cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitors: promising drugs for inflammatory and neurological diseases

Bibliography

• Rall TW, Sutherland EW. Formation of a cyclic adenine ribonucleotide by tissue particles. J Biol Chem 1958;232:1065-76
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lefkimmiatis K, Zaccolo M. cAMP signaling in subcellular compartments. Pharmacol Ther 2014; doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.03.008
   Google Scholar
• Francis SH, Blount MA, Corbin JD. Mammalian cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases: molecular mechanisms and physiological functions. Physiol Rev 2011;91:651-90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johansson EM, Reyes-Irisarri E, Mengod G. Comparison of cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase mRNAs distribution in mouse and rat brain. Neurosci Lett 2012;525:1-6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Conti M, Jin SL. The molecular biology of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases. Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol 1999;63:1-38
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pages L, Gavalda A, Lehner MD. PDE4 inhibitors: a review of current developments (2005 - 2009). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2009;19:1501-19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Press NJ, Banner KH. PDE4 inhibitors - a review of the current field. Prog Med Chem 2009;47:37-74
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mori F, Perez-Torres S, De Caro R, et al. The human area postrema and other nuclei related to the emetic reflex express cAMP phosphodiesterases 4B and 4D. J Chem Neuroanat 2010;40:36-42
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hirose R, Manabe H, Nonaka H, et al. Correlation between emetic effect of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and their occupation of the high-affinity rolipram binding site in Suncus murinus brain. Eur J Pharmacol 2007;573:93-9
   Google Scholar
• Pinner NA, Hamilton LA, Hughes A. Roflumilast: a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor for the treatment of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Ther 2012;34:56-66
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gavalda A, Roberts RS. Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors: a review of current developments (2010 - 2012). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2013;23:997-1016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poole RM, Ballantyne AD. Apremilast: first global approval. Drugs 2014;74:825-37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varada S, Tintle SJ, Gottlieb AB. Apremilast for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2014;7:239-50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ratziu V, Bedossa P, Francque SM, et al. Lack of efficacy of an inhibitor of PDE4 in phase 1 and 2 trials of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014;12:1724-30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burgin AB, Magnusson OT, Singh J, et al. Design of phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) allosteric modulators for enhancing cognition with improved safety. Nat Biotechnol 2010;28:63-70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Safavi M, Baeeri M, Abdollahi M. New methods for the discovery and synthesis of PDE7 inhibitors as new drugs for neurological and inflammatory disorders. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2013;8:733-51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang H, Yan Z, Yang S, et al. Kinetic and structural studies of phosphodiesterase-8A and implication on the inhibitor selectivity. Biochemistry 2008;47:12760-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeffery P. Phosphodiesterase 4-selective inhibition: novel therapy for the inflammation of COPD. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2005;18:9-17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keshavarzian A, Mutlu E, Guzman JP, et al. Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and inflammatory bowel disease: emerging therapies in inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2007;16:1489-506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin SL, Ding SL, Lin SC. Phosphodiesterase 4 and its inhibitors in inflammatory diseases. Chang Gung Med J 2012;35:197-210
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Matera MG, Page C, Cazzola M. PDE inhibitors currently in early clinical trials for the treatment of asthma. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2014;23:1267-75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houslay MD, Schafer P, Zhang KY. Keynote review: phosphodiesterase-4 as a therapeutic target. Drug Discov Today 2005;10:1503-19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Page CP, Spina D. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2011;391-414
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Garcia-Osta A, Cuadrado-Tejedor M, Garcia-Barroso C, et al. Phosphodiesterases as therapeutic targets for Alzheimer’s disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2012;3:832-44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richter W, Menniti FS, Zhang HT, et al. PDE4 as a target for cognition enhancement. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2013;17:1011-27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lipworth BJ. Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lancet 2005;365:167-75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar N, Goldminz AM, Kim N, et al. Phosphodiesterase 4-targeted treatments for autoimmune diseases. BMC Med 2013;11:96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tenor H, Hatzelmann A, Beume R, et al. Pharmacology, clinical efficacy, and tolerability of phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors: impact of human pharmacokinetics. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2011;85-119
