A review of rescue regimens after clarithromycin-containing triple therapy failure (for Helicobacter pylori eradication)

Bibliography

• Vakil N. H. pylori treatment: new wine in old bottles? Am J Gastroenterol 2009;104(1):26-30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Calvet X, O'Connor A, Sequential therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a critical review. J Clin Gastroenterol 2010;44(5):313-25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Calvet X. Review article: non-bismuth quadruple (concomitant) therapy for eradication of Helicobater pylori. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011;34(6):604-17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Pajares JM. Review article: Helicobacter pylori “rescue” regimen when proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapies fail. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2002;16(6):1047-57
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Pajares JM. Helicobacter pylori "rescue" therapy after failure of two eradication treatments. Helicobacter 2005;10(5):363-72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP. "Rescue" regimens after Helicobacter pylori treatment failure. World J Gastroenterol 2008;14(35):5385-402
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP. Rescue therapy after Helicobacter pylori eradication failure. Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011;34(2):89-99
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Boer WA, Tytgat GN. Regular review: treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. BMJ 2000;320(7226):31-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calvet X, Gene E, Sanfeliu I. Estrategias terapeuticas para la infeccion por Helicobacter pylori. Med Clin (Barc) 2001;116(6):239
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Howden CW, Hunt RH. Guidelines for the management of Helicobacter pylori infection. Ad Hoc Committee on Practice Parameters of the American College of Gastroenterology. Am J Gastroenterol 1998;93(12):2330-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Gonzalez L, Calvet X, Proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and either amoxicillin or nitroimidazole: a meta-analysis of eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000;14(10):1319-28
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Pajares R, Pajares JM. Evolution of Helicobacter pylori therapy from a meta-analytical perspective. Helicobacter 2007;12(Suppl 2):50-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gisbert JP, McNicholl AG. Maintenance of Helicobacter pylori eradication rates with triple therapy over 12 years in a Spanish hospital. Helicobacter 2012;17(2):160-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Calvet X. Review article: the effectiveness of standard triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori has not changed over the last decade, but it is not good enough. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011;34(11-12):1255-68
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laheij RJ, Rossum LG, Jansen JB, Evaluation of treatment regimens to cure Helicobacter pylori infection–a meta-analysis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;13(7):857-64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vakil N, Hahn B, McSorley D. Clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori in patients with duodenal ulcer in the United States. Am J Gastroenterol 1998;93(9):1432-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Megraud F. H pylori antibiotic resistance: prevalence, importance, and advances in testing. Gut 2004;53(9):1374-84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Egan BJ, Marzio L, O'Connor H, O'Morain C. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2008;13(Suppl 1):35-40
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yakoob J, Abid S, Abbas Z, Jafri SN. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Helicobacter pylori and triple therapy in a high-prevalence area. Br J Biomed Sci 2010;67(4):197-201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Megraud F, Coenen S, Versporten A, Helicobacter pylori resistance to antibiotics in Europe and its relationship to antibiotic consumption. Gut 2013;62:34-42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Megraud F. Helicobacter pylori and antibiotic resistance. Gut 2007;56(11):1502
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, O'Morain CA, Management of Helicobacter pylori infection–the Maastricht IV/Florence Consensus Report. Gut 2012;61(5):646-64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furuta T, Kato M, Sugimoto M, Triple therapy with ecabet sodium, amoxicillin and lansoprazole for 2 weeks as the rescue regimen for H. pylori infection. Intern Med 2011;50(5):369-74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamada T, Haruma K, Ito M, Re-treatment with proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin and metronidazole is effective for eradicating failure of H. pylori in Japan. XIV International Workshop on Helicobacter and Related Bacteria in Chronic Digestive Inflammation and Gastric Cancer. Helicobacter 2001;A93
