References
- Mudd SH, Levy HL, Skovby G. Disorders of transulfuration. In: Scriver C, Beaudet AL, Sly WS, Valle D, eds. The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease, 6th edn, Vol. 1. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1989:693–734
- Mudd SH, Skovby F, Levy HL, et al. The natural history of homocystinuria due to cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet 1985;37:1–31
- Refsum H, Ueland PM, Nygard O, Vollset SE. Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease. Annu Rev Med 1998;49:31–62
- Boushey CJ, Beresford SA, Omenn GS, Motulsky AG. A quantitative assessment of plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease. JAMA 1995;274:1049–57
- Cleophas TJ, Hornstra N, van Hoogstraten B, van der Meulen J. Homocysteine, a risk factor for coronary artery disease or not? A meta-analysis. Am J Cardiol 2000;s86:1005–9
- Murphy-Chutorian DR, Wexman MP, Grieco AJ, et al. Methionine intolerance: a possible risk factor for coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 1985;6:725–30
- Genest JJ Jr, Mc Namara JR, Salem DN, Wilson PW, Schaefer EJ, Malinow MR. Plasma homocysteine levels in men with premature coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990;16:1114–19
- Kang S-S, Wong PW, Cook HY, et al. Protein-bound homocysteine: a possible risk factor for coronary artery disease. J Clin Invest 1986;77:1482–6
- Wilcken DEL, Reddy SG, Gupta VJ. Homocysteinemia ischemic heart disease, and the carrier state for homocystinuria. Metabolism 1983;32:363–70
- Israelsson B, Brattstrom LE, Hultberg BL. Homocysteine and myocardial infarction Atherosclerosis 1988;71:227–33
- Ubbink JB, Vermaak WJH, Bennett JM, Becker PI, van Staden DA, Bissbort S. The prevalence of homocysteinemia and hypercholesterolemia in angiographically defined coronary artery disease Klin Wochenschr 1991;69:527–34
- Pancharuniti N, Lewis CA, Sauberlich HE, et al. Plasma homocyst(e)ine, folate, and vitamin B12 concentrations and risk for early-onset coronary artery disease Am J Clin Nutr 1994;59: 940–8
- von Eckardstein A, Malinow MR, Upson B, et al. Effects of age, lipoproteins, and hemostatic parameters on the role of homocyst(e)inemia as a cardiovascular risk factor in men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1994;14:460–4
- Wu LL, Wu J, Hunt SC, et al. Plasma homocyst(e)ine as a risk factor for early familial coronary artery disease. Clin Chem. 1994;40:552–61
- Dalery K, Lussier-Cacan S, Selhub J, Davignon J, Latour Y, Genest J. Homocysteine and coronary artery disease in French Canadian subjects: relation with vitamins B12, B6, pyridoxal phosphate, and folate. Am J Cardiol 1995;75:1107–11
- Landgren F, Israelsson B, Lindgren A, Hultberg B, Anderson A, Brattstrom L. Plasma homocysteine in acute myocardial infarction: homocysteine-lowering effect of folic acid. J Intern Med 1995;237:381–8
- Robinson K, Mayer EL, Miller DP, et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia and low pyridoxal phosphate: common and independent reversible risk factors for coronary artery disease. Circulation 1995;92:2825–30
- Verhoef P, Stampfer MJ, Buring JE, et al. Homocysteine metabolism and risk of myocardial infarction relation with vitamins B6, B12, and folate. Am J Epidemiol 1996;143:845–59
- Graham IM, Daly LE, Refsum HM, et al. Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease: the European Concerted Action Project. JAMA 1997;277:1775–81
- Schwartz SM, Siscovick DS, Malinow MR, et al. Myocardial infarction in young women in relation to plasma total homocysteine, folate, and a common variant in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene. Circulation 1997;96:412–17
- Verhoef P, Kok FJ, Kruyssen ACM, et al. Plasma total homocysteine, B vitamins and risk of coronary atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997;17:989–95
- Doshi SN, McDowell Ian FW, Moat SJ, et al. Folic acid improves endothelial function in coronary artery disease via mechanisms largely independent of homocysteine lowering. Circulation 2002;105:22–6
- Evans RW, Shaten BJ, Hempel JD, et al. Homocysteine and risk of cardiovascular disease in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997;17:1947–53
- Christen WG, Ajani UA, Glynn RJ, Hennekens CH. Blood levels of homocysteine and increased risks of cardiovascular disease. Arch Intern Med 2000;160:422–34
- Nygard O, Nordrehaug JE, Refsum H, et al. Plasma homocysteine levels and mortality in patients with coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 1997;337:230–6
- Welch NG, Loscalzo J. Homocysteine and atherothrombosis (review article). N Engl J Med 1998;338:1042–50
- Stubbs PJ, Al-Obaidi MK, Conroy RM, Collinson PO, et al. Effect of plasma homocysteine concentration on early and late events in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Circulation 2000;102:605–10
- Schnyder G, Pin R, Roffi M, Flammer Y, Hess OM. Association of plasma homocysteine with the number of major coronary arteries severely narrowed. Am J Cardiol 2001;88:1027–30