   Google Scholar
• Giembycz MA, Field SK. Roflumilast: first phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor approved for treatment of COPD. Drug Des Devel Ther 2010;4:147-58
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrison C. Trial watch: PDE4 inhibitor leads wave of target-specific oral psoriasis drugs. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2013;12:335
   Google Scholar
• Schafer PH, Day RM. Novel systemic drugs for psoriasis: mechanism of action for apremilast, a specific inhibitor of PDE4. J Am Acad Dermatol 2013;68:1041-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bethke TD, Bohmer GM, Hermann R, et al. Dose-proportional intraindividual single- and repeated-dose pharmacokinetics of roflumilast, an oral, once-daily phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor. J Clin Pharmacol 2007;47:26-36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darout E, Menhaji-Klotz E, Chappie TA. PDE4: recent medicinal chemisty strategies to mitigate adverse effects. In: Liras S, Bell AS, editors. Phosphodiesterase and their inhibitors. Wiley-VCH; Weinheim, Germany: 2014. 45-64
   Google Scholar
• Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. Preparation of benzoic acid phenylpyridinyl ethyl ester derivatives for use as phosphodiesterase inhibitors. WO2010089107A1; 2010
   Google Scholar
• Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. Derivatives of 1-phenyl-2-pyridinyl alkyl alcohols as phosphodiesterase inhibitors and their preparation. WO2012168226A1; 2012
   Google Scholar
• Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. Derivatives of 1-phenyl-2-pyridinyl alkyl alcohols as phosphodiesterase inhibitors and their preparation. US20130079313A1; 2013
   Google Scholar
• Armani E, Amari G, Rizzi A, et al. Novel class of benzoic acid ester derivatives as potent PDE4 inhibitors for inhaled administration in the treatment of respiratory diseases. J Med Chem 2014;57:793-816
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clinical trials for CHF6001. Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=chiesi+PDE4&Search=Search [Last accessed 24 July 2014]
   Google Scholar
• Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. Potentiation induced by PDE4 inhibitors in the treatment of leukemia. WO2013087749A1; 2013
   Google Scholar
• Almirall, S.A. Preparation of new 7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one derivatives as PDE4 inhibitors. EP2380890A1; 2011
   Google Scholar
• Via Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Benzodiazepine derivatives as phosphodiesterase inhibitors and their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions and use in the treatment of inflammation. WO2009037302A1; 2009
   Google Scholar
• Matrix Laboratories Ltd. Novel heterocyclic compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and processes for their preparation. WO2009115874A2; 2009
   Google Scholar
• Orchid Research Laboratories Ltd. Azolyldibenzofuran derivatives as phosphodiesterase inhibitors and their preparation and use for the treatment of PDE-4-mediated diseases. WO2010084402A2; 2010
   Google Scholar
• Leo Pharma A/S. Preparation of benzodioxole or benzodioxepine heterocyclic compounds as phosphodiesterase inhibitors. WO2011160632A1; 2011
   Google Scholar
• US Department of Health and Human Service. Preparation of triazolopyridazines, triazolothiadiazines, and related heterocycles as phosphodiesterase inhibitors for therapy. WO2009089027A1; 2009
   Google Scholar
• Leo Pharma A/S. Preparation of triazolopyridines as phosphodiesterase inhibitors for treatment of dermal diseases. WO2010069322A1; 2010
   Google Scholar
• Biolipox AB. Preparation of pyrimidinone derivatives as PDE4 and PDE7 inhibitors useful in treatment of inflammatory and other diseases. WO2010029299A1; 2010
   Google Scholar
• LEO Pharma A/S. Biaryl derivatives as phosphodiesterase inhibitors and their preparation and use in the treatment of diseases. WO2011134468A1; 2011
   Google Scholar
• Bruno O, Fedele E, Prickaerts J, et al. GEBR-7b, a novel PDE4D selective inhibitor that improves memory in rodents at non-emetic doses. Br J Pharmacol 2011;164:2054-63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee R, Wolda S, Moon E, et al. PDE7A is expressed in human B-lymphocytes and is up-regulated by elevation of intracellular cAMP. Cell Signal 2002;14:277-84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd. Preparation of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine compounds as phosphodiesterase inhibitors for treating immune disorders, CNS disorders, and other diseases. WO2010046791A1; 2010
   Google Scholar
• Vijayakrishnan L, Rudra S, Eapen MS, et al. Small-molecule inhibitors of PDE-IV and -VII in the treatment of respiratory diseases and chronic inflammation. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2007;16:1585-99
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amakem NV. Preparation of pyridine derivatives as PDE4 inhibitors. WO2013021021A1; 2013
   Google Scholar