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kamada T, Haruma K, Kusunoki H, Re-treatment with rabeprazole, amoxicillin, and metronidazole is effective second-line therapies for eradicating H. pylori in Japan. XVI International Workshop on Helicobacter and Related Bacteria in Chronic Digestive Inflammation and Gastric Cancer. Helicobacter 2003;8:476
   Google Scholar
• Kim G, Kim Y, Song J, Park S. Changes in eradication rates of first-line and second-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection. XXIII International Workshop on Helicobacter and Related Bacteria in Chronic Digestive Inflammation and Gastric Cancer. Helicobacter 2010;15(4):341
   Google Scholar
• Magaret N, Burm M, Faigel D, A randomized trial of lansoprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin versus lansoprazole, bismuth, metronidazole and tetracycline in the retreatment of patients failing initial Helicobacter pylori therapy. Dig Dis 2001;19(2):174-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagahara A, Miwa H, Ohkura R, A 10-days PPI/AM regimen is significantly effective as second-line treatment in unsuccessfully treated patients by first-line PPI/AC regimens. Gastroenterology 2000;118(4 Suppl 2):A1281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagahara A, Miwa H, Ohkura R, Strategy for retreatment of therapeutic failure of eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001;16(6):613-18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peitz U, Sulliga M, Nusch A, Randomised study on the impact of resistance on second-line treatment after failed metronidazole-clarithromycin containing triple therapy. Gut 1998;43(Suppl 2):A82-3
   Google Scholar
• Furuta T, Shirai N, Xiao F, High-dose rabeprazole/amoxicillin therapy as the second-line regimen after failure to eradicate H. pylori by triple therapy with the usual doses of a proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and amoxicillin. Hepatogastroenterology 2003;50(54):2274-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Furuta T, Shirai N, Kodaira M, Pharmacogenomics-based tailored versus standard therapeutic regimen for eradication of H. pylori. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2007;81(4):521-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isomoto H, Inoue K, Furusu H, High-dose rabeprazole-amoxicillin versus rabeprazole-amoxicillin-metronidazole as second-line treatment after failure of the Japanese standard regimen for Helicobacter pylori infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003;18(1):101-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shirai N, Sugimoto M, Kodaira C, Dual therapy with high doses of rabeprazole and amoxicillin versus triple therapy with rabeprazole, amoxicillin, and metronidazole as a rescue regimen for Helicobacter pylori infection after the standard triple therapy. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2007;63(8):743-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fukuda S, Shimoyama T, Tanaka M, Duration of the metronidazole-containing regimen for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in northern Japan. Jpn J Infect Dis 2006;59(6):367-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kudo T, Fujinami H, Hosokawa A, Impact of efficacies of triple therapy using lafutidine plus amoxicillin-metronidazole for proton pump inhibitor-amoxicillin-clarithromycin treatment failures for Helicobacter pylori infection. Gastroenterology 2009;136(5):A-341
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsumoto Y, Miki I, Aoyama N, Levofloxacin- versus metronidazole-based rescue therapy for H. pylori infection in Japan. Dig Liver Dis 2005;37(11):821-5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Miwa H, Nagahara A, Kurosawa A, Is antimicrobial susceptibility testing necessary before second-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection? Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003;17(12):1545-51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murakami K, Okimoto T, Kodama M, Comparison of amoxicillin-metronidazole plus famotidine or lansoprazole for amoxicillin-clarithromycin-proton pump inhibitor treatment failures for Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2006;11(5):436-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murakami K, Okimoto T, Kodama M, Evaluation of three different proton pump inhibitors with amoxicillin and metronidazole in retreatment for Helicobacter pylori infection. J Clin Gastroenterol 2008;42(2):139-42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishizawa T, Suzuki H, Masaoka T, A new eradication resistance index as a predictor of metronidazole-containing second-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori. Digestion 2007;76(3-4):215-20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimoyama T, Fukuda S, Mikami T, Efficacy of metronidazole for the treatment of clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori infection in a Japanese population. J Gastroenterol 2004;39(10):927-30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Boixeda D, Bermejo F, Re-treatment after Helicobacter pylori eradication failure. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1999;11(9):1049-54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hori K, Miwa H, Matsumoto T. Efficacy of 2-week, second-line Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy using rabeprazole, amoxicillin, and metronidazole for the Japanese population. Helicobacter 2011;16(3):234-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu TH, Chuah SK, Hsu PI, Randomized comparison of two non-bismuth-containing rescue therapies for Helicobacter pylori. Am J Med Sci 2011;342(3):177-81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsuhisa T, Kawai T, Masaoka T, Efficacy of metronidazole as second-line drug for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Japanese population: a multicenter study in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area. Helicobacter 2006;11(3):152-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miki I, Aoyama N, Sakai T, Impact of clarithromycin resistance and CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism on treatment efficacy of Helicobacter pylori infection with lansoprazole- or rabeprazole-based triple therapy in Japan. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2003;15(1):27-33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murakami K, Sato R, Okimoto T, Efficacy of triple therapy comprising rabeprazole, amoxicillin and metronidazole for second-line Helicobacter pylori eradication in Japan, and the influence of metronidazole resistance. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003;17(1):119-23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagahara A, Miwa H, Kawabe M, Second-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection in Japan: proton pump inhibitor-based amoxicillin and metronidazole regimen. J Gastroenterol 2004;39(11):1051-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ueki N, Miyake K, Kusunoki M, Impact of quadruple regimen of clarithromycin added to metronidazole-containing triple therapy against Helicobacter pylori infection following clarithromycin-containing triple-therapy failure. Helicobacter 2009;14(2):91-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lam SK, Talley NJ. Report of the 1997 Asia Pacific Consensus Conference on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1998;13(1):1-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Calvet X, Gomollon F, Sainz R. Treatment for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Recommendations of the Spanish Consensus Conference. Med Clin (Barc) 2000;114(5):185-95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malfertheiner P, Bazzoli F, Delchier JC, Helicobacter pylori eradication with a capsule containing bismuth subcitrate potassium, metronidazole, and tetracycline given with omeprazole versus clarithromycin-based triple therapy: a randomised, open-label, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2011;377(9769):905-13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nista EC, Candelli M, Cremonini F, Levofloxacin-based triple therapy vs. quadruple therapy in second-line Helicobacter pylori treatment: a randomized trial. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003;18(6):627-33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boixeda D, Bermejo F, Martin-De-Argila C, Efficacy of quadruple therapy with pantoprazole, bismuth, tetracycline and metronidazole as rescue treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2002;16(8):1457-60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheon JH, Kim SG, Kim JM, Combinations containing amoxicillin-clavulanate and tetracycline are inappropriate for Helicobacter pylori eradication despite high in vitro susceptibility. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006;21(10):1590-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheon JH, Kim N, Lee DH, Efficacy of moxifloxacin-based triple therapy as second-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2006;11(1):46-51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chung SJ, Lee DH, Kim N, Eradication rates of helicobacter pylori infection with second-line treatment: non-ulcer dyspepsia compared to peptic ulcer disease. Hepatogastroenterology 2007;54(76):1293-6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chung JW, Jung HY, Choi KD, Trend of first-line and second-line eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection in Korea. Gastroenterology 2009;163(5):A-24
   Google Scholar
• Chung JW, Lee JH, Jung HY, Second-line Helicobacter pylori eradication: a randomized comparison of 1-week or 2-week bismuth-containing quadruple therapy. Helicobacter 2011;16(4):289-94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chung KH, Lee DH, Kim N, Efficacy of second-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection: moxifloxacin-containing triple therapy vs. Bismuth-containing quadruple therapy. Gastroenterology 2012;142(5):S-483-S-84
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elizalde IR, Borda F, Jara C, Eficacia de dos tratamientos consecutivos en la erradicacion de Helicobacter pylori. Anales Sis San Navarra 1998;21(Suppl 2):83-8
   Google Scholar
• Finizio R, Nista EC, Candelli M, Levofloxacin-based triple therapy in second-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: update. Helicobacter 2005;10:528
   Google Scholar
• Franceschi F, Finizio R, Campanale M, Sequential and standard levofloxacin-based H. pylori eradicating regimens compared to quadruple therapy: effect of levofloxacin dosage and way of administration. Gastroenterology 2011;140(5):S-58-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Georgopoulos SD, Ladas SD, Karatapanis S, Effectiveness of two quadruple, tetracycline- or clarithromycin-containing, second-line, Helicobacter pylori eradication therapies. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2002;16(3):569-75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Gisbert JL, Marcos S, Empirical rescue therapy after Helicobacter pylori treatment failure: a 10-year single-centre study of 500 patients. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008;27(4):346-54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gomollon F, Ducons JA, Ferrero M, Quadruple therapy is effective for eradicating Helicobacter pylori after failure of triple proton-pump inhibitor-based therapy: a detailed, prospective analysis of 21 consecutive cases. Helicobacter 1999;4(4):222-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang MS, Park DI, Yun JW, Levofloxacin-azithromycin combined triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Korean J Gastroenterol 2006;47(1):30-6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kang JM, Kim N, Lee DH, Second-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection: 10-day moxifloxacin-based triple therapy versus 2-week quadruple therapy. Helicobacter 2007;12(6):623-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim YS, Chun HJ, Kim KO, Efficacy of 14 day quadruple therapy (OBMT) as 2nd line treatment for H. pylori in Korea: in the case of 1st line OAC treatment failure. Gastroenterology 2003;124 Suppl 1(4):M1825
   Google Scholar
• Kuo CH, Hu HM, Kuo FC, Efficacy of levofloxacin-based rescue therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection after standard triple therapy: a randomized controlled trial. J Antimicrob Chemother 2009;63(5):1017-24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuo CH, Wang SS, Hsu WH, Rabeprazole can overcome the impact of CYP2C19 polymorphism on quadruple therapy. Helicobacter 2010;15(4):265-72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee BH, Kim N, Hwang TJ, Bismuth-containing quadruple therapy as second-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection: effect of treatment duration and antibiotic resistance on the eradication rate in Korea. Helicobacter 2010;15(1):38-45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mantzaris GJ, Petraki C, Petraki K, Prospective, randomized study of seven versus fourteen days omeprazole quadruple therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with duodenal ulcer after failure of omeprazole triple therapy. Ann Gastroenterol 2005;18(3):330-5
   Google Scholar
• Marko D, Calvet X, Ducons J, Comparison of two management strategies for Helicobacter pylori treatment: clinical study and cost-effectiveness analysis. Helicobacter 2005;10(1):22-32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michopoulos S, Tsibouris P, Bouzakis H, Randomized study comparing omeprazole with ranitidine as anti-secretory agents combined in quadruple second-line Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000;14(6):737-44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michopoulos S, Zampeli E, Anapliotis P, Substitution of tetracycline by amoxicillin in second-line Helicobacter pylori treatment conveys comparable success rates. Gastroenterology 2012;142(5 Suppl 1):S-487-S-88
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moon JY, Kim GH, Choi MK, Levofloxacin, metronidazole and lansoprazole triple therapy compared to quadruple therapy as a second line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Gastroenterology 2012;142(5 Suppl 1):S-483
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nista EC, Candelli M, Fini L, 10 days levofloxacin-based triple therapy in second-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Gastroenterology 2004;126(2):576
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ozcay F, Kocak N, Temizel IN, Helicobacter pylori infection in Turkish children: comparison of diagnostic tests, evaluation of eradication rate, and changes in symptoms after eradication. Helicobacter 2004;9(3):242-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park SC, Chun HJ, Jung SW, Efficacy of 14 day OBMT therapy as a second-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection. Korean J Gastroenterol 2004;44(3):136-41
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Perri F, Festa V, Merla A, Randomized study of different 'second-line' therapies for Helicobacter pylori infection after failure of the standard 'Maastricht triple therapy'. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003;18(8):815-20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rokkas T, Sechopoulos P, Robotis I, Cumulative H. pylori eradication rates in clinical practice by adopting first and second-line regimens proposed by the Maastricht III consensus and a third-line empirical regimen. Am J Gastroenterol 2009;104(1):21-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sicilia B, Sierra E, Lago A, High eradication rates in Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with duodenal ulcer who failed previous eradication therapy. Med Clin (Barc) 2000;115(17):641-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uygun A, Ozel AM, Yildiz O, Comparison of three different second-line quadruple therapies including bismuth subcitrate in Turkish patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia who failed to eradicate Helicobacter pylori with a 14-day standard first-line therapy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008;23(1):42-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu DC, Hsu PI, Chen A, Randomized comparison of two rescue therapies for Helicobacter pylori infection. Eur J Clin Invest 2006;36(11):803-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu DC, Hsu PI, Tseng HH, Helicobacter pylori infection: a randomized, controlled study comparing 2 rescue therapies after failure of standard triple therapies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2011;90(3):180-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choung RS, Lee SW, Yim HJ, Quadruple therapy is an effective salvage regimen for Helicobacter pylori infection in patients after failure of standard triple therapy -comparison of OBMT 7, 14 days regimen-. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2004;59(5): p. 152
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chuah S. Randomized comparison of two non-bismuth-containing second-line rescue therapies for Helicobacter pylori. Helicobacter 2012;17(3):216-23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ermis F, Akyuz F, Uyanikoglu A, Second-line levofloxacin-based triple therapy's efficiency for Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients with peptic ulcer. South Med J 2011;104(8):579-83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Festa V, Perri F, Boschetto S, Levofloxacin based triple therapy as a second-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection after failure of standard triple therapy. Gastroenterology 2002;122:W1200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Gisbert JL, Marcos S, Levofloxacin- vs. ranitidine bismuth citrate-containing therapy after H. pylori treatment failure. Helicobacter 2007;12(1):68-73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Bermejo F, Castro-Fernandez M, Second-line rescue therapy with levofloxacin after H. pylori treatment failure: a Spanish multicenter study of 300 patients. Am J Gastroenterol 2008;103(1):71-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert J. Second-line therapy with levofloxacin after failure of treatment to eradicate Helicobacter pylori infection: time trends in a Spanish Multicenter study of 1000 patients. J Clin Gastroenterol 2012; [Epub ahead of print]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee YC, Wu HM, Chen TH, A community-based study of Helicobacter pylori therapy using the strategy of test, treat, retest, and re-treat initial treatment failures. Helicobacter 2006;11(5):418-24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liou JM, Lin JT, Chang CY, Levofloxacin-based and clarithromycin-based triple therapies as first-line and second-line treatments for Helicobacter pylori infection: a randomised comparative trial with crossover design. Gut 2010;59(5):572-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nista EC, Candelli M, Di Caro S, Second-line treatment for H. pylori eradication: a new levofloxacin based strategy. Gut 2002;51(Suppl 2):A100
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Watanabe Y, Aoyama N, Shirasaka D, Levofloxacin based triple therapy as a second-line treatment after failure of helicobacter pylori eradication with standard triple therapy. Dig Liver Dis 2003;35(10):711-15
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zullo A, De Francesco V, Manes G, Second-line and rescue therapies for Helicobacter pylori eradication in clinical practice. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2010;19(2):131-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Morena F. Systematic review and meta-analysis: levofloxacin-based rescue regimens after Helicobacter pylori treatment failure. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2006;23(1):35-44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saad RJ, Schoenfeld P, Kim HM, Chey WD. Levofloxacin-based triple therapy versus bismuth-based quadruple therapy for persistent Helicobacter pylori infection: a meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2006;101(3):488-96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Y, Huang X, Yao L, Advantages of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin-based triple therapy for second-line treatments of persistent Helicobacter pylori infection: a meta analysis. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2010;122(13-14):413-22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chi CH, Lin CY, Sheu BS, Quadruple therapy containing amoxicillin and tetracycline is an effective regimen to rescue failed triple therapy by overcoming the antimicrobial resistance of Helicobacter pylori. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003;18(3):347-53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kao AW, Cheng HC, Sheu BS, Posttreatment 13C-urea breath test is predictive of antimicrobial resistance to H. pylori after failed therapy. J Gen Intern Med 2005;20(2):139-42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koksal AS, Parlak E, Filik L, Ranitidine bismuth citrate-based triple therapies as a second-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori in Turkish patients. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005;20(4):637-42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Altintas E, Ulu O, Sezgin O, Comparison of ranitidine bismuth citrate, tetracycline and metronidazole with ranitidine bismuth citrate and azithromycin for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients resistant to PPI based triple therapy. Turk J Gastroenterol 2004;15(2):90-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zullo A, Hassan C, Campo SM, A triple therapy regimen after failed Helicobacter pylori treatments. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2001;15(8):1193-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rinaldi V, Zullo A, De Francesco V, Helicobacter pylori eradication with proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapies and re-treatment with ranitidine bismuth citrate-based triple therapy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;13(2):163-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoon H, Kim N, Kim JY, Effects of multistrain probiotic-containing yogurt on second-line triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011;26(1):44-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urgesi R, Pelecca G, Cianci R, Helicobacter pylori infection: is sequential therapy superior to standard triple therapy? A single-centre Italian study in treatment-naive and non-treatment-naive patients. Can J Gastroenterol 2011;25(6):315-18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liou JM, Chen CC, Chen MJ, Empirical modified sequential therapy containing levofloxacin and high-dose esomeprazole in second-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: a multicentre clinical trial. J Antimicrob Chemother 2011;66(8):1847-52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farup PG, Lange OJ, Tholfsen J, The effect of Helicobacter pylori retreatment with ranitidine bismuth citrate, clarithromycin, and metronidazole depends on the first-line therapy. J Clin Gastroenterol 2002;35(5):379-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gasbarrini A, Ojetti V, Armuzzi A, Efficacy of a multistep strategy for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000;14(1):79-83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Perez-Aisa A, Castro-Fernandez M, Helicobacter pylori first-line treatment and rescue option containing levofloxacin in patients allergic to penicillin. Dig Liver Dis 2010;42(4):287-90
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cudia B, Romano M, Gioe FP, "Rescue" therapy including ranitidine bismuth citrate + minocycline + amoxicillin for eradication of Helicobacter pylori in previous H.P. treatment failure. Gut 1997;41(Suppl 1):A103
   Google Scholar
• Gu LY, Lin WW, Lu H, Quadruple therapy with medications containing either rufloxacin or furazolidone as a rescue regimen in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori-infected dyspepsia patients: a randomized pilot study. Helicobacter 2011;16(4):284-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tong JL, Ran ZH, Shen J, Xiao SD. Sequential therapy vs standard triple therapies for Helicobacter pylori infection: a meta-analysis. J Clin Pharm Ther 2009;34(1):41-53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zullo A, De Francesco V, Hassan C, The sequential therapy regimen for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a pooled-data analysis. Gut 2007;56(10):1353-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jafri NS, Hornung CA, Howden CW. Meta-analysis: sequential therapy appears superior to standard therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection in patients naive to treatment. Ann Intern Med 2008;148(12):923-31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gatta L, Vakil N, Leandro G, Sequential therapy or triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in adults and children. Am J Gastroenterol 2009;104(12):3069-79; quiz 1080
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Nyssen OP, McNicholl AG, Meta-analysis of sequential vs standard triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Helicobacter 2011;16(Suppl 1):131
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Calvet X. Update on non-bismuth quadruple (concomitant) therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2012;5:23-34
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Perna F, Zullo A, Ricci C, Levofloxacin-based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori re-treatment: role of bacterial resistance. Dig Liver Dis 2007;39(11):1001-5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zullo A, De Francesco V, Hassan C. Second-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori eradication after sequential therapy failure: a pilot study. Therapy 2006;3:251-4
   Google Scholar
• Pontone S, Standoli M, Angelini R, Pontone P. Efficacy of H. pylori eradication with a sequential regimen followed by rescue therapy in clinical practice. Dig Liver Dis 2010;42(8):541-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Manfredi M, Bizzarri B, De'angelis GL. Helicobacter pylori infection: sequential therapy followed by levofloxacin-containing triple therapy provides a good cumulative eradication rate. Helicobacter 2012;17(4):246-53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Marin AC, Molina-Infante J. Second-line rescue triple therapy with levofloxacin after failure of quadruple non-bismuth "Sequential" or "Concomitant" treatment. Gastroenterology 2012;142(5 Suppl 1):S-482
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar