References
- Yerby MS. Special considerations for women with epilepsy. Pharmacotherapy 2000;20:159S–70
- Yerby MS. Quality of life, epilepsy advances, and the evolving role of anticonvulsants in women with epilepsy. Neurology 2000;55:S21–31
- McElhatton P. Teratogenic drugs – part 1. Adverse Drug React Bull 2002;213:815–8
- McAuley JW, Anderson GD. Treatment of epilepsy in women of reproductive age: pharmacokinetic considerations. Clin Pharmacokinet 2002;41:559–79
- Tatum WO, Liporace J, Benbadis SR, et al. Updates on the treatment of epilepsy in women. Arch Intern Med 2004;164: 137–45
- Nulman I, Laslo D, Koren G. Treatment of epilepsy in pregnancy. Drugs 1999;57:535–44
- Bar-Oz B, Nulman I, Koren G, et al. Anticonvulsants and breast feeding: a critical review. Paediatr Drugs 2000;2:113–26
- Hagg S, Spigset O. Anticonvulsant use during lactation. Drug Saf 2000;22:425–40
- Pennell PB. Antiepileptic drug pharmacokinetics during pregnancy and lactation. Neurology 2003;61:S35–42
- McLean MJ, Schmutz M, Wamil AW, et al. Oxcarbazepine: mechanisms of action. Epilepsia 1994;35(Suppl 3):S5–9
- Stefani A, Pisani A, De Murtas M, et al. Action of GP 47779, the active metabolite of oxcarbazepine, on the corticostriatal system. II. Modulation of high-voltage-activated calcium currents. Epilepsia 1995;36:997–1002
- French JA, Kanner AM, Bautista J, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of the new antiepileptic drugs I: treatment of new onset epilepsy: report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee and Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the American Epilepsy Society. Neurology 2004;62:1252–60
- Morrell MJ. Reproductive and metabolic disorders in women with epilepsy. Epilepsia 2003;44(Suppl 4):11–20
- Omtzigt JG, Los FJ, Grobbee DE, et al. The risk of spina bifida aperta after first-trimester exposure to valproate in a prenatal cohort. Neurology 1992;42:119–25
- Rosa FW. Spina bifida in infants of women treated with carbamazepine during pregnancy. N Engl J Med 1991;324: 674–7
- Holmes LB, Harvey EA, Coull BA, et al. The teratogenicity of anticonvulsant drugs. N Engl J Med 2001;344:1132–8
- Samren EB, van Duijn CM, Christiaens GC, et al. Antiepileptic drug regimens and major congenital abnormalities in the offspring. Ann Neurol 1999;46:739–46
- Holmes LB, Wyszynski DF. North American antiepileptic drug pregnancy registry. Epilepsia 2004;45:1465
- Morrow J, Craig J. Epilepsy, pregnancy and the advent of pregnancy registers. Prog Neurol Psychiatry 2004;8:24–8
- Tomson T, Battino D, Bonizzoni E, et al. EURAP: an international registry of antiepileptic drugs and pregnancy. Epilepsia 2004;45:1463–4
- Russell AJ, Craig JJ, Morrison P, et al. U.K. epilepsy and pregnancy group. Epilepsia 2004;45:1467
- Vajda F, Lander C, O’brien T, et al. Australian pregnancy registry of women taking antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsia 2004;45:1466
- Meischenguiser R, D’Giano CH, Ferraro SM. Oxcarbazepine in pregnancy: clinical experience in Argentina. Epilepsy Behav 2004;5:163–7
- Sabers A, Dam M, a-Rogvi-Hansen B, et al. Epilepsy and pregnancy: lamotrigine as main drug used. Acta Neurol Scand 2004;109:9–13
- Artama M, Auvinen A, Isojarvi J. Pregnancy outcomes in women with epilepsy taking oxcarbazepine (Trileptal): Findings from a Finnish National Epilepsy cohort. Epilepsia 2004;45 (Suppl 3):130
- Lassiter A, Mamie M-M, Cid-Ruzafa J, et al. Pregnancy outcomes with oxcarbazepine (Trileptal) therapy: A review of Novartis safety database. Epilepsia 2004;45(Suppl 3):130
- Andermann E. Pregnancy and oxcarbazepine. Epilepsia 1994;35:S26
- Gentile S. Oxcarbazepine in pregnancy and lactation. Clin Drug Invest 2004;23:687
- Lindhout D, Omtzigt JG. Teratogenic effects of antiepileptic drugs: implications for the management of epilepsy in women of childbearing age. Epilepsia 1994;35(Suppl 4):S19–28
- Suwelack K, Thanhauser A. Neue antiepileptika und teratogenitat. Z Epileptol 2002;15:74
- Fonager K, Larsen H, Pedersen L, et al. Birth outcomes in women exposed to anticonvulsant drugs. Acta Neurol Scand 2000;101:289–94
- Hvas CL, Henriksen TB, Ostergaard JR, et al. Epilepsy and pregnancy: effect of antiepileptic drugs and lifestyle on birthweight. BJOG 2000;107:896–902
- Friis ML, Kristensen O, Boas J, et al. Therapeutic experiences with 947 epileptic out-patients in oxcarbazepine treatment. Acta Neurol Scand 1993;87:224–7
- Kaaja E, Kaaja R, Hiilesmaa V. Major malformations in offspring of women with epilepsy. Neurology 2003;60:575–9
- Meischenguiser R, D’Giano CH, Ferraro SM. Major malformations in offspring of women with epilepsy. Neurology 2003;61: 1631
- Miller M, D’Souza J, Zaninelli R. Major malformations in offspring of women with epilepsy. Neurology 2003;61:1631
- Kalviainen R, Viinikainen K, Heinonen S, et al. Epilepsy and pregnancy: outcome of a cohort of 117 singleton pregnancies. Neurology 2002;58 [Abstract 104]
- Peltola J, Kaartinen M, Uotila J. Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal®) and pregnancy outcomes: report of a single-centre, retrospective study. Eur J Neurol 2003;10:144
- Bilic S, Steinhoff BJ. Schwangerschaftsverlauf bei prognostisch ungunstiger Gesamtkonstellation. Z Epileptol 2004;17:165
- Jedrzejczak J, Greese-Lyko M. Evaluation of teratogenic effects of the new generation of antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsia 2002;43(Suppl 8):158
- Wide K, Winbladh B, Kallen B. Major malformations in infants exposed to antiepileptic drugs in utero, with emphasis on carbamazepine and valproic acid: a nation-wide, population-based register study. Acta Paediatr 2004;93:174–6
- Beydoun A, Sachdeo RC, Kutluay E, et al. Sustained efficacy and long-term safety of oxcarbazepine: one-year open-label extension of a study in refractory partial epilepsy. Epilepsia 2003;44: 1160–5
- American Academy of Pediatrics Work Group on Breastfeeding. Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Breastfeed Rev 1998;6:31–6
- Benefits of breastfeeding. Nutr Clin Care 2003;6:125–31
- Hahn-Zoric M, Fulconis F, Minoli I, et al. Antibody responses to parenteral and oral vaccines are impaired by conventional and low protein formulas as compared to breast-feeding. Acta Paediatr Scand 1990;79:1137–42
- Ito S, Moretti M, Liau M, et al. Initiation and duration of breast-feeding in women receiving antiepileptics. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995;172:881–6
- Nice FJ, DeEugenio D, DeMino TA, et al. Medications and breast-feeding: a guide for pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, and other healthcare professionals. Part III. J Pharmacy Technol 2004;20:165–77
- Bulau P, Paar WD, von Unruh GE. Pharmacokinetics of oxcarbazepine and 10-hydroxy-carbazepine in the newborn child of an oxcarbazepine-treated mother. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1988;34:311–3
- Perucca E. Disposition of new antiepileptic drugs (AED) during pregnancy and lactation. Eur J Neurol 2000;7 (Suppl 3):160
- Pedersen B. Oxcarbazepine in breast milk. Abstract presented at the 17th Epilepsy International Congress, Jerusalem, Israel, 6–11 September 1987
- Myllynen P, Pienimaki P, Jouppila P, et al. Transplacental passage of oxcarbazepine and its metabolites in vivo. Epilepsia 2001;42:1482–5
- Pienimaki P, Lampela E, Hakkola J, et al. Pharmacokinetics of oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine in human placenta. Epilepsia 1997;38:309–16
