Comparative effect of canrenone or hydrochlorothiazide addition to valsartan/amlodipine combination on urinary albumin excretion in well-controlled type 2 diabetic hypertensive patients with microalbuminuria

Bibliography

• Parving HH, Mauer M, Ritz E. Diabetic nephropathy. In: Brenner BM, editor. Brenner and rector's the kidney. 8th edition. WB Saunders; Boston, USA; 2008. p. 1265-98
   Google Scholar
• Yamagishi S, Fukami K, Ueda S, Okuda S. Molecular mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy and its therapeutic intervention. Curr Drug Targets 2007;8:952-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis EJ, Hunsicker LG, Bain RP, Rohde RD. The effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy. The Collaborative Study Group. N Engl J Med 1993;329:1456-62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis EJ, Hunsicker LG, Clarke WR, et al. Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2001;345:851-60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parving HH, Lehnert H, Brochner-Mortensen J, et al. The effect of irbesartan on the development of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2001;345:870-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rossing P, Hommel E, Smidt UM, Parving HH. Reduction in albuminuria predicts a beneficial effect on diminishing the progression of human diabetic nephropathy during antihypertensive treatment. Diabetologia 1994;37:511-16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambers Heerspink HJ, Brinkman JW, Bakker SJ, et al. Update on microalbuminuria as a biomarker in renal and cardiovascular disease. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2006;15:631-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Staessen J, Lijnen P, Fagard R, et al. Rise in plasma concentration of aldosterone during long-term angiotensin II suppression. J Endocrinol 1981;91:457-65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schjoedt KJ, Andersen S, Rossing P, et al. Aldosterone escape during blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in diabetic nephropathy is associated with enhanced decline in glomerular filtration rate. Diabetologia 2004;47:1936-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horita Y, Taura K, Taguchi T, et al. Aldosterone breakthrough during therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers in proteinuric patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy. Nephrology 2006;11:462-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feria I, Pichard I, Juarez P, et al. Therapeutic benefit of spironolactone in experimental cyclosporine A nephrotoxicity. Kidney Int 2003;63:43-52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trachtman H, Weiser AC, Valderrama E, et al. Prevention of renal fibrosis by spironolactone in micewith complete unilateral ureteral obstruction. J Urol 2004;172(4 Pt 2):1590-4
   Google Scholar
• Fujisawa G, Okada K, Muto S, et al. Spironolactone prevents early renal injury in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. Kidney Int 2004;66:1493-502
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang YS, Ko GJ, Lee MH, et al. Effect of eplerenone,enalapril and their combination treatment on diabetic nephropathy in type II diabetic rats. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009;24:73-84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato A, Hayashi K, Naruse M, Saruta T. Effectiveness of aldosterone blockade in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Hypertension 2003;41:64-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campese VM, Park J. Use of antagonists of aldosterone in patients with chronic kidney disease: potential advantages and risks. Hypertension 2006;24:2157-9
   Google Scholar
• Epstein M, Williams GH, Weinberger M, et al. Selective aldosterone blockade with eplerenone reduces albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2006;1:940-51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epstein M. Aldosterone as a mediator of progressive renal disease: pathogenetic and clinical implications. Am J Kidney Dis 2001;37:677-88
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schjoedt KJ. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and its blockade in diabetic nephropathy: main focus on the role of aldosterone. Dan Med Bull 2011;58:B4265
   Google Scholar
• Pepine CJ, Handberg EM, Cooper-Dehoff RM, et al. INVEST Investigators. A calcium antagonist vs a non-calcium antagonist hypertension treatment strategy for patients with coronary heart disease. The International Verapamil-Trandolapril Study (INVEST): a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2003;290:2805-16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devereux RB, de Faire U, Fyhrquist F, et al. Blood pressure reduction and antihypertensive medication use in the losartan intervention for endpoint reduction in hypertension (LIFE) study in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. Curr Med Res Opin 2007;23:259-70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jamerson K, Bakris GL, Dahlof B, et al. ACCOMPLISH Investigators. Exceptional early blood pressure control rates: the ACCOMPLISH trial. Blood Press 2007;16:80-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancia G, Laurent S, Agabiti-Rosei E, et al. Reappraisal of European Guidelines on hypertension management: a European Task Force document. J Hypertens 2009;27:2121-58
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright RF, Duprez D, Purkayasha D, et al. Combination of angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)/calcium channel blocker with HCTZ vs the maximal recommended dose of an ARB with HCTZ in patients with stage 2 hypertension: the exforge as compared to losartan treatment in stage 2 systolic hypertension (EXALT) study. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2011;13:588-97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laffer CI, Elijovich F. A critical appraisal of the clinical effectiveness of a fixed combination of valsartan, amlodipine and hydrochlorothiazide in achieving blood pressure goals. Integr Blood Press Control 2011;4:1-5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chrysant SG, Izzo JL Jr, Kereiakes DJ, et al. Efficacy and safety of triple combination therapy with olmesartan, amlodipine and hydrochlorothiazide in study participants with hypertension and diabetes: a subpopulation analysis of the TRINITY study. J Am Soc Hypertens 2012;6:132-41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tedesco MA, Natale F, Calabro R. Effects of monotherapy and combination therapy on blood pressure control and target organ damage: a randomized prospective intervention study in a large population of hypertensive patients. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2006;8:634-41
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fogari R, Zoppi A, Mugellini A, et al. Effects of valsartan or ramipril addition to amlodipine/hydrochlorothiazide combination on left ventricular mass in diabetic hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. Expert Opin Parmacother 2012;13:1091-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mantero F, Lucarelli G. Aldosterone antagonists in hypertension and heart failure. Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2000;61:52-60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansson L, Hedner T, Dahlof B. Prospective randomized open blinded end-point (PROBE) study. A novel design for intervention trials. Prospective Randomized Open Blinded End-Point. Blood Press 1992;1:113-19
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Parati G, Bosi S, Castellano M, et al. Guidelines for 24 h non-invasive ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Report from a working group of the Italian Society of Hypertension. High Blood Press 1995;4:168-74
   Google Scholar
• Christ M, Ludwig N, Maisch B. Value of aldosterone receptor blockade in diuretic therapy of patients with chronic heart failure. Herz 2002;27:135-49
   Google Scholar
• Brown NJ, Nakamura S, Ma L, et al. Aldosterone modulates plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and glomerulosclerosis in vivo. Kidney Int 2000;58:1219-27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calò LA, Zaghetto F, Pagnin E, et al. Effect of aldosterone and glycyrrhetinic acid on the protein expression of PAI-1 and p22(phox) in human mononuclear leukocytes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:1973-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stier C Jr, Zuckerman A, Harashima H, et al. Antioxidants reduce aldosterone-induced renal vascular injury in stroke-prone SHR (Abstract). J Am Soc Nephrol 1999;10:400A
   Google Scholar
• Sun Y, Zhang J, Zhang JQ, Ramires FJ. Local angiotensin II and transforming growth factor beta1 in renal fibrosis in rats. Hypertension 2000;35:1078-84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schiffrin EL, Franks DJ, Gutkowska J. Effect of aldosterone on vascular angiotensin II receptors in the rat. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1985;63:1522-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ullian ME, Schelling JR, Linas SL. Aldosterone enhances angiotensin II receptor binding and inositol phosphate responses. Hypertension 1992;20:67-73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber MA, Purdy RE. Catecholamine-mediated constrictor effects of aldosterone on vascular smooth muscle. Life Sci 1982;30:2009-17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rossing K, Schjoedt KJ, Smidt UM, et al. Beneficial effects of adding spironolactone to recommended antihypertensive treatment in diabetic nephropathy: a randomized, double-masked, cross-over study. Diabetes Care 2005;28:2106-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armanini D, Fiore C. Choice of diuretic therapy and reconsideration for aldosterone receptors blockers. Hypertension 2010;55:e5
   Google Scholar