and function of voltage-gated sodium channels. Neuron 2000; 26: 13–25
  • Narahashi T. Mechanism of tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin action. Hand-book of Natural Toxins, A. T. Tu. Marine Toxins and Venoms, Marcell Dekker, Inc., New York 1988; 3: 185–210
  • Narahashi T. Chemical modulation of sodium channels. Ion Channel Pharmacology, V. Ceña, B. Soria. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1998; 23–73
  • Narahashi T., Roy M. L., Ginsburg K. S. Recent advances in the study of mechanism of action of marine neurotoxins. Neuro Toxicology 1994; 15(3)545–554
  • Pappone P. A, Cahalan M. D. Ion permeation in cell membranes. In Physiology of Membrane Disorders, T. E. Adreoli, J. F. Hoffman, D. D. Fanestil, S. G. Schultz. Plenum Press, New York 1986; 249–272
  • Ritchie J. M., Rogart R. B. The binding of sanitoxin and tetrodotoxin to excitable tissue. Rev. Physiol Biochem. Pharmacol. 1997; 79: 1–49
  • Isom L. L., De Jongh K. S., Patton E. E., Reber B. F.X., Offord J., Charbonneau H., Walsh K., Goldin A. L., Catterall W. A. Primary struc-ture and functional expression of the β1 subunit of the rat brain sodium channel. Science 1992; 256: 839–842
  • Isom L. L., Ragsdale D. S., De Jongh K. S., Westenbroek R. E., Reber B. F.X., Scheuer T., Catterall W. A. Structure and function of the β2 subunit of brain sodium channels, a transmembrane glycoprotein with a CAM-motif. Cell 1995; 83: 433–442
  • Schreibmayer W., Wallner M, Lotan I. Mechanism of modulation of single sodium channels from skeletal muscle by the β1-subunit from rat brain. Pflügers Arch 1994; 426: 360–362
  • Guy H. R., Seetharamulu P. Molecular model of the action potential sodium channel. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1986; 508: 508–512
  • Cohen C. J., Bean B. P., Colatsky T. J, Tsien R. W. Tetrodotoxin block of sodium channels in rabbit Purkinje fibers. J. Gen. Physiol. 1981; 78: 383–411
  • Matsuki N., Hermsmeyer K. Tetrodotoxin-sensitive Na+ channels in isolated single cultured rat myocardial cells. Am. J. Physiol. 1983; 245: C381–C387
  • Baer M., Best P. M., Reuter H. Voltage-dependent action of tetrodotoxin in mammalian cardiac muscle. Nature 1976; 263: 344–345
  • Campbell D. T. Differential expression of Na channel subtypes in two populations of sensory neurons. Biophys. J. 1988; 53: 15a
  • Guo X., Strichartz G. Differential gating of TTX-sensitive and -resistant Na currents in bullfrog sensory neurons. Biophys. J. 1990; 57: 107a
  • Jones S. W. Two sodium currents in dissociated bullfrog sympathetic neurons. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 1986; 12: 1512
  • Bossu J. L., Feltz A. Patch-clamp study of the tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium current in group C sensory neurones. Neurosci. Lett 1984; 51: 241–246
  • Ikeda S. R., Schofield G. G. Tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium current of rat nodose neurones: monovalent cation selectivity and divalent cation block. J. Physiol. 1987; 389: 255–270
  • Ikeda S. R., Schofield G. G., Weight F. F. Na + and Ca2+currents of acutely isolated adult rat nodose ganglion cells. J. Neurophysiol. 1986; 55: 527–539
  • Kostyuk P. G., Veselovsky N. S., Tsyndrenko A. Y. Ionic currents in the somatic membrane of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons-I. Sodium currents. Neuroscience 1981; 6: 2423–2430
  • Matsuda Y., Yoshida S., Yonezawa T. Tetrodotoxin sensitivity and Ca component of action potentials of mouse dorsal root ganglion cells cultured in vitro. Brain Res 1978; 154: 69–82
  • McLean M. J., Bennett P. B., Thomas R. M. Subtypes of dorsal root ganglion neurons based on different inward currents as measured by whole-cell voltage clamp. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 1988; 80: 97–107
  • Schwartz A., Palti Y., Meiri H. Structural and developmental differences between three types of Na channels in dorsal root ganglion cells of newborn rats. J. Membrane Biol. 1990; 116: 117–128
  • Yoshida S, Matsuda Y., Samejima A. Tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium and calcium components of action potentials in dorsal root ganglion cells of the adult mouse. J. Neurophysiol. 1978; 41: 1096–1106
  • Grosskreutz J., Quasthoff S., Kuhn M., Grafe P. Capsaicin blocks tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium potentials and calcium potentials in unmy-elinated C fibres of biopsied human sural nerve in vitro. Neurosci. Letts 1996; 208: 49–52
  • Ogata N., Tatebayashi H. Slow inactivation of tetrodotoxin-insensitive Na + channels in neurons of rat dorsal root ganglia. J. Membrane Biol. 1992; 129: 71–80
  • Roy M. L., Narahashi T. Differential properties of tetrodotoxin-sensitive and tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channels in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. J. Neuroscience 1992; 12: 2104–2111
  • Ginsburg K. S., Narahashi T. Differential sensitivity of tetrodotoxin-sensitive and tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channels to the insecticide allethrin in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. Brain Res 1993; 627: 239–248
  • Tatebayashi H., Narahashi T. Differential mechanism of actin of the pyrethroid tetramethrin on tetrodotoxin-sensitive and tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channels. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1994; 270: 595–603
  • Chinn K., Narahashi T. Stabilization of sodium channel states by deltamethrin in mouse neuroblastoma cells. J. Physiol. 1986; 380: 191–207
  • Yamamoto D., Quandt F. N., Narahashi T. Modification of single sodium channels by the insecticide tetramethrin. Brain Res 1983; 274: 344–349
  • Catterall W. A. Structure and function of voltage-gated ion channels. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 1995; 64: 493–531
  • Goldin A. L. Diversity of mammalian voltage-gated sodium channels. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1999; 868: 38–50
  • Marban E., Yamagishi T., Tomaselli F. Structure and function of voltage-activated sodium channels. J. Physiol. 1998; 508: 647–657
  • Plummer N. W., Meisler M. H. Evolution and diversity of mammalian sodium channel genes. Genomics 1999; 57: 323–331
  • Shiomi K., Yamaguchi S., Kikuchi T., Yamamori K., Matsui T. Occurrence of tetrodotoxin-binding high molecular weight substances in the body fluid of shore crab (Hemigrapsus sanguineus). Toxicon 1992; 30: 1529–1537
  • Ho B., Yeo D. S., Ding J. L. A tetrodotoxin neutralizing system in the haemolymph of the horseshoe crab, Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda. Toxicon 1994; 32: 755–762
  • Hille B. The receptor for tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin. A structural hypothesis. Biophys. J 1975; 15: 615–619
  • Backx P. H., Yue D. T., Lawrence J. H., Marban E., Tomaselli G. F. Molecular localization of an ion-binding site within the pore of mammalian sodium channels. Science 1992; 257: 248–251
  • Heinemann S. H., Terlau H., Imoto K. Molecular basis for pharmaco-logical differences between brain and cardiac sodium channels. Pflügers Arch 1992; 422: 90–92
  • Penzotti J. L., Fozzard H. A., Lipkind G. M., Dudley S. C., Jr. Differences in saxitoxin and tetrodotoxin binding revealed by mutagenesis of the Na + channel outer vestibule. Biophys. J. 1998; 75: 2647–2657
  • Satin J., Kyle J. W., Chen M., Bell P., Cribbs L. L., Fozzard H. A., Rogart R. B. A mutant of TTX-resistant cardiac sodium channels with TTX-sensitive properties. Science 1992; 256: 1202–1205
  • Sunami A., Glaaser I. W., Fozzard H. A. A critical residue for isoform difference in tetrodotoxin affinity is a molecular determinant of the external access path for local anesthetics in the cardiac sodium channel. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2000; 97: 2326–2331
  • Sivilotti L., Okuse K., Akopian A. N., Moss S., Wood J. N. A single serine residue confers tetrodotoxin insensitivity on the rat sensory-neuron-specific sodium channel SNS. FEBS Lett 1997; 409: 49–52
  • Koroshetz W. J., Moskowitz M. A. Emerging treatments for stoke in humans. Trends Pharmacol. Sci 1996; 17: 227–233
  • Yamasaki Y., Kogure K., Hara H., Ban H., Akaike N. The possible involvement of tetrodotoxin-sensitive ion channels in ischemic neuronal damage in the rat hippocampus. Neurosci. Letts 1991; 121: 251–254
  • Lysko P. G., Webb C. L., Yue T. L., Gu J. L., Feuerstein G. Neuroprotective effects of tetrodotoxin as a Na + channel modulator and glutamate release inhibitor in cultured rat cerebellar neurons and in gerbil global brain ischemia. Stroke 1994; 25: 2476–2482
  • Rosenberg L. J., Teng Y. D., Wrathall J. R. Effects of the sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin on acute white matter pathology after experimental contusive spinal cord injury. J. Neurosci. 1999; 19: 6122–6133
  • Burack M. A, Stasheff S. F., Wilson W. A. Selective suppression of in vitro electrographic seizures by low-dose tetrodotoxin: a novel anticonvulsant effect. Epilepsy Res 1995; 22: 115–126
  • Graber K. D., Prince D. A. Tetrodotoxin prevents posttraumatic epileptogenesis in rats. Ann. Neurol 1999; 46: 234–242
  • Chang F. C., Bauer R. M., Benton B. J., Keller S. A., Capacio B. R. 4-Aminopyridine antagonizes saxitoxin- and tetrodotoxin-induced cardio-respiratory depression. Toxicon 1996; 34: 671–690
  • Chang F. C.T., Spriggs D. L., Benton B. J., Keller S. A., Capacio B. R. 4-Aminopyridine reverses saxitoxin (STX)- and tetrodotoxin (TTX)-induced cardiorespiratory depression in chronically instrumented guinea pigs. Fundament. Appl. Toxicol. 1997; 38: 75–88
  • Schwartz D. M., Duncan K. G., Duncan J. L. Experimental use of te-trodotoxin for corneal pain after excimer laser keratectomy. Cornea 1998a; 17: 196–199
  • Schwartz D. M., Fields H. L., Duncan K. G., Duncan J. L., Jones M. R. Experimental study of tetrodotoxin, a long-acting topical anesthetic. Amer. J. Ophthalmol. 1998b; 125: 481–487
  • Kohane D. S., Yieh J., Lu N. T., Langer R., Strichartz G. R., Berde C. B. A reexamination of tetrodotoxin for prolonged duration local anesthesia. Anesthesiology 1998; 89: 119–131
  • Garvin P. J., Niehoff M. L., Robinson S. M. Effects of tetrodotoxin and OKY-046 in renal ischemia reperfusion. J. Surgical Res. 1999; 85: 273–278
  • Li W. J., Bergman S. M., Holmes R. P., Strandhoy J. W., Handa R. K., McCullough D. L. Tetrodotoxin protects against acute ischemic renal fail-ure in the rat. J. Urol 1992; 147: 519–522
  • Matsumura K. In vivo neutralization of tetrodotoxin by a monoclonal anti-body. Toxicon 1995a; 33: 1239–1241
  • Matsumura K. monoclonal antibody against tetrodotoxin that reacts to the active group for the toxicity. A Europ. J. Pharmacol 1995b; 293: 41–45
  • Rivera V. R., Poli M. A., Bignami G. S. Prophylaxis and treatment with a monoclonal antibody of tetrodotoxin poisoning in mice. Toxicon 1995; 33: 1231–1237
  • Narahashi T., Moore J. W., Frazier D. T. Dependence of tetrodotoxin blockage of nerve membrane conductance on external pH. J. Pharmacol. Exper. Therap 1969; 169: 224–228
  • Narahashi T. Mode of action of dinoflagellate toxins on nerve membranes. Proceedings of the First International Conference on Toxic Dinoflagel-late Blooms, Nov. 4–6, 1974, V. R. LoCicero. MA, Science and Technology Foundation, Wakefield, MA 1975; 395–402
  • Catterall W., Mackie K. Local anesthetics. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, J. G. Hardman, L. E. Limbird. 9th Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York 1996; 331–347, Chapter 15

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.