Spontaneous Electrical Activity of Rabbit Trigger Spot After Transection of Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerve

REFERENCES

• Fricton J R. Myofascial pain syndrome. Neurol Cl N Am 1989; 7(2)413–427
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rachlin E S. Trigger point. Myofascial Pain and Fibromyalgia: Trigger Point Management., E S Rachlin. Mosby, St. Louis 1994; 145–157
   Google Scholar
• Rosen N B. The myofascial pain syndrome. Phys Med Rehabil Clin North Am 1993; 4(Feb)41–63
   Google Scholar
• Simons D G. Myofascial pain syndrome due to trigger points. Rehabilitation Medicine., J Goodgold. Mosby, St. Louis 1988; 686–723
   Google Scholar
• Simons D G. Clinical and etiological update of myofascial pain from trigger points. J Musculoske Pain 1996; 4(1/2)97–125
   Google Scholar
• Sola A E, Bonica J J. Myofascial pain syndromes, The Management of Pain, 2nd ed, J D Bonica, J D Loeser, C R Chapman. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia 1990; 352–367
   Google Scholar
• Travell J G, Simons D G. Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore 1983; 1
   Google Scholar
• Travell J G, Simons D G. Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore 1992; 2
   Google Scholar
• Hong C-Z. Pathophysiology of myofascial trigger point. J Fomos Med Assoc 1996; 95: 93–104
   Google Scholar
• Hubbard D R, Berkoff G M. Myofascial trigger points show spontaneous needle EMG activity. Spine 1993; 18: 1803–1807
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hubbard D R. Chronic and recurrent muscle pain: pathophysiology and treatment, and review of pharmacologic studies. J Musculoske Pain 1996; 4(1/2)123–143
   Google Scholar
• Simons D G, Hong C-Z, Simons L S. Prevalence of spontaneous electrical activity at trigger spots and control sites in rabbit muscle. J Musculoske Pain 1995; 3(l)35–48
   Google Scholar
• Simons D G, Hong C-Z, Simons L S. Nature of myofascial trigger points, active loci. J Musculoske Pain 1995; 3(Supplement 1)62
   Google Scholar
• Hong C-Z, Torigoe Y. Electrophysiological characteristics of localized twitch responses in responsive taut bands of rabbit skeletal muscle. J Musculoske Pain 1994; 2(2)17–43
   Google Scholar
• Hong C-Z, Torigoe Y, Yu J. The localized twitch responses in responsive taut bands of rabbit skeletal muscle fibers are related to the reflexes at spinal cord level. J Musculoske Pain 1995; 3(1)15–34
   Google Scholar
• Moulder J B. Anesthesia in the rabbit using a combination of Ketamine and Promazine. Lab Animal Sci 1978; 28: 321–322
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Buchthal F, Rosenfalck P. Spontaneous electrical activity of human muscle. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1966; 20: 321–336
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kimura J. 12. Electrodiagnosis in Diseases of Nerve and Muscle. FA Davis, Philadelphia 1989; 2: 232, Chapter
   Google Scholar
• Ito Y, Miledi R, Vincent A. Transmitter release induced by a ‘factor’ in rabbit serum. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 1974; 187: 235–241
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liley A W. An investigation of spontaneous activity at the neuromuscular junction of the rat. J Physiol (Lond) 1956; 132: 650–666
   Google Scholar
• Wiederholt W C. “End-plate noise” in electromyography. Neurology 1970; 20: 214–224
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunn C C, Milbrandt W E. Utilizing trigger points. Osteopathic Phys 1977; 44(3)29–52
   Google Scholar
• Chu J. Dry needling (intramuscular stimulation) in myofascial pain related to lumbosacral radiculopathy. Eur J Phys Med Rehabil 1995; 5(4)106–121
   Google Scholar
• Radziemski A, Kedzia A, Jakubowicz M. Number and localization of the muscle spindles in the human fetal sternocleidomastoid muscle. Folia Morphol 1991; 50(1/2)65–70
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chin N K, Cope M, Pang M. Number and distribution of spindle capsules in seven hindlimb muscles of the cat. Symposium on Muscle Receptors., D Barker. University Press, Hong Kong 1962; 241–248
   Google Scholar
• Jones R V, Jr., Lambert E H, Sayre G P. Source of a type of “insertion activity” in electromyography with evaluation of a histologic method of localization. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1955; 36: 301–310
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hong C-Z, Chen J-T, Chen S-M, Kuan T-S. Sensitive loci in a myofascial trigger point region are related to sensory nerve fibers. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 1997; 76(172)
   Google Scholar
• Acquadro M A, Borodic G E. Treatment of myofascial pain with Botulinum A toxin, [letter], Anesthesiology 1994; 80: 705–706
   Google Scholar
• Cheshire W P, Abashian S W, Mann J D. Botulinum toxin in the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome. Pain 1994; 59: 65–69
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yue S K. Initial experience in the use of botulinum toxin A for the treatment of myofascial related muscle dysfunctions. J Musculoske Pain 1995; 3(Supplement 1)22
   Google Scholar
• Hong C-Z. Myofascial trigger point injection. Critical Review of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 1993; 5(2)203–17
   Google Scholar
• Hong C-Z. Consideration and Recommendation of Myofascial trigger point injection. J Musculoske Pain 1994; 2(1)29–59
   Google Scholar