Pharmacology and clinical efficacy of desloratadine as an anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory drug

Bibliography

• SLY RM: Changing prevalence of allergic rhinitis and asthma. Ann. AllergyAsthmaImmunol. (1999) 02:233–48.
   Google Scholar
• •Epidemiological survey documenting the prevalence and impact of allergic rhinitis and asthma.
   Google Scholar
• DRAGSTEDT CA, MEAD FB: The role of histamine in canine anaphylactic shock. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. (1936) 57:419–426.
   Google Scholar
• SIMONS FER, SIMONS KJ: Clinical pharmacology of new histamine H receptor antagonists. Clin. Pharma-cokinet. (1999) 36:329–352.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •In this authoritative article, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the second-generation antihista-mines are reviewed and side effects with some of these drugs are described. Studies described also provide the scientific foundation for using the new Hi antagonists with optimal effectiveness and safety.
   Google Scholar
• DUBUSKE LM: Second-generation antihistamines: the risk of ventricular arrhythmias. Clin. Ther. (1999) 21:281–295.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ••This article summarises the comparative effects of severalsecond-generation antihistamines on the prolongation of the QT interval and development of torsades de pointes.
   Google Scholar
• HEY JA, AFFRIME M, COBERT B et al.: Cardiovascular profile of loratadine. Clin. Exp. Allergy (1999) 29 (Suppl. 3):197–199.
   Google Scholar
• •This article describes the cardiovascular profile of loratadine, the parent compound of desloratadine.
   Google Scholar
• BOUSQUET J, CZARLEWSKI W, DANZIG M: Antiallergic properties of loratadine. A review. Adv. Ther. (1995) 12:283–298.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KROEGEL C, HERZOG V, KNOCHEL B et al.: Anti-inflammatory actions of histamine Hi-receptor antagonists unrelated to H1 receptor blockade. Clin. Immunother. (1996) 6:449–464.
   Google Scholar
• KREUTNER W, HEY JA, ANTHES J et al.: Preclinical pharmacology of desloratadine, a selective and nonsedating histamine H1 receptor antagonist. 1" communication: receptor selectivity, antihistaminic activity and antiallergic effects. Arzneimittelforschung (2000) 50:345–352.
   Google Scholar
• ••This article is the first communication describing thepharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of desloratadine under in vitro and in vivo systems.
   Google Scholar
• YASUDA SU, YASUDA RP: Affinities of brompheni- ramine, chlorpheniramine and terfenadine at the five human muscarinic cholinergic receptor subtypes. Pharmacotherapy (1999) 19:447–451.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ANTHES J, RICHARD C, WEST RE et al.: Functional characterization of desloratadine and other antihista-mines in human histamine Hi receptors. Allergy (2000) 55 (Suppl. 63):277.
   Google Scholar
• KREUTNER W, HEY JA, CHIU P et al.: Pr eclinical pharma-cology of desloratadine, a selective and nonsedating histamine H1 receptor antagonist. 2n1 communica-tion: lack of central nervous system and cardiovas-cular effects. Arzneimittelforschung (2000) 50:441–448.
   Google Scholar
• ••This article describes preclinical studies with desloratadineand provides evidence that desloratadine is a safe antihista-mine without adverse CNS, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, or renal effects.
   Google Scholar
• HANDLEY DA, MCCULLOUGH JR, FANG Y et al.: Descar-boethoxyloratadine, a metabolite of loratadine, is a superior antihistamine. Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. (1997) 78:143.
   Google Scholar
• GENOVESE A, PATELLA V, DE CRESCENZO G et al.: Loratadine and desethoxylcarbonyl-loratadine inhibit the immunological release of mediators from human FcERI± cells. Clin. Exp. Allergy (1997) 27:559–567.
   Google Scholar
• ••This article describes studies to test the ability of loratadineand deslororatadine to inhibit the release of several preformed and de novo synthesised mediators from isolated FcERI+ cells.
   Google Scholar
• LETARI 0, MIOZZO A, FOLCO G et al.: Effects of loratadine on cytosolic Ca2-1- levels and leukotriene release: novel mechanisms of action indepndent of the anti-histamine activity. Eur. j Pharmacol (1994) 266:219–227.
   Google Scholar
• BERTHON B, TAUDOU G, COMBETTES L et al.: In vitroinhibition, by loratadine and descarboxyethoxylo-ratadine, of histamine release from human basophils and of histamine release and intracellular calcium fluxes in rat basophilic leukemia cells. Biochetn. Pharmacol. (1994) 47 No.5:789–794.
   Google Scholar
• LIPPERT U, KRUGER-KRASAGAKES S et al.: Pharma-cological modulation of IL-6 and IL-8 secretion by the Hi-antagonist descarboethoxyloratadine and dexamethasone in human mast and basophilic cell lines. Exp. Dermatol. (1995) 4:272–276.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• •This article describes studies that evaluated the ability of desloratadine and loratadine to inhibit histamine activation of cultured epithelial cells derived from nasal polyps.
