Advanced search
Publication Cover
Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy Volume 5, 2004 - Issue 8
Submit an article Journal homepage
340
Views
12
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Advancements in the battle against severe acute respiratory syndrome

David SC Hui The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
&
Gary WK Wong The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
Pages 1687-1693 | Published online: 25 Feb 2005

Bibliography

  • LEE N, HUI DS, WU A et al: A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. N Engl. I Med. (2003) 348:1986–1994.
  • ••A detailed clinical description of a largecohort of affected patients.
  • HSU LY, LEE CC, GREEN JA et al.: Severe acute respiratory syndrome in Singapore: clinical features of index patient and initial contacts. Emerg. Infect. Dis. (2003) 9:713–717.
  • BOOTH CM, MATUKAS LM, TOMLINSON GA et al.: Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area. JAMA (2003) 289:2801–2809.
  • TWU SJ, CHEN TJ, CHEN CJ et al.: Control measures for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Taiwan. Emerg. Infect. Dis. (2003) 9:718–720.
  • PEIRIS JS, LAI ST, POON LL et al.: Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Lancet (2003) 361:1319–1325.
  • KUIKEN T, FOUCHIER RA, SCHUTTEN M etal.: Newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Lancet (2003) 362:263–270.
  • DROSTEN C, GUNTHER S, PREISER Wet al.: Identification of a novel Coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome. N Engl. I Merl (2003) 348:1967–1976.
  • KSIAZEK TG, ERDMAN D, GOLDSMITH CS et al: A Novel Coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome. N Engl. I Med. (2003) 348:1953–1966.
  • FOUCHIER RA, KUIKEN T, SCHUTTEN M et al.: Aetiology: Koch's postulates fulfilled for SARS virus. Nature (2003) 423:240.
  • ROTA PA, OBERSTE MS, MONROE SS etal.: Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome. Science (2003) 300:1394–1399.
  • MARRA MA, JONES SJ, ASTELL CR etal.: The genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus. Science (2003) 300:1399–1404.
  • RUAN YJ, WET CL, EE LA etal.: Comparative full-length genome sequence analysis of 14 SARS coronavirus isolates and common mutations associated with putative origins of infection. Lancet (2003) 361:1779–1785.
  • ZHAO Z, ZHANG F, XU M et al: Description and clinical treatment of an early outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangzhou, PR China. I Med. Microbiol (2003) 52:715–720.
  • XU RH, HE JF, EVANS MR et al.: Epidemiologic clues to SARS origin in China. Emerg. Infect. Dis. (2004) 10:1030–1037.
  • ZHONG NS, ZHENG BJ, LI YM et al: Epidemiology and cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Guangdong, People's Republic of China, in Feb 2003. Lancet (2003) 362:1353–1358.
  • GUAN Y, ZHENG BJ, HE YQ et al: Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China. Science (2003) 302:276–278.
  • THE CHINESE SARS MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY CONSORTIUM: Molecular Evolution of the SARS coronavirus during the course of the SARS epidemic in China. Science (2004)303:1666–1669.
  • TSANG KW, HO PL, OOI GC et al: A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. N Engl. I Med. (2003) 348:1977–1985.
  • PEIRIS JS, YUEN KY, OSTERHAUS ADet al.: The severe acute respiratory syndrome. N Engl. I Med. (2003) 349:2431–2441.
  • WONG RS, HUI DS: Index patient and SARS outbreak in Hong Kong. Emerg. Infect. Dis. (2004) 10:339–341.
  • LOON SC, TEOH SC, OON LL et al: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in tears. Br. Oplithalmol. (2004)88:861–863.
  • YU IT, LI Y, WONG TW et al.: Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus. N Engl. I Med. (2004) 350:1731–1739.
  • NG SK: Possible role of an animal vector in the SARS outbreak at Amoy Gardens. Lancet (2003) 362:570–572.
  • LEE SH: The SARS epidemic in Hong Kong. I Epidemiol. Community Health (2003) 57:652–654.
  • DONNELLY CA, GHANI AV, LEUNG GM et al.: Epidemiological determinants of spread of causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. Lancet (2003) 361:1761–1766.
  • HUI DS, WONG PC, WANG C: Severe acute respiratory syndrome: clinical features and diagnosis. Respirology (2003) 8:S20–S24.
  • PEIRIS JS, CHU CM, CHENG VC et al: Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study. Lancet (2003) 361:1767–1772.
  • •A prospective study of the clinical progression and viral load of a large group of patients.
  • LEUNG WK, ID KF, CHAN PK et al.: Enteric involvement of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection. Gastroenterology (2003) 125:1011–1017.
  • HUNG EC, CHIM SS, CHAN PK et al:Detection of SARS coronavirus RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome. Clin. Chem. (2003) 49:2108–2109.
  • LAU KK, YU WC, CHU CM et al: Possible central nervous system infection by SARS coronavirus. Emerg. Infect. Dis. (2004) 10:342–344.
  • WONG KC, LEUNG KS, HUI M: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in a geriatric patient with a hip fracture. A case report. Bone John. Surg. (2003) 85A:1339–1342.
  • FISHER DA, LIM TK, LIM YT et al.: Atypical presentations of SARS. Lancet (2003) 361:1740.
  • HON KL, LEUNG CW, CHENG WT et al.: Clinical presentations and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome in children. Lancet (2003) 561:1701–1703.
  • SIT SC, YAU EKC, LAM YY et al: A young infant with severe acute respiratory syndrome. Pediatrics (2003) 112:e257–e260.
  • BITNUN A, ALLEN U, HEURTER H et al.: Children hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome-related illness in Toronto. Pediatrics (2003) 112:e261–e268.
  • CHIU WK, CHEUNG PC, NG KL et al.: Severe acute respiratory syndrome in children: Experience in a regional hospital in Hong Kong. Pediati: Grit. Care. Med. (2003) 4:279–283.
  • HUI DS, SUNG JJ: Severe acute respiratory syndrome. Chest (2003) 124:12–15.
  • WONG GW, HUI DS: Severe acute respiratory syndrome: epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. Thorax (2003) 58:558–560.
  • WONG RS, WU A, TO KF et aL: Haematological manifestations in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: retrospective analysis. Br. Med. J. (2003) 326:1358–1362.
  • CHEN X, ZHOU B, LI M et al.: Serologyof severe acute respiratory syndrome: implications for surveillance and outcome. J. Infect. Dis. (2004) 189:1158–1163.
  • WONG KT, ANTONIO GE, HUI DS et al.: Severe acute respiratory syndrome: radiographic appearances and pattern of progression in 138 Patients. Radiology (2003) 228:401–406.
  • GOMERSALL CD, JOYNT GM, LAM P et al.: Short-term outcome of critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome. Intensive Care Med. (2004) 30:381–387.
  • WONG KT, ANTONIO GE, HUI DS et al.: Thin section CT of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: Evaluation of 73 patients exposed to or with the disease. Radiology (2003) 228:395–400.
  • POON LL, CHAN KH, WONG OK et al: Early diagnosis of SARS coronavirus infection by real time RT-PCR. I Clin. Virol. (2003) 28:233–238.
  • NG EK, HUI DS, CHAN KC et al: Quantitative analysis and prognostic implication of SARS coronavirus in the plasma and serum of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome. Clin. Chem. (2003) 49:1976–1980.
  • NG EK, NG PC, HON KL et al: Serial analysis of the plasma concentration of SARS coronavirus RNA in pediatric patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome. Gin. Chem. (2003) 49:2085–2088.
  • GRANT PR, GARSON JA, TEDDAR RS et al.: Detection of SARS coronavirus in plasma by real-time RT-PCR. N Engl Med. (2003) 349:2468–2469.
  • CINATL J, MORGENSTERN, BAUER G et al.: Glycyrrhizin, an active component of liquorice roots, and replication of SARS-associated coronavirus. Lancet (2003) 361:2045–2046.
  • TAN EL, OOI EE, LIN CY et al: Inhibition of SARS coronavirus infection in vitro with clinically approved antiviral drugs. Emerg. Infect. Dis. (2004) 10:581–586.
  • STROHER U, DICARO A, LI Y et al.: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related coronavirus is inhibited by interferon-a. J. Infect. Dis. (2004) 189:1164–1167.
  • SUNG JJ, WU A, JOYNT GM et al: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: report of treatment and outcome after a major outbreak. Thorax (2004) 59:414–420.
  • ANAND K, ZIEBUHRJ, WADHWANI P et al.: Coronavirus main proteinase (3C1pro) structure: basis for design of anti-SARS drugs. Science (2003) 300: 1763-1767.
  • CHU CM, CHENG VC, HUNG IF et al: Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings. Thorax (2004) 59:252–256.
  • •A retrospective study suggesting that the combination of LPV/r could be effective in the management of SARS.
  • CHAN KS, LAI ST, CHU CM et al: Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome with lopinavir/ritonavir: a multicenter retrospective matched cohort study. Hong Kong Med. J. (2003) 9:399–406.
  • HURST M, FAULDS D. Lopinavir. Drugs (2000) 60:1371–1381.
  • CINATL J, MORGENSTERN B, BAUER G et al.: Treatment of SARS with human interferons. Lancet (2003) 362:293–294.
  • HENSLEY LE, FRITZ EA, JAHRLING PBet al.: Interferon-P la and SARS coronavirus replication. Emerg. Infect. Dis. (2004) 10:317–319.
  • HAAGMANS BL, KUIKEN T, MARTINA BE et al.: Pegylated interferon-a protects Type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques. Nat. Med. (2004) 10:290–293.
  • LOUTFY MR, BLATT LM, SIMINOVITCH KA et al.: Interferon Alfacon-1 plus corticosteroids in severe acute respiratory syndrome. A preliminary study. JAMA (2003) 290:3222–3228.
  • LI W, MOORE MJ, VASILIEVA N et al: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus. Nature (2003) 426:450–454.
  • SUI, J, LI W, MURAKAMI A et al.: Potent neutralization of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus by a human mAb to 51 protein that blocks receptor association. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sri. (2004) 101:2536–2541.
  • GAO W, TAMIN A, SOLOFF A et al: Effects of a SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in monkeys. Lancet (2003) 362:1895–1896.
  • ZHAO P, KE JS, QIN ZL et al: DNA vaccine of SARS-CoV S gene induces antibody response in mice. Acta Biochim Biophys. SM. (2004) 36:37–41.
  • YANG ZY, KONG WP, HUANG Y et al.: A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice. Nature (2004) 428:561–564.
  • HO TY, WU SL, CHENG SE et al: Antigenicity and receptor-binding ability of recombinant SARS coronavirus spike protein. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (2004) 313:938–947.
  • BISHT H, ROBERTS A, VOGEL L et al: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein expressed by attenuated vaccinia virus protectively immunizes mice. Proc. Natl. Acad Sri. (2004) 101:6641–6646.
  • CHOY WY, UN SG, CHAN PK et al.: Synthetic peptide studies on the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus spike glycoprotein: perspective for SARS vaccine development. Clin. Chem. (2004) 50:1036–1042.
  • BOSCH BJ, MARTINA BE, VAN DER ZEE R et al.: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection inhibition using spike protein heptad repeat-derived peptides. Proc. Nati Acad. Sci. (2004) 101:8455–8460.
  • HO JC, OOI GC, MOK TY et al.: High dose pulse versus non-pulse corticosteroid regimens in severe acute respiratory syndrome. Am. I Respir. Grit. Care Med. (2003) 168:1449–1456.
  • WONG CK, LAM CWK, WU AK et al.: Plasma inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome. Clin. Exp. Immunol (2004) 136:95–103.
  • TSANG OT, CHAU TN, CHOI KW et al:Coronavirus-positive nasopharyngeal aspirate as predictor for severe acute respiratory syndrome mortality. Emerg. Infect. Dis. (2003) 9:1381–1387.
  • WANG H, DINGY, LI X et al.: Fatal aspergillosis in a patient with SARS who was treated with corticosteroids. N Engl. Med. (2003) 349:507–508.
  • HONG N, DU XK: Avascular necrosis of bone in severe acute respiratory syndrome. Clin. Radial. (2004) 59:602–608.
  • GOMERSALL CD, KARGEL MJ, LAPINSKY SE: Pro/con clinical debate: Steroids are a key component in the treatment of SARS. Grit. Care (2004) 8:105–107.
  • PEARSON H, CLARKE T, ABBOTT A et al.: SARS: what have we learned? Nature (2003) 424:121–126.
  • WONG VW, DAI D, VVU AK et al.: Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome with convalescent plasma. Hong Kong Med. (2003) 9:199–201.
  • LU A, ZHANG H, ZHANG X et al.: Attenuation of SARS coronavirus by a short hairpin RNA expression plasmid targeting RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Virology (2004) 324:84–89.

Websites

  • http://www.whoint/csr/sars/country/table20 03_09_23/en WHO: Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 November to 31 July 2003.
  • http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/sars/guidance/B/ pdf/b.pdf CDC: Public health guidance for community-level preparedness and response to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) version 2. Suppl. B: SARS surveillance. Appendix Bl: Revised CSTE SARS surveillance case definition.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.