- Barcs G, Walker EB, Elger CE, et al. Oxcarbazepine placebo-controlled, dose-ranging trial in refractory partial epilepsy. Epilepsia 2000;41:1597–607
- Beydoun A, Sachdeo RC, Rosenfeld WE, et al. Oxcarbazepine monotherapy for partial-onset seizures: a multicenter, double-blind, clinical trial. Neurology 2000;54:2245–51
- Bill PA, Vigonius U, Pohlmann H, et al. A double-blind controlled clinical trial of oxcarbazepine versus phenytoin in adults with previously untreated epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 1997;27:195–204
- Christe W, Kramer G, Vigonius U, et al. A double-blind controlled clinical trial: oxcarbazepine versus sodium valproate in adults with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 1997;26:451–60
- Dam M, Ekberg R, Løyning Y, et al. A double-blind study comparing oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine in patients with newly diagnosed, previously untreated epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 1989;3:70–6
- Sachdeo R, Beydoun A, Schachter S, et al. Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal) as monotherapy in patients with partial seizures. Neurology 2001;57:864–71
- Schachter SC, Vazquez B, Fisher RS, et al. Oxcarbazepine: double-blind, randomized, placebo-control, monotherapy trial for partial seizures. Neurology 1999;52:732–7
- Bang L, Goa K. Oxcarbazepine: a review of its use in children with epilepsy. Paediatr Drugs 2003;5:557–73
- Bourgeois B, D’Souza J. Safety and tolerability of oxcarbazepine in children with epilepsy. Epilepsia 2003;44\(Suppl 9):275 [Abstract 2.290]
- Donati F, Gobbi G, Campistol J, et al. An open-label, randomised, active-control, multicentre evaluation of effects of oxcarbazepine (Trileptal®) on cognitive functions in children and adolescents with partial seizures. Epilepsia 2004;45(Suppl 3):130
- Glauser TA, Nigro M, Sachdeo R, et al. Adjunctive therapy with oxcarbazepine in children with partial seizures. Neurology 2000;54:2237–44
- Guerreiro MM, Vigonius U, Pohlmann H, et al. A double-blind controlled clinical trial of oxcarbazepine versus phenytoin in children and adolescents with epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 1997;27: 205–13
- Rey E, Bulteau C, Motte J, et al. Oxcarbazepine pharmacokinetics and tolerability in children with inadequately controlled epilepsy. J Clin Pharm 2004;44:1290–300
- Serdaroglu G, Kurul S, Tutuncuoglu S, et al. Oxcarbazepine in the treatment of childhood epilepsy. Pediatr Neurol 2003; 28:37–41
- Duchowny M, Mangat S, Jiang H, et al. Safety and tolerability of oxcarbazepine (Trileptal®) monotherapy in pediatric patients with inadequately-controlled partial seizures – an open-label pilot study. Eur J Neurol 2003;10\(Suppl 1):148 [Abstract P2082]
- Northam RS, Duchowny M, Mangat S, et al. Safety and tolerability of oxcarbazepine in infants and young children with inadequately-controlled partial seizures. Epilepsia 2003;44 (Suppl 9):103
- Holmes LB, Wyszynski DF, Mittendorf R. Evidence for an increased risk of birth defects in the offspring of women exposed to valproate during pregnancy: findings from the AED pregnancy registry. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;187:S137
- Holmes LB, Wyszynski DF, Lieberman E. The AED (antiepileptic drug) pregnancy registry: a 6-year experience. Arch Neurol 2004;61: 673–8
- Montouris G. Gabapentin exposure in human pregnancy: results from the Gabapentin Pregnancy Registry. Epilepsy Behav 2003;4:310–7
- Barrett C, Richens A. Epilepsy and pregnancy: Report of an Epilepsy Research Foundation Workshop. Epilepsy Res 2003;52:147–87
- Flesch G. Overview of the clinical pharmacokinetics of oxcarbazepine. Clin Drug Invest 2004;24:185–203