   Google Scholar
• VIGNOLA AM, CRANAETTE L, MONDAIN M et al.: Inhibi- tory activity of loratadine and descarboethoxylo-ratadine on expression of ICAM-1 and HIA-DR by nasal epithelial cells. Allergy (1995) 50:200–203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ••This article descibes in vitro studies demonstrating thatdesloratadine and loratadine suppress cytokine secretion in a dose-dependent manner.
   Google Scholar
• CIPRANDI G, PRONZATO C, RICCA V et al: Evidence ofintercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression on nasal epithelial cells on acute rhinoconjunctivitis caused by allergen exposure. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. (1994) 94:738–746.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LEBEL B, BOUSQUET J, CZARLEWSKI W, CAMPBELL AM:loratadine reduces RANTES release by an epithelial cell line. J Allergy Clin. Immunol (1997) 99:S444.
   Google Scholar
• AGRAWAL DK, BERRO A, KREUTNER W et al.: Anti-inflammatory properties of desloratadine (DCL): effect on eosinophil chemotaxis, adhesion and release of superoxide anions. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol (2000) i05(1 pt 2):S16.
   Google Scholar
• MARINO M, GLUE P, HERRON JM et al: Lack of electro-cardiographic effects of multiple high doses of desloratadine. Allergy (2000) 55 (Suppl. 63)279.
   Google Scholar
• GLUE P, BANFIELD C, AFFRIME MB et al: Lack of electro-cardiographic interaction between desloratadine and erythromycin. Allergy (2000) 55 (Suppl. 63)276.
   Google Scholar
• AFFRIME MB, BANFIELD C, GLUE P et al: Lack of electro-cardiographic effects when desloratadine and ketoconazole are coadminister ed. Allergy (2000) 55 (Suppl. 63):277.
   Google Scholar
• BANFIELD C, PADHI D, GLUE P et al.: Electrocardio-gr op hic effects of multiple high doses of desloratadine. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol (2000) i05(1 pt 2):5383.
   Google Scholar
• HERRON JM, PADHI D, AFFRIME MB et al: Desloratadinedemonstrates dose proportionality/linear pharmacokinetics in healthy adults. Allergy (2000) 55 (Suppl. 63):267.
   Google Scholar
• BANFIELD C, ROSENBERG M, COHEN A et al: Race and gender do not affect the multiple-dose pharmacoki-netics and safety of desloratadine. Allergy (2000) 55 (Suppl. 63):277.
   Google Scholar
• SILVERMAN JA: P-glycoprotein. In: Metabolic Drug Interactions. Levy RH, Thummel KE, Trager WF, Hansten PD, Eichelbaum M (Eds.), Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, USA (2000):135–144.
   Google Scholar
• BANFIELD C, GUPTA S, AFFRIME M et al: Grapefruit juice reduces the bioavailability of fexofenadine but not desloratadine. Allergy (2000) 55 (Supp1.63):199.
   Google Scholar
• GUPTA S, PADHI D, BANFIELD C et al: The oral bioavail-ability of desloratadine is unaffected by food. Allergy (2000) 55 (Suppl. 63):268.
   Google Scholar
• SALMUN LM, LORBER RR, DANZIG MR et al.: Desloratadine is safe and effective treatment for relief of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Allergy (2000) 55 (Suppl. 63):268.
   Google Scholar
• HORAK F, STÜBNER UP, ZIEGLMAYER R et al.: Onset and duration of action of desloratadine after controlled pollen challenges in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Allergy (2000) 55 (Suppl. 63):279.
   Google Scholar
• NAYAK A, SALMUN LM, LORBER RR: Desloratadine relieves nasal congestion in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Allergy (2000) 55 (Suppl. 63):193.
   Google Scholar
• RING J, HEIN R, GAUGER A et al.: Once-daily desloratadine improves the signs and symptoms of chronic idiopathic urticaria: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Int. J. Dertn. (2001) 40:1–7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• VUURMAN E, RAMAEKERS JG, RIKKEN G et al.: Desloratadine does not impair actual driving perform-ance: a 3-way crossover comparison with diphenhy-dr amine and placebo. Allergy (2000) 55 (Suppl. 63):263.
   Google Scholar
• SCHARF MB, KAY G, RIKKEN G et al.: Desloratadine has no effect on wakefulness or psychomotor perform-ance. Allergy (2000) 55 (Suppl. 63):280.
   Google Scholar
• RIKKEN G, SCHARF MB, DANZIG MR et al.: Desloratadine and alcohol coadministration: no increase in impair-ment of performance over that induced by alcohol alone. Allergy (2000) 55 (Suppl. 63)277. Devendra K Agrawal
   Google Scholar