Bibliography
- ANDERER FA, SCHLUMBERGER HD: Properties of differ- ent artificial antigens immunologically related to to-bacco mosaic virus. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (1965) 97:503–509.
- LANGBEHEIM H, ARNON R, SELA M: Antiviral effect on MS-2 coliphage obtained with a synthetic antigen. Proc. Natl. Acad. ScL USA (1976) 73:4636–4640.
- NICHOLSON BH: Synthetic Vaccines. Nicholson B (Ed.), Blackwell, Oxford (1994):542.
- BROWN F: The importance of antigenic variation in vaccine design. Arch. Virol. (Sapp].) (1994) 9:1–8.
- BROWN F: Foot-and-mouth disease. In: Synthetic Vac-cines. Nicholson B (Ed.), Blackwell, Oxford, UK (1994):416–432.
- CHOREV M, GOODMAN M: A dozen years of retro-inverso peptidomimetics. Acc. Chem. Res. (1993) 26:266–273.
- GUICHARD G, BENKIRANE N, ZEDER-LUTZ G et al.: Anti-genic mimicry of natural t-peptides with retro-inverso peptidomimetics. Proc. Natl. Acad. ScL USA (1994) 91:9765–9769.
- VAN REGENMORTEL MEW: Immunochemical recogni-tion of retro-inverso peptides and their potential as synthetic vaccines. In: Vaccines 97. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor (1997):9–15.
- BRIAND JP, GUICHARD G, DUMORTIER H et al.: Retro-invers o peptidomimetics as new immunological probes. J. Biol. Chem. (1995) 270:20686–20691.
- BRIAND JP, BENKIRANE N, GUICHARD G et al.: A retro-inverso peptide corresponding to the Gil loop of foot-and-mouth disease virus elicits high levels of long last-ing protective neutralizing antibodies. Proc. Natl. Acad. ScL USA (1997) 94:12545–12550.
- MULLER S, GUICHARD G, BENKIRANE N et al.: Enhancedimmunogenicity and cross-reactivity of retro-inverso peptidomimetics of the major antigenic site of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Peptide Res. (1995) 8:138–144.
- CHOREV M, GOODMAN M: Recent developments in retro peptides and proteins - an ongoing topochemical exploration. Trends Biotechnol. (1995) 13:438–445.
- BENKIRANE N, FRIEDE M, GUICHARD G et al.: Antigenic-ity and immunogenicity of modified synthetic pep-tides containing u-amino acid residues. J. Biol. Chem. (1993) 268:26279–26285.
- BENKIRANE N, GUICHARD G, VAN REGENMORTEL MHVet al: Cross-reactivity of antibodies to retro-inverso peptidomimetics with the parent protein histone 113 and chromatin core particle. J. Biol. Chem. (1995) 270:11921–11926.
- GILL TJ, GOULD HJ, DOTY P: Role of optical isomers in determining the antigenicity of synthetic polypep-tides. Nature (1963) 197:746–747.
- DINTZIS HM, SYMER DE, DINTZIS RZ et al.: A comparison of the immunogenicity of a pair of enantiomeric pro-teins. Proteins (1993) 16:306–308.
- HERVE M, MAILLERE B, MOURIER G et al.: On the immu-nogenic properties of retro-inverso peptides. Total retro-inverso of T-cell epitopes causes a loss of binding to MHC II molecules. Mol Immunol. (1997) 34:157–163.
- SELA M, ZISMAN E: Different roles of u-amino acids in immune phenomena. FASEB J (1997) 11:449–456.
- JANE WAY CA, SELA M: Synthetic antigens composed ex-clusively of or u-amino acids. Immunology (1967) 13:29–38.
- VERDOLIVA A, RUVO M, CASSANI G et al.: Topological mimicry of cross-reacting enantiomeric peptide anti-gens. J. Biol. Chem. (1995) 270:30422–30427.
- ACHARYA R, FRY E, STUART D et al.: The three-dimensional structure of foot-and-mouth disease virus at 2.9 A resolution. Nature (1989) 337:709–716.
- BACHRACH HL, MOORE DM, MCKERCHER PD et al.: Im-mune and antibody responses to an isolated capsid protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus. J. Immunol. (1975) 115:1636–1641.
- KLEID DG, YANSURA D, SMALL B et al.: Cloned viral pro-tein vaccine for foot-and-mouth disease: responses in cattle and swine. Science (1981) 214:1125–1129.
- STROHMAIER K, FRANZE R, ADAM KH: Location and characterisation of the antigenic portion of the FMDV immunising protein. J. Gen. Virol. (1982) 59:295–306.
- PFAFF E, MUSSGAY M, BOHM HO et al.: Antibodies against a preselected peptide recognize and neutralize foot and mouth disease virus. EMBOJ (1982) 1:869–874.
- BITTLE JL, HOUGHTEN RA, ALEXANDER H et al.: Protec-tion against foot-and-mouth disease by immunization with a chemically synthesized peptide predicted from the viral nucleotide sequence. Nature (1982) 298:30–33.
- DI MARCHI R, BROOKE G, GALE C et al.: Protection of cattle against foot-and-mouth disease by a synthetic peptide. Science (1986) 232:639–641.
- DOEL TR, DOEL CMFA, STAPLE RF et al.: Cross-reactiveand serotype specific antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus generated by different regions of the same synthetic peptide. J. Vim]. (1992) 66:2187–2194.
- ROWLANDS DJ, CLARKE BE, CARROLL AR et al: Chemicalbasis of antigenic variation in foot-and-mouth disease virus. Nature (1983) 306:694–697.
- FRANCIS MJ, HASTINGS GZ, BROWN F et al.: Immuno-logical evaluation of the multiple antigen peptide (MAP) system using the major immunogenic site of foot-and-mouse disease virus. Immunology (1991) 73:249–254.
- FRANCIS MJ, HASTINGS GZ, SYRED AD et al.: Non-responsiveness to a foot-and-mouth disease virus pep-tide overcome by addition of foreign helper T-cell de-terminants. Nature (1987) 300:168–170.
- BENKIRANE N, GUICHARD G, BRIAND JP et al.: Mimicry of viral epitopes with retro-inverso peptides of in-creased stability. In: New Approaches to Stabilisation of Vaccines Potency. Brown F, Karger (Ed.), Dev. Biol. Stand., Basel (1996) 87:283–291.
- MEZIERE C, VIGUIER M, DUMORTIER H et al.: In vivo T-helper cell response to retro-inverso peptidomimet-ics. j Immunol. (1997) 159(7):3230–3237.
- BARTNES K, HANNESTAD K, GUICHARD G eta].: A retro-inverso analog mimicks the cognate peptide epitope of a CD4+ T-cell clone. Eur. J. Immunol (1997) 27 (6):1387–1391.
- GUICHARD G, CONNAN F, GRAFF R etal.: Partially modi-fied retro-inverso pseudopeptides as non-natural ligands for the human class I histocompatibility mole-cule, HLA-A2. J. Med. Chem. (1996) 39:2030–2039.
- OSTANKOVITCH M, GUICHARD G, CONNAN F et al.: Apartially modified retro-inverso pseudopeptide modu-lates the cytokine profile of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes specific for an influenza virus epitope. J. Immunol (1998) 161(0:200–208.
- JAMESON BA, MCDONNELL JM, MARINI JC et al.: A ration-ally designed CD4 analogue inhibits experimental al-lergic encephalomyelitis. Nature (1994) 368:744–746.
- MCDONNELL JM, BEAVIL AJ, MACKAY GA et al.: Structurebased design and characterization of peptides that in-hibit IgE binding to its high-affinity receptor. Nature Struct. Biol. (1996) 3:419–426.
- GUICHARD G, MULLER S, VAN REGENMORTEL MHV et al.:Structural limitations to antigenic mimicry achievable with retro-inverso (all-n-retro) peptides. Trends Bio-technol. (1996) 14:44–45.
- CARVER JA, ESPOSITO G, VIGLINO P et al.: Structuralcomparison between retro-inverso and parent pep-tides. Molecular basis for the biological activity of a retro-inverso analogue of the immunodominant frag-ment of VP1 coat protein from foot-and-mouth disease virus. Biopolymers (1997) 41:569–590.