Bibliography
- LOCKSLEY RM, KILLEEN N, LENARDO MJ: The TNF and TNF receptor superfamilies: integrating mammalian biology. Cell(2001) 104:487–501.
- •Comprehensive review of the molecular biology of TNF ligand/receptor superfarnilies.
- BODMER JL, SCHNEIDER P, TSCHOPP J: The molecular architecture of the TNF superfamily. Trends Biochem. Sci. (2002) 27:19–26.
- MAK TW, YEH WC: Signalling for survival and apoptosis in the immune system. Arthritis Res. (2002) 4(Suppl.):243–252.
- CHEN G, GOEDDEL DV: TNF-R1 signalling: a beautiful pathway. Science (2002) 296: 1634-1635.
- ADAMS AB, LARSEN CP, PEARSON TC, NEWELL KA: The role of TNF receptor and TNF superfamily molecules in organ transplantation. Am. j Transplant. (2002) 2:12–18.
- O'SHEA JJ, MA A, LIPSKY P: Cytokines and autoimmunity. Nat. Rev Immunol (2002) 2:37–45.
- VAN ASSCHE G, RUTGEERTS P: AntiTNF agents in Crohn's disease. Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs. (2000) 9:103–111.
- HAMILTON K, CLAIR EW: Tumour necrosis factor-a blockade: a new era for effective management of rheumatoid arthritis. Expert. Opin. Pharmacother. (2000) 1:1041–1052.
- BURKLY LC: CD40 pathway blockade as an approach to immunotherapy. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. (2001) 489:135–152.
- BRAMS P, BLACK A, PADLAN EA et al: A humanized antihuman CD154 monoclonal antibody blocks CD154-CD40 mediated human B cell activation. mt. Immunopharmacol (2001) 1:277–294.
- BOON L, BROK HP, BAUER J et al: Prevention of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the common marmoset (Callithrixjacchus) using a chimeric antagonist monoclonal antibody against human CD40 is associated with altered B cell responses. Immunol (2001) 167:2942–2949.
- KHARE SD, HSU H: The role of TALL-1 and APRIL in immune regulation. Trends Immunol (2001) 22:61–63.
- LIPSKY PE: Systemic lupus erythematosus: an autoimmune disease of B cell hyperactivity. Nat. Immunot (2001) 2:764–766.
- MACKAY F, BROWNING JL: BAFF: a fundamental survival factor for B cells. Nat. Rev Immunol (2002) 2:465–475.
- ••Excellent review of the current knowledgeon BAFF and its role in B cell immunity.
- DO RK, CHEN-KIANG S: Mechanism of BLyS action in B cell immunity. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev (2002) 13:19–25.
- MACKAY F, MACKAY CR: The role of BAFF in B cell maturation, T cell activation and autoimmunity. Trends Immunol (2002) 23:113–115.
- ROLINK AG, MELCHERS F: BAFFled B cells survive and thrive: roles of BAFF in B cell development. Curt: Opin. Immunol (2002) 14:266–275.
- SCHNEIDER P, MACKAY F, STEINER V et al: BAFF, a novel ligand of the tumour necrosis factor family, stimulates B cell growth. I Exp. Med. (1999) 189:1747–1756.
- ••Initial description of BAFF as a member ofTNF ligand family that stimulates B cell growth.
- MOORE PA, BELVEDERE O, ORR A et al: BLyS: member of the tumour necrosis factor family and B lymphocyte stimulator. Science (1999) 285:260–263.
- ••Description of BAFF, under the nameBLyS, published shortly after reference 18.
- TRIBOULEY C, WALLROTH M, CHAN V et al: characterisation of a new member of the TNF family expressed on antigen-presenting cells. Biol. Chem. (1999) 380:1443–1447.
- SHU HB, HU WH, JOHNSON H: TALL-1 is a novel member of the TNF family that is downregulated by mitogens. Leukoc. Biol. (1999) 65:680–683.
- NARDELLI B, BELVEDERE O, ROSCHKE V et al.: Synthesis and release of B lymphocyte stimulator from myeloid cells. Blood. (2001) 97:198–204.
- MUKHOPADHYAY A, NI J, ZHAI Y, YU GL, AGGARWAL BB: Identification and characterisation of a novel cytokine, THANK, a TNF homologue that activates apoptosis, nuclear factor-kappaB and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase. Biol. Chem. (1999) 274:15978–15981.
- KARPUSAS M, CACHERO TG, QIAN F et al.: Crystal structure of extracellular human BAFF, a TNF family member that stimulates B lymphocytes.Biol. (2002) 315:1145–1154.
- ••Structural characterisation of the extracellular region of BAFF and homology-based comparison with APRIL.
- OREN DA, LI Y, VOLOVIK Y et al.: Structural basis of BLyS receptor recognition. Nat. Struct. Biol (2002) 9:288–292.
- LIU Y, XU L, OPALKA N et al: Crystal structure of sTALL-1 reveals a virus-like assembly of TNF family ligands. Cell (2002) 108:383–394.
- •Reports that BAFF forms virus-like assembly in crystals.
- HAHNE M, KATAOKA T, SCHROTER M et al.: APRIL, a new ligand of the tumour necrosis factor family, stimulates tumour cell growth. I Exp. Med. (1998) 188:1185–1190.
- ••Initial description of APRIL as a memberof the TNF ligand family that stimulates tumour cell growth.
- KELLY K, MANOS E, JENSEN G, NADAULD L, JONES DA: APRIL/TRDL- 1, a tumour necrosis factor-like ligand, stimulates cell death. Cancer Res. (2000) 60:1021–1027.
- LOPEZ-FRAGA M, FERNANDEZ R, ALBAR JP, HAHNE M: Biologically active APRIL is secreted following intracellular processing in the Golgi apparatus by furin convertase. EMBO Rep. (2001) 2:945–951.
- GRAS MP, LAABI Y, LINARES-CRUZ G et al.: BCMAp: an integral membrane protein in the Golgi apparatus of human mature B lymphocytes. hat. Inanunol. (1995) 7:1093–1106.
- MADRY C, LAABI Y, CALLEBAUT I et al.: The characterisation of murine BCMA gene defines it as a new member of the tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily. hat Immunol (1998) 10:1693–1702.
- HATZOGLOU A, ROUSSEL J, BOURGEADE MF et al: TNF receptor family member BCMA (B cell maturation) associates with TNF receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 1, TRAF2 and TRAF3 and activates NF-kappa B, elk-1, c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. hannunol. (2000) 165:1322–1330.
- THOMPSON JS, SCHNEIDER P, KALLED SL et al.: BAFF binds to the tumour necrosis factor receptor-like molecule B cell maturation antigen and is important for maintaining the peripheral B cell population. J. Exp. Med. (2000) 192:129–135.
- •Demonstrates that BAFF is a ligand for BCMA.
- SHU HB, JOHNSON H: B cell maturation protein is a receptor for the tumour necrosis factor family member TALL-1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (2000) 97:9156–9161.
- GROSS JA, JOHNSTON J, MUDRI S et al: TACT and BCMA are receptors for a TNF homologue implicated in B cell autoimmune disease. Nature (2000) 404:995–999.
- ••Demonstrates that BAFF binds to TACTand BCMA and plays a role in favouring the development of SLE-like autoimmunity in mice.
- MARSTERS SA, YAN M, PITTI P.M et al: Interaction of the TNF homologues BLyS and APRIL with the TNF receptor homologues BCMA and TACT. Carr. Biol. (2000) 10:785–788.
- YU G, BOONE T, DELANEY J et al.: APRIL and TALL-I and receptors BCMA and TACT: system for regulating humoral immunity. Nat. Inmunol. (2000) 1:252–256.
- RENNERT P, SCHNEIDER P, CACHERO TG et al.: A soluble form of B cell maturation antigen, a receptor for the tumour necrosis factor family member APRIL, inhibits tumour cell growth. I Exp. Med. (2000) 192:35–38.
- XU S, LAM KP: B cell maturation protein, which binds the tumour necrosis factor family members BAFF and APRIL, is dispensable for humoral immune responses. Mol. Cell. Biol. (2001) 21:4067–4074.
- •Deletion of BCMA does not affect B cell immunity.
- SCHIEMANN B, GOMMERMAN JL, VORA K et al.: An essential role for BAFF in the normal development of B cells through a BCMA-independent pathway. Science (2001) 293:2111–2114.
- ••Demonstrates that deletion of BAFF in mice blocks B cell development at the transitional Ti stage.
- VON BULOW GU, BRAM RJ: NF-AT activation induced by a CAML-interacting member of the tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily. Science (1997) 278:138–141.
- •Initial characterisation of TACT.
- XIA XZ, TREANOR J, SENALDI G et al.: TACT is a TRAF-interacting receptor for TALL-1, a tumour necrosis factor family member involved in B cell regulation. J. Exp. Med. (2000) 192:137–143.
- YAN M, MARSTERS SA, GREWAL IS et al.: Identification of a receptor for BLyS demonstrates a crucial role in humoral immunity. Nat. Immunol. (2000) 1:37–41.
- WU Y, BRESSETTE D, CARRELL JA et al.: Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily member TACT is a high affinity receptor for TNF family members APRIL and BLyS. I Biol. Chem. (2000) 275:35478–35485.
- VON BULOW GU, VAN DEURSEN JM, BRAM RJ: Regulation of the T-independent humoral response by TACT. Immunity (2001) 14:573–582.
- YAN M, WANG H, CHAN B et al.: Activation and accumulation of B cells in TACT-deficient mice. Nat. Immunol. (2001) 2:638–643.
- THOMPSON JS, BIXLER SA, QIAN F et al.: BAFF-R, a newly identified TNF receptor that specifically interacts with BAFF. Science (2001) 293:2108–2111.
- ••First description of BAFF-R as a receptorspecific for BAFF and mediating its positive effect on B cell survival.
- YAN M, BRADY JR, CHAN B et al.: Identification of a novel receptor for B lymphocyte stimulator that is mutated in a mouse strain with severe B cell deficiency. Carr. Biol. (2001) 11:1547–1552.
- ••Description of BAFF-R (BR3).
- JOHNSTON J, HARDER B, MCMILLEN S et al: zTNF-R12, a novel receptor capable of binding BLyS. ACR Meeting, San Francisco, USA (2001) Abstract 672.
- HARLESS SM, LENTZ VM, SAH AP et al.: Competition for BLyS-mediated signalling through Bcmd/BR3 regulates peripheral B lymphocyte numbers. Curt: Biol. (2001) 11:1986–1989.
- LENTZ VM, CANCRO MP, NASHOLD FE, HAYES CE: Bcmd governs recruitment of new B cells into the stable peripheral B cell pool in the A/ WySnJ mouse. J. Immunol. (1996) 157:598–606.
- MILLER DJ, HANSON KD, CARMAN JA, HAYES CE: A single autosomal gene defect severely limits IgG but not IgM responses in B lymphocyte-deficient A/WySnJ mice. Eur. I Immunol. (1992) 22:373–379.
- AMANNA IJ, CLISE-DWYER K, NASHOLD FE, HOAG KA, HAYES CE: A/WySnJ transitional B cells overexpress the chromosome 15 proapoptotic Blk gene and succumb to premature apoptosis. Immunol. (2001) 167:6069–6072.
- GROSS JA, DILLON SR, MUDRI S et al.: TACT-Ig neutralizes molecules critical for B cell development and autoimmune disease. impaired B cell maturation in mice lacking BLyS. Immunity (2001) 15:289–302.
- MACKAY F, WOODCOCK SA, LAWTON P et al: Mice transgenic for BAFF develop lymphocytic disorders along with autoimmune manifestations. I Exp. Med. (1999) 190:1697–1710.
- ••BAFF overexpression causes B cellhyperplasia and autoimrnunity in mice.
- KHARE SD, SAROSI I, XIA XZ et al: Severe B cell hyperplasia and autoimmune disease in TALL-1 transgenic mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (2000) 97:3370–3375.
- ••BAFF overexpression causes B cellhyperplasia and autoimrnunity in mice.
- WANG H, MARSTERS SA, BAKER T et al: TACT-ligand interactions are required for T cell activation and collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Nat. Immun.ol. (2001) 2:632–637.
- ••Blockade of CIA by administration ofTACT-Fc.
- HARDY RR, HAYAKAWA K: B cell development pathways. Ann. Rev Immunol (2001) 19:595–621.
- CARIAPPA A, PILLAI S: Antigen-dependent B cell development. Carr: Opin. Immunol. (2002) 14:241–249.
- •Excellent review of current knowledge on B cell development.
- LODER F, MUTSCHLER B, RAY RJ et al: B cell development in the spleen takes place in discrete steps and is determined by the quality of B cell receptor-derived signals. J. Exp. Med. (1999) 190:75–89.
- ALLMAN D, LINDSLEY RC, DEMUTH W et al.: Resolution of three non-proliferative immature splenic B cell subsets reveals multiple selection points during peripheral B cell maturation. J. Immunol. (2001) 167:6834–6840.
- MARTIN F, KEARNEY JF: Marginal-zone B cells. Nat. Rev Immunol (2002) 2:323–335.
- •Excellent up-to-date review on MZ B cell development and biology.
- BATTEN M, GROOM J, CACHERO TG et al.: BAFF mediates survival of peripheral immature B lymphocytes. I Exp. Med. (2000) 192:1453–1465.
- ROLINK AG, TSCHOPP J, SCHNEIDER P, MELCHERS F: BAFF is a survival and maturation factor for mouse B cells. Eur. Immunol. (2002) 32:2004–2010.
- HSU BL, HARLESS SM, LINDSLEY RC, HILBERT DM, CANCRO MP: BLyS enables survival of transitional and mature B cells through distinct mediators. j. Immunol. (2002) 168:5993–5996.
- HUARD B, SCHNEIDER P, MAURI D, TSCHOPP J, FRENCH LE: T cell costimulation by the TNF ligand BAFF. J. Immunol. (2001) 167:6225–6231.
- ••BAFF is a costirnulator of T cell activation in vitro.
- RUNKEL L, KUO F, CHICHEPORTICHE Y, TSCHOPP J, BROWNING JL: Null mutation of the TNF family member, APRIL results in embryonic death and cardiac defects. International Cytokine Society and Society for Leukocyte Biology Joint Conference. Maui, USA (2001).
- STEIN JV, LOPEZ-FRAGA M, ELUSTONDO FA et al.: APRIL modulates B and T cell immunity. j Clin. Invest. (2002) 109:14587–14598.
- GROOM J, KALLED SL, CUTLER AH et al.: Association of BAFF/BLyS overexpression and altered B cell differentiation with Sjogren's syndrome. I. Clin. Invest. (2002) 109:59–68.
- ••Demonstrates that BAFF overexpressioncauses salivary gland inflammation resembling Sjogren's syndrome in mice and suggests that MZ-like B cells may have a pathogenic role in this disease.
- MINER KT, EASTMAN SR, XIA SZ et al.: Treatment with modified soluble TACI ameliorates autoimmune diseases by affecting humoral immune response. ACR Meeting, San Francisco, USA (2001) Abstract 2060.
- ZHANG J, ROSCHKE V, BAKER KP et al.: A role for B lymphocyte stimulator in systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunol. (2001) 166:6–10.
- ••Serum level of BAFF is augmented and partially associated with increased anti-dsDNA autoantibody titers in SLE patients.
- CHEEMA GS, ROSCHKE V, HILBERT DM, STOHL W: Elevated serum B lymphocyte stimulator levels in patients with systemic immune-based rheumatic diseases. Arthritic Rheum. (2001) 44:1313–1319.
- ••BAFF level is increased in the serum ofpatients with SLE or RA and in inflamed joints of the latter.
- DAVIS JC, GROSS J, GESCUK B, HARDER B, WOFSY D: ZTNF-4 and soluble TACI receptor levels in serum and urine may reflect disease activity in patients with SLE. ACR Meeting, San Francisco, USA. (2001) Abstract 278.
- KOBAYASHI S, MORIYAMA T, MUKAI M: Differential gene expression of BAFF, TACI and BCMA by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. ACR Meeting, San Francisco, USA. (2001) Abstract 279.
- MARIETTE X, ROUX S, DESMOULINS F et al.: A role for B lymphocyte stimulator (Blys) in Sjogren's syndrome. ACR Meeting, San Francisco, USA. (2001) Abstact 1205.
- TAN SM, XU D, ROSCHKE V et al: Local production of B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) protein in human arthritic joints. ACR Meeting, San Francisco, USA. (2001) Abstract 1854.
- ••BAFF production is locally increased injoints of RA patients.
- ZHOU T, MARTIN F, LIU W et al.: Adenoviral delivery of TACI-Fc reverses autoimmunity in mice. ACR Meeting, San Francisco, USA. (2001) Abs 2061.
- HOLMDAHL R, BOCKERMANN R, BACKLUND J, YAMADA H: The molecular pathogenesis of collagen-induced arthritis in mice - a model for rheumatoid arthritis. Ageing Res. Rev. (2002) 1:135–147.
- ZHANG HG, YANG P, XIE J et al: Depletion of collagen II-reactive T cells and blocking of B cell activation prevents collagen II-induced arthritis in DBA/lj mice. J. Immunol. (2002) 168:4164–4172.
- ROTH W, WAGENKNECHT B, KLUMPP A et al.: APRIL, a new member of the tumour necrosis factor family, modulates death ligand-induced apoptosis. Cell Death Differ. (2001) 8:403–410.
- GHETIE V, WARD ES: Multiple roles for the major histocompatibility complex class I-related receptor FcRn. Ann. Rev Immunol. (2000) 18:739–766.
- CHAN FK, CHUN HJ, ZHENG Let al.: A domain in TNF receptors that mediates ligand-independent receptor assembly and signalling. Science (2000) 288:2353–2354.
- SEKUT L, STURM B, POORTMAN C et al.: characterisation of a human monoclonal antibody that antagonizes B lymphocyte stimulator bioactivities. ACR Meeting, San Francisco, USA. (2001) Abstract 1377.
- ••Description of a human anti-BAFF mAbthat neutralises BAFF bioactivities in vitro and in vivo.
- BRIONES J, TIMMERMAN JM, HILBERT DM, LEVY R: BLyS and BLyS receptor expression in nonHodgkin's lymphoma. Exp. Hematol. (2002) 30:135–141.
- RICCOBENE T, SUNG C, ALDERSON RF et al.: Radiolabelled BLyS protein (LR131) inhibits neoplastic B cell growth in vivo. American Society of Clinical Oncology 38th Annual Meeting, Orlando, USA. (2002) Abstract 39.
- ••Evidence that radioiodinated BAFF inhibitsthe growth of malignant B cells in vivo.
- PARRY TJ, RICCOBENE TA, STRAWN SJ et al.: Pharmacokinetics and immunological effects of exogenously administered recombinant human B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) in mice. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. (2001) 296:396–404.
- ••Administration of recombinant BAFFenhances B cell immunity in mice.
- SNELLER MC: Common variable immunodeficiency. Am. .1. Med. Sci. (2001) 321:42–48.
- ARKWRIGHT PD, ABINUN M, CANT AJ: Autoimmunity in human primary immunodeficiency diseases. Blood (2002) 99:2964–29702.
- CUNNINGHAM-RUNDLES C: Physiology of IgA and IgA deficiency. Clin. Immunol. (2001) 21:303–309.
- MOSCA M, RUIZ-IRASTORZA G, KHAMASHTA MA, HUGHES GR: Treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Int. Immunopharmacol. (2001) 1:1065–1075.
- MARRACK P, KAPPLER J, KOTZIN BL: Autoimmune disease: why and where it occurs. Nat. Med. (2001) 7:899–905.
- DAVIDSON A, DIAMOND B: Autoimmune diseases. N Engl. I Med. (2001) 345:340–350.
- JIANG Y, OHTSUJI M, ABE M et al.: Polymorphism and chromosomal mapping of the mouse gene for B cell activating factor belonging to the tumour necrosis factor family (Baff) and association with the autoimmune phenotype. Immunogenetics (2001) 53:810–813.
- LITINSKY MB, NARDELLI B, HILBRERT DM et aL:DCs induce SCD40-independent immunoglobulin class switching through BlyS and APRIL. Nat. Immunol. (2002) 3: (In Press).
- GRILLO-LOPEZ AJ, HEDRICK E, RASHFORD M, BENYUNES M:Rituximab: ongoing and future clinical development. Semin. Oncol (2002) 29:105–112.
- ANOLIK JH, CAMPBELL D, RITCHLIN C et al.: B lymphocyte depletion as a novel treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): Phase I/II trial of ritwdmab (Rituxanl in SLE. ACR Meeting, San Francisco, USA. (2001) Abstract 2009.
- ZAJA F, IACONA I, MASOLINI P et al.: Bcell depletion with rituximab as treatment for immune hemolytic anemia and chronic thrombocytopenia. Hatanatologica (2002) 87:189–195.
- MARTIN F, KEARNEY JF: B1 cells: similarities and differences with other B cell subsets. Curt: Opin. Inonunoi (2001) 13:195–201.
Websites
- www.zymogenetics.com ZymoGenetics: Press release. ZymoGenetics and Serono to collaborate on a novel therapeutic approach for autoimmune disease. 4 Sept 2001.
- www.apoxis.com Apoxis Biosciences.
- www.hgsi.com Human Genome Sciences: Press release. Human Genome Sciences initiates trial of a new drug for systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune disease. 1 Nov 2001.
- www.hgsi.com Human Genome Sciences: Press release. Human Genome Sciences files investigational new drug application for LymphoRad131. 23 Jan 2002.
- www.hgsi.com Human Genome Sciences: Press release. Human Genome Sciences announces clearance of investigational new drug application for LymphoRad131, a new anticancer drug for the treatment of B cell tumours. 14 May 2002.
- www.hgsi.com Human Genome Sciences: Press release. Human Genome Sciences to initiate human clinical trials of BLyS. Trials to begin only one year after discovery announced, 23 June 2000.
- www.hgsi.com Human Genome Sciences: Press release. Human Genome Sciences receives orphan drug designation for BLyS therapeutic protein for treatment of common variable immunodeficiency. 27 Feb 2001.
- www.hgsi.com Human Genome Sciences: Press release. Human Genome Sciences announces trial for treatment of immunoglobulin-A deficiency. 19 Sept 2001.
- www.roche.com Roche: Press release. Targeting rheumatoid arthritis - New hope with smart drug ritwdmab. Interim study results indicate ritwdmab may help improve lives of people with rheumatoid arthritis.19 June 19 2002: