Does OROS-methylphenidate improve core symptoms and deficits in executive function? Results of an open-label trial in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

References

• American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Quality Improvement and Subcommittee on Attention-Deficit/Hyper-activity Disorder. Clinical Practice Guideline, Diagnosis and evaluation of the child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics 2000;105:1158–70
   Google Scholar
• Adler LA, Chua HC. Management of ADHD in adults. J Clin Psychiatry 2002;63(Suppl 12):29–35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wender PH, Wolf LE, Wasserstein J. Adults with ADHD. An overview. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001;931:1–16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kessler RC, Adler L, Barkley R, et al. The prevalence and correlates of adult ADHD in the United States: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Am J Psychiatry 2006;163:716–23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamberg L. ADHD often undiagnosed in adults: appropriate treatment may benefit work, family, social life. JAMA 2003;290:1565–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seidman LJ. Neuropsychological functioning in people with ADHD across the lifespan. Clin Psychol Rev 2006;26: 466–85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faraone SV, Spencer T, Aleardi M, et al. Meta-analysis of the efficacy of methylphenidate for treating adult attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2004;24:24–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biederman J, Mick E, Surman C, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of OROS-methylphenidate in adults with attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2006;59:829–35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biederman J, Mick E, Spencer T, et al. An open trial of OROS-methylphenidate in adults with late-onset ADHD. CNS Spectr 2006;11:390–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkely RA. Behavioural inhibition, sustained attention and executive function: constructing a unified theory of ADHD. Psychol Bull 1997;121:65–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition, Text Revision, Washington DA, The American Psychiatric Association, 2000
   Google Scholar
• First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, et al. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, Patient Edition (SCID-P), version 2. New York: New York State Psychiatric Institute, Biometrics Research, 1994
   Google Scholar
• Ward MF, Wender PH, Reimherr FW. The Wender Utah Rating Scale: an aid in the retrospective diagnosis of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1993;150: 885–90
   Google Scholar
• Conners CK, Erhardt D, Sparrow E. Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS): Technical Manual. New York: Multi-Health Systems, 1999
   Google Scholar
• Montgomery SA, Asberg M. A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change. Br J Psychiatry 1979;134:382–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golden CJ, Freshwater SM. The Stroop Color and Word Test. Manual for Clinical and Experimental Uses. Wood Dale, IL: Stoelting, 2002
   Google Scholar
• Wechsler D. Échelle d’intelligence de Wechsler pour adultes – Troisième édition. Version pour francophones du Canada. Manuel d’administration, Édition de recherche. The Psychological Corporation, 2004
   Google Scholar
• Gladsjo JA, Schuman CC, Evans JD, et al. Norms for letter and category fluency: demographic corrections for age, education, and ethnicity. Assessment 1999;6:147–78
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheehan DV, Sajatovic M, Ramirez LF. Sheehan Disability Scale. Rating Scales in Mental Health. 2nd edn. Hudson, OH: Lexi-Comp, 2003:41–2
   Google Scholar
• National Institutes of Mental Health (NIMH). CGI (Clinical Global Impression Scale) – NIMH. Psychopharmacol Bull 1985;21:839–43
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Likert R. A technique for the measurement of attitudes. Arch Psychology 1932;140:52
   Google Scholar
• Steele M, Weiss M, Swanson J, et al. A randomized, controlled effectiveness trial of OROS-methylphenidate compared to usual care with immediate-release methylphenidate in ADHD. Can J Clin Pharmacol 2006;13:e50–62
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Murphy K, Barkley RA. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults: comorbidities and adaptive impairments. Compr Psychiatry 1996;37:393–401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkley RA. Major life activity and health outcomes associated with attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2002;63(Suppl 12):10–15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biederman J, Faraone SV, Monuteaux MC, et al. Gender effects on attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults, revisited. Biol Psychiatry 2004;55:692–700
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adler L, Cohen J. Diagnosis and evaluation of adults with attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2004;27:187–201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoechlin C, Engel R, Neuropsychological performance in adult attention–deficit hyperactivity disorder: meta-analysis of empirical data. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2005;20:727–44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kessler RC, Adler L, Ames M, et al. The prevalence and effects of adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder on work performance in a nationally representative sample of workers. J Occup Environ Med 2005;47:565–72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matza LS, Paramore C, Prasad M. A review of the economic burden of ADHD. Cost Eff Resourc Alloc 2005;3:5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barkley RA, Fischer M, Smallish L. Young adult outcome of hyperactive children: adaptive functioning in major life activities. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2006;45:192–202
   Google Scholar
• Spencer T, Biederman J, Wilens T, et al. A large, double-blind, randomized clinical trial of methylphenidate in the treatment of adults with ADHD. Biol Psychiatry 2005;57:456–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnsten A, Dudley AG. Methylphenidate improves prefrontal cortical cognitive function through α2 adrenoceptor and dopamine D1 receptor actions: relevance to therapeutic effects in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Behav Brain Funct 2005;1:2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bekker E, Overtoom C, Kooij JJ, et al. Disentangling deficits in adults with attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005;62:1129–36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehta MA, Goodyer MI, Sahakian BJ. Methylphenidate improves working memory and set-shifting in AD/HD: relationships to baseline memory capacity. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2004;45:293–305
   Google Scholar
• Willcutt E, Doyle A, Nigg JT, et al. Validity of the executive function theory of attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analytic review. Biol Psychiatry 2005;57:1336–46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aron A, Dowson JH, Sahakian BJ, et al. Methylphenidate improves response inhibition in adults with attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry, 2003;54:1465–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner DC, Blackwell AD, Dowson JH, et al. Neurocognitive effects of methylphenidate in adult attention–deficit/hyper-activity disorder. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2004;178:286–95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schweitzer JB, Lee DO, Hanford RB, et al. Effect of methylphenidate on executive functioning in adults with attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder: normalization of behavior but not related to brain activity. Biol Psychiatry 2004;56:597–606
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilens T, McBurnett K, Stein M, et al. ADHD treatment with once-daily OROS methylphenidate: final results from a long-term open-label study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2005;44:1015–23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar