References
- Health, United States: National Center for Health Statistics, 2006
- Stewart WF, Ricci JA, Chee E, et al. Lost productive time and cost due to common pain conditions in the US workforce. JAMA 2003;290:2443-54
- Burgess DJ, Crowley-Matoka M, Phelan S, et al. Patient race and physicians' decisions to prescribe opioids for chronic low back pain. Soc Sci Med 2008;67:1852-60
- Hardt J, Jacobsen C, Goldberg J, et al. Prevalence of chronic pain in a representative sample in the United States Pain Med 2008;9:803-12
- Chou R, Fanciullo GJ, Fine PG, et al. Clinical guidelines for the use of chronic opioid therapy in chronic noncancer pain. J Pain 2009;10:113-30
- Rosenblum A, Marsch LA, Joseph H, et al. Opioids and the treatment of chronic pain: controversies, current status, and future directions. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2008;16:405-16
- McCarberg BH, Nicholson BD, Todd KH, et al. The impact of pain quality of life and the unmet needs of pain management: results from pain sufferers and physician participating in an internet survey. Am J Therapeut 2008;15:312-20
- Lin JJ, Alfandre D, Moore C. Physician attitude toward opioid prescribing for patients with persistent noncancer pain. Clin J Pain 2007;23:799-803
- Porreca F, Ossipov MH. Nausea and vomiting side effects with opioid analgesics during treatment of chronic pain: mechanisms, implications, and management options. Pain Med 2009;10:654–62
- Harris JD. Management of expected and unexpected opioid-related side effects. Clin J Pain 2008;24(Suppl. 10):S8-13
- Pain facts & figures. American Pain Foundation. Available at: http://www.painfoundation.org/newsroom/reporter-resources/pain-facts-figures.html [Last accessed 17 March 2010]
- Nwokeji ED, Rascati KL, Brown CM, et al. Influences of attitudes on family physicians' willingness to prescribe long-acting opioid analgesics for patients with chronic nonmalignant pain. Clin Therapeut 2007;29:2589-602
- Moss-Morris R, Humphrey K, Johnson MH, et al. Patients' perceptions of their pain condition across a multidisciplinary pain management program: do they change and if so does it matter?. Clin J Pain 2007;23:558-64