• Guercio G, Castoldi D, Giubellina N, et al. Overall synthesis of GSK356278: quick delivery of a PDE4 inhibitor using a fit-for-purpose approach. Org Process Res Dev 2010;14:1153-61
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutter AR, Poffe A, Cavallini P, et al. GSK356278, a potent, selective, brain penetrant PDE4 inhibitor that demonstrates anxiolytic and cognition enhancing effects without inducing emesis in preclinical species. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2014;350:153-63
   Google Scholar
• Clinical trials for GSK356278. Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=GSK356278&Search=Search [Last accessed 24 July 2014]
   Google Scholar
• Watz H, Mistry SJ, Lazaar AL, et al. Safety and tolerability of the inhaled phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor GSK256066 in moderate COPD. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2013;26:588-95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clinical trials for GSK256066. Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=GSK256066%3B&Search=Search [Last accessed 24 July 2014]
   Google Scholar
• Gallant M, Aspiotis R, Day S, et al. Discovery of MK-0952, a selective PDE4 inhibitor for the treatment of long-term memory loss and mild cognitive impairment. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010;20:6387-93
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clinical trials for MK0952. Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=MK0952&Search=Search [Last accessed 24 July 2014]
   Google Scholar
• Clinical trials for HT-0712. Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=HT-0712&Search=Search [Last accessed 24 July 2014]
   Google Scholar
• MacDonald E, Van der Lee H, Pocock D, et al. A novel phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor, HT-0712, enhances rehabilitation-dependent motor recovery and cortical reorganization after focal cortical ischemia. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2007;21:486-96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peters M, Bletsch M, Stanley J, et al. The PDE4 inhibitor HT-0712 improves hippocampus-dependent memory in aged mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014; doi 10.1038/npp.2014.154
   Google Scholar
• Nazarian R, Weinberg JM. AN-2728, a PDE4 inhibitor for the potential topical treatment of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Curr Opin Investig Drugs 2009;10:1236-42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freund YR, Akama T, Alley MR, et al. Boron-based phosphodiesterase inhibitors show novel binding of boron to PDE4 bimetal center. FEBS Lett 2012;586:3410-14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clinical trials for AN-2728. Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=AN-2728&Search=Search [Last accessed 24 July 2014]
   Google Scholar
• Michaeli T, Bloom TJ, Martins T, et al. Isolation and characterization of a previously undetected human cAMP phosphodiesterase by complementation of cAMP phosphodiesterase-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 1993;268:12925-32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffmann R, Abdel’Al S, Engels P. Differential distribution of rat PDE-7 mRNA in embryonic and adult rat brain. Cell Biochem Biophys 1998;28:103-13
   Google Scholar
• Miro X, Perez-Torres S, Palacios JM, et al. Differential distribution of cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase 7A mRNA in rat brain and peripheral organs. Synapse 2001;40:201-14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sasaki T, Kotera J, Omori K. Novel alternative splice variants of rat phosphodiesterase 7B showing unique tissue-specific expression and phosphorylation. Biochem J 2002;361:211-20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reyes-Irisarri E, Perez-Torres S, Mengod G. Neuronal expression of cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase 7B mRNA in the rat brain. Neuroscience 2005;132:1173-85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sasaki T, Kotera J, Omori K. Transcriptional activation of phosphodiesterase 7B1 by dopamine D1 receptor stimulation through the cyclic AMP/cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase/cyclic AMP-response element binding protein pathway in primary striatal neurons. J Neurochem 2004;89:474-83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakata A, Ogawa K, Sasaki T, et al. Potential role of phosphodiesterase 7 in human T cell function: comparative effects of two phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Clin Exp Immunol 2002;128:460-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang L, Murray F, Zahno A, et al. Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase profiling reveals increased expression of phosphodiesterase 7B in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008;105:19532-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gil C, Campillo NE, Perez DI, et al. Phosphodiesterase 7 (PDE7) inhibitors as new drugs for neurological and inflammatory disorders. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2008;18:1127-39
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alaamery MA, Wyman AR, Ivey FD, et al. New classes of PDE7 inhibitors identified by a fission yeast-based HTS. J Biomol Screen 2010;15:359-67
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castro A, Jerez MJ, Gil C, et al. CODES, a novel procedure for ligand-based virtual screening: PDE7 inhibitors as an application example. Eur J Med Chem 2008;43:1349-59
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giembycz MA. Life after PDE4: overcoming adverse events with dual-specificity phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2005;5:238-44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castaño T, Wang H, Campillo NE, et al. Synthesis, structural analysis, and biological evaluation of thioxoquinazoline derivatives as phosphodiesterase 7 inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2009;4:866-76
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanchez AI, Martinez-Barrasa V, Burgos C, et al. Synthesis and evaluation of quinazoline derivatives as phosphodiesterase 7 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2013;21:2370-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo J, Watson A, Kempson J, et al. Identification of potent pyrimidine inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 7 (PDE7) and their ability to inhibit T cell proliferation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009;19:1935-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CSIC. Use of quinazoline derivatives for neurodegenerative diseases. WO2010133742; 2010
   Google Scholar
• Mokry J, Joskova M, Mokra D, et al. Effects of selective inhibition of PDE4 and PDE7 on airway reactivity and cough in healthy and ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs. Adv Exp Med Biol 2013;756:57-64
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Redondo M, Soteras I, Brea J, et al. Unraveling phosphodiesterase surfaces. Identification of phosphodiesterase 7 allosteric modulation cavities. Eur J Med Chem 2013;70:781-8
   Google Scholar
• Morales-Garcia JA, Redondo M, Alonso-Gil S, et al. Phosphodiesterase 7 inhibition preserves dopaminergic neurons in cellular and rodent models of Parkinson disease. PLoS One 2011;6:e17240
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Paterniti I, Mazzon E, Gil C, et al. PDE 7 inhibitors: new potential drugs for the therapy of spinal cord injury. PLoS One 2011;6:e15937
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Martinez A, Gil C. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors as a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. In: Martinez A, Gil C, editors. Emerging drugs and targets for Parkinson’s disease. The Royal Society of Chemistry; Cambridge, UK: 2013. p. 294-307
   Google Scholar
• Perez-Gonzalez R, Pascual C, Antequera D, et al. Phosphodiesterase 7 inhibitor reduced cognitive impairment and pathological hallmarks in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurobiol Aging 2013;34:2133-45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banerjee A, Patil S, Pawar MY, et al. Imidazopyridazinones as novel PDE7 inhibitors: SAR and in vivo studies in Parkinson’s disease model. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012;22:6286-91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Omeros Corp. The use of PDE7 inhibitors for the treatment of movement disorders. WO2008119057A2; 2008
   Google Scholar
• Tremblay RG, Sikorska M, Sandhu JK, et al. Differentiation of mouse Neuro 2A cells into dopamine neurons. J Neurosci Methods 2010;186:60-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morales-García JA, Pérez-Castillo A, Redondo M, et al. The PDE7 inhibitor S14 induces neurogenesis in vitro and in a rodent model of Parkinson disease. Neurodeg Dis 2013;11:Supp1
   Google Scholar
• CSIC. 5-Imino-1,2,4-thiadiazoles derivatives useful for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. WO2011039403; 2011
   Google Scholar
• Susin C, Morales-Garcia JA, Aguilar-Morante D, et al. The new iminothiadiazole derivative VP1.14 ameliorates hippocampal damage after an excitotoxic injury. J Neurochem 2012;122:1193-202
   Google Scholar
• Medina-Rodriguez EM, Arenzana FJ, Pastor J, et al. Inhibition of endogenous phosphodiesterase 7 promotes oligodendrocyte precursor differentiation and survival. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013;70:3449-62
   Google Scholar
• Gonzalez-Garcia C, Bravo B, Ballester A, et al. Comparative assessment of PDE 4 and 7 inhibitors as therapeutic agents in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Br J Pharmacol 2013;170:602-13
   Google Scholar
• Redondo M, Brea J, Perez DI, et al. Effect of phosphodiesterase 7 (PDE7) inhibitors in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice. Discovery of a new chemically diverse family of compounds. J Med Chem 2012;55:3274-84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Redondo M, Palomo V, Brea J, et al. Identification in silico and experimental validation of novel phosphodiesterase 7 inhibitors with efficacy in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2012;3:793-803
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morales-Garcia JA, Palomo V, Redondo M, et al. Crosstalk between phosphodiesterase 7 and glycogen synthase kinase-3: two relevant therapeutic targets for neurological disorders. ACS Chem Neurosci 2014;5:194-204
   Google Scholar
• Yamamoto S, Sugahara S, Naito R, et al. The effects of a novel phosphodiesterase 7A and -4 dual inhibitor, YM-393059, on T-cell-related cytokine production in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Pharmacol 2006;541:106-14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• García AM, Brea J, Morales-García JA, et al. Modulation of cAMP specific PDE without emetogenic activity: new sulfide-like PDE7 inhibitors. J Med Chem 2014; In press
   Google Scholar
• Fisher DA, Smith JF, Pillar JS, et al. Isolation and characterization of PDE8A, a novel human cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998;246:570-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soderling SH, Bayuga SJ, Beavo JA. Cloning and characterization of a cAMP-specific cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998;95:8991-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayashi M, Matsushima K, Ohashi H, et al. Molecular cloning and characterization of human PDE8B, a novel thyroid-specific isozyme of 3’,5’-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998;250:751-6
   Google Scholar
• Vasta V, Shimizu-Albergine M, Beavo JA. Modulation of Leydig cell function by cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 8A. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006;103:19925-30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patrucco E, Albergine MS, Santana LF, et al. Phosphodiesterase 8A (PDE8A) regulates excitation-contraction coupling in ventricular myocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2010;49:330-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayashi M, Shimada Y, Nishimura Y, et al. Genomic organization, chromosomal localization, and alternative splicing of the human phosphodiesterase 8B gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002;297:1253-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appenzeller S, Schirmacher A, Halfter H, et al. Autosomal-dominant striatal degeneration is caused by a mutation in the phosphodiesterase 8B gene. Am J Hum Genet 2010;86:83-7
   Google Scholar
• Horvath A, Giatzakis C, Tsang K, et al. A cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE8B) that is mutated in adrenal hyperplasia is expressed widely in human and mouse tissues: a novel PDE8B isoform in human adrenal cortex. Eur J Hum Genet 2008;16:1245-53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gamanuma M, Yuasa K, Sasaki T, et al. Comparison of enzymatic characterization and gene organization of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 8 family in humans. Cell Signal 2003;15:565-74
   Google Scholar
• Tsai LC, Shimizu-Albergine M, Beavo JA. The high-affinity cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase 8B controls steroidogenesis in the mouse adrenal gland. Mol Pharmacol 2011;79:639-48
   Google Scholar
• Tsai LC, Beavo JA. Regulation of adrenal steroidogenesis by the high-affinity phosphodiesterase 8 family. Horm Metab Res 2012;44:790-4
   Google Scholar
• Shimizu-Albergine M, Tsai LC, Patrucco E, et al. cAMP-specific phosphodiesterases 8A and 8B, essential regulators of Leydig cell steroidogenesis. Mol Pharmacol 2012;81:556-66
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perez-Torres S, Cortes R, Tolnay M, et al. Alterations on phosphodiesterase type 7 and 8 isozyme mRNA expression in Alzheimer’s disease brains examined by in situ hybridization. Exp Neurol 2003;182:322-34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsai LC, Chan GC, Nangle SN, et al. Inactivation of Pde8b enhances memory, motor performance, and protects against age-induced motor coordination decay. Genes Brain Behav 2012;11:837-47
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly MP, Adamowicz W, Bove S, et al. Select 3’,5’-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases exhibit altered expression in the aged rodent brain. Cell Signal 2014;26:383-97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vang AG, Ben-Sasson SZ, Dong H, et al. PDE8 regulates rapid Teff cell adhesion and proliferation independent of ICER. PLoS One 2010;5:e12011
   Google Scholar
• DeNinno MP, Wright SW, Visser MS, et al. 1,5-Substituted nipecotic amides: selective PDE8 inhibitors displaying diastereomer-dependent microsomal stability. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011;21:3095-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfizer Inc. Substituted triazolopyrimidines as PDE8 inhibitors. WO2011058478A1; 2011
   Google Scholar
• DeNinno MP, Wright SW, Etienne JB, et al. Discovery of triazolopyrimidine-based PDE8B inhibitors: exceptionally ligand-efficient and lipophilic ligand-efficient compounds for the treatment of diabetes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012;22:5721-6
   Google Scholar
• The University of Connecticut. Methods using phosphodiesterase 8 inhibitors for the treatment of inflammation. US20090105281A1; 2009
   Google Scholar
• Demirbas D, Wyman AR, Shimizu-Albergine M, et al. A yeast-based chemical screen identifies a PDE inhibitor that elevates steroidogenesis in mouse Leydig cells via PDE8 and PDE4 inhibition. PLoS One 2013;8:e71279
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maurice DH, Ke H, Ahmad F, et al. Advances in targeting cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2014;13:290-314
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CSIC. Compound that is a dual inhibitor of enzymes PDE7 and/or PDE4, pharmaceutical compositions and uses thereof. WO2008113881A1; 2008
   Google Scholar
• Fortin M, D’Anjou H, Higgins ME, et al. A multi-target antisense approach against PDE4 and PDE7 reduces smoke-induced lung inflammation in mice. Respir Res 2009;10:39
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Guimond A, Viau E, Aube P, et al. Advantageous toxicity profile of inhaled antisense oligonucleotides following chronic dosing in non-human primates. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2008;21:845-54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar