Advanced search
Publication Cover
Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy Volume 8, 2008 - Issue 10
Submit an article Journal homepage
272
Views
21
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reviews

Cytokine therapy in cancer

Kim Margolin City of Hope National Medical Center, Division of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91001, USA +1 626 256 4673, ext. 62961; +1 626 301 8898; [email protected]
, MD
Pages 1495-1505 | Published online: 07 Sep 2008

Bibliography

  • Mocellin S, Wang E, Marincola FM. Cytokines and immune response in the tumor microenvironment. J Immunother 2001;24:392-407
  • Margolin K, Clark J. Interleukin-2 and cancer therapy. In: Caligiuri MA, editor, Cancer drug discovery and development: cytokines in the genesis and treatment of cancer. Totowa: Humana Press. Inc; 2007. p. 307-16
  • Atkins MB, Lotze MT, Dutcher JP, et al. High-dose recombinant Interleukin 2 therapy for patients with metastatic melanoma: analysis of 270 patients treated between 1985 and 1993. J Clin Oncol 1999;17:2105-16
  • Fyfe G, Fisher RI, Rosenberg SA, et al. Results of treatment of 255 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who received high-dose recombinant Interleukin-2 therapy. J Clin Oncol 1995;13:688-96
  • Petrulio CA, Kim-Schulze S, Kaufman HL. The tumour microenvironment and implications for cancer immunotherapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2006;6:671-84
  • Zorn E, Nelson EA, Mohseni M, et al. IL-2 regulates FOXP3 expression in human CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells through a STAT-dependent mechanism and induces the expansion of these cells in vivo. Blood 2006;108:1571-9
  • Waldmann TA. The biology of Interleukin-2 and Interleukin-15: implications for cancer therapy and vaccine design. Nat Rev Immunol 2006;6:595-601
  • Knutson KL, Dang Y, Lu H, et al. IL-2 immunotoxin therapy modulates tumor-associated regulatory T cells and leads to lasting immune-mediated rejection of breast cancers in neu-transgenic mice. J Immunol 2006;177:84-91
  • Nagahama, K, Nishimura E, Sakaguchi S. Induction of tolerance by adoptive transfer of Treg cells. Methods Mol Biol 2007;380:431-42
  • Wang J, Jensen M, Linl Y, et al. Optimizing adoptive polyclonal T cell immunotherapy of lymphomas, using a chimeric T cell receptor possessing CD28 and CD137 costimulatory domains. Hum Gene Ther 2007;18:712-25
  • Ahmadzadeh M, Rosenberg SA. Interleukin-2 administration increases CD4+ CD25(hi) Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in cancer patients. Blood 2006;107:2409-14
  • Cesana GC, DeRaffele G, Cohen S, et al. Characterization of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in patients treated with high-dose Interleukin-2 for metastatic melanoma or renal cell carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:1169-77
  • Panelli MC, Wang E, Phan G, et al. Gene-expression profiling of the response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and melanoma metastases to systemic IL-2 administration. Genome Biol 2002;3:RESEARCH0035. Published online 25 June 2002, doi:10.1186/gb-2002-3-7-research0035
  • Panelli MC, White R, Foster, M, et al. Forecasting the cytokine storm following systemic interleukin (IL)-2 administration. J Transl Med 2004;2:17. Published online 2 June 2004, doi:10.1186/1479-5876-2-17
  • Atkins MM, Regan D, McDermott J, et al. Carbonic anhydrase IX expression predicts outcome of IL 2 therapy for renal cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2007;12:215-22
  • Schwarzberg T, Regan MM, Liu V, et al. Retrospective analysis of Interleukin-2 therapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who had received prior antiangiogenic therapy. J Immunother 2007;30:877-88
  • Powell DJ Jr, Dudley ME, Hogan, KA, et al. Adoptive transfer of vaccine-induced peripheral blood mononuclear cells to patients with metastatic melanoma following lymphodepletion. J Immunol 2006;177:6527-39
  • Ives NJ, Stowe RL, Lorigan P, Wheatley K. Chemotherapy compared with biochemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic melanoma: a meta-analysis of 18 trials involving 2,621 patients. J Clin Oncol 2007;25:5426-34
  • Stein AS, O'Donnell MR, Slovak ML, et al. Interleukin-2 after autologous stem-cell transplantation for adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission. J Clin Oncol 2003;21:615-23
  • Blaise D, Attal M, Reiffers J, et al. Randomized study of recombinant interleukin-2 after autologous bone marrow transplantation for acute leukemia in first complete remission. Eur Cytokine Netw 2000;11:91-8
  • Thompson JA, Fisher RI, Leblanc M, et al. Total body irradiation, etoposide, cyclophosphamide and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation followed by randomization to therapy with Interleukin-2 versus observation for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: results of a phase III randomized trial by the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG 9438). Blood 2008;111:4048-54
  • Dudley ME, Rosenberg SA. Adoptive cell transfer therapy. Semin Oncol 2007;34:524-31
  • Morgan RA, Dudley ME, Wunderlich JR, et al. Cancer regression in patients after transfer of genetically engineered lymphocytes. Science 2006;314:126-9
  • Khan KD, Emmanouilides C, Benson DM Jr, et al. A phase 2 study of rituximab in combination with recombinant Interleukin-2 for rituximab-refractory indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res 2006;12:7046-53
  • Sosman JA, Weiss GR, Margolin KA, et al. Phase IB clinical trial of anti-CD3 followed by high-dose bolus interleukin-2 in patients with metastatic melanoma and advanced renal cell carcinoma: clinical and immunologic effects. J Clin Oncol 1993;11:1496-505
  • Yang JC, Topalian SL, Schwartzentruber DJ, et al. The use of polyethylene glycol-modified interleukin-2 (PEG-IL-2) in the treatment of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma and melanoma. A phase I study and a randomized prospective study comparing IL-2 alone versus IL-2 combined with PEG-IL-2. Cancer 1995;76:687-94
  • Melder RJ, Osborn BL, Riccobene T, et al. Pharmacokinetics and in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor response of an interleukin-2-human serum albumin fusion protein in mice. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2005;54:535-47
  • Margolin K, Atkins MB, Dutcher JP, et al. Phase I trial of BAY 50-4798, an interleukin-2-specific agonist in advanced melanoma and renal cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2007;13:3312-9
  • Shanafelt AB, Lin Y, Shanafelt MC, et al. A T-cell-selective IL 2 mutein exhibits potent antitumor activity and is well tolerated in vivo. Nat Biotechnol 2000;18:1197-202
  • Hu P, Mizokami M, Ruoff G, et al. Generation of low-toxicity interleukin-2 fusion proteins devoid of vasopermeability activity. Blood 2003;101:4853-61
  • Lode HN, Xiang R, Becker JC, et al. Immunocytokines: a promising approach to cancer immunotherapy. Pharmacol Ther 1998;80:277-92
  • Rasku MA, Clem AL, Telang S, et al. Transient T cell depletion causes regression of melanoma metastases. J Transl Med 2008;6:12. Published online 11 March 2008, doi:10.1186/1479-5876-6-12
  • Puri RK, Siegel JP. Interleukin-4 and cancer therapy. Cancer Invest 1993;11:473-86
  • Wang IM, Lin H, Goldman SJ, Kobayashi M. STAT-1 is activated by IL-4 and IL-13 in multiple cell types. Mol Immunol 2004;41:873-84
  • Tepper RI, Pattengale PK, Leder P. Murine interleukin-4 displays potent anti-tumor activity in vivo. Cell 1989;57:503-12
  • Jinushi M, Hodi FS, Dranoff G. Enhancing the clinical activity of granulocyte-machrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor cell vaccines. Immunol Rev 2008;222:287-98
  • Atkins MB, Vachino G, Tilg HJ, et al. Phase I evaluation of thrice-daily intravenous bolus interleukin-4 in patients with refractory malignancy. J Clin Oncol 1992;10:1802-9
  • Trehu EG, Isner JM, Mier JW, et al. Possible myocardial toxicity associated with interleukin-4 therapy. J Immunother Emphasis Tumor Immunol 1993;14:348-51
  • Rubin, JT, Lotze MT. Acute gastric mucosal injury associated with the systemic administration of interleukin-4. Surgery 1992;111:274-80
  • Margolin K, Aronson FR, Sznol M, et al. Phase II studies of recombinant human interleukin-4 in advanced renal cancer and malignant melanoma. J Immunother Emphasis Tumor Immunol 1994;15:147-53
  • Stadler WM, Rybak ME, Vogelzang NJ. A phase II study of subcutaneous recombinant human interleukin-4 in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Cancer 1995;76:1629-33
  • Whitehead RP, Unger JM, Goodwin JW, et al. Phase II trial of recombinant human interleukin-4 in patients with disseminated malignant melanoma: a Southwest Oncology Group study. J Immunother 1998;21:440-6
  • Jarnjak-Jankovic S, Hammerstad H, Saeboe-Larssen S, et al. A full scale comparative study of methods for generation of functional dendritic cells for use as cancer vaccines. BMC Cancer 2007;7:119. Published online 3 July 2007, doi:10.1186/1471-2407-7-119
  • Hebenstreit D, Wirnsberger G, Horejs-Hoeck J, et al. Signaling mechanisms, interaction partners, and target genes of STAT6. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2006;17:173-88
  • Goxe B, Latour N, Chokri M, et al. Simplified method to generate large quantities of dendritic cells suitable for clinical applications. Immunol Invest 2000;29:319-36
  • Jarboe JS, Johnson KR, Choi Y, et al. Expression of Interleukin-13 receptor α2 in glioblastoma multiforme: implications for targeted therapies. Cancer Res 2007;67:7983-6
  • Kahlon KS, Brown C, Cooper LJ, et al. Specific recognition and killing of glioblastoma multiforme by interleukin 13-zetakine redirected cytolytic T cells. Cancer Res 2004;64:9160-6
  • Hong DS, Angelo LS, Kurzrock R. Interleukin-6 and its receptor in cancer: implications for translational therapeutics. Cancer 2007;110:1911-28
  • Grivennikov S Karin M. Autocrine IL-6 signaling: a key event in tumorigenesis? Cancer Cell 2008;13:7-9
  • Blay JY, Negrier S, Combaret V, et al. Serum level of interleukin 6 as a prognosis factor in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Res 1992;52:3317-22
  • Blay JY, Rossi JF, Wijdenes J, et al. Role of interleukin-6 in the paraneoplastic inflammatory syndrome associated with renal-cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer 1997;72:424-30
  • Giuliani, N, Colla S, Rizzoli V. Update on the pathogenesis of osteolysis in multiple myeloma patients. Acta Biomed 2004;75:143-52
  • Kaser A, Brandacher G, Steurer W, et al. Interleukin-6 stimulates thrombopoiesis through thrombopoietin: role in inflammatory thrombocytosis. Blood 2001;98:2720-5
  • Rose-John S, Weatzig GH, Scheller J, et al. The IL-6/sIL-6R complex as a novel target for therapeutic approaches. Expert Opin Ther Agents 2007;11:613-24
  • Sosman JA, Aronson FR, Sznol M, et al. Concurrent phase I trials of intravenous interleukin 6 in solid tumor patients: reversible dose-limiting neurological toxicity. Clin Cancer Res 1997;3:39-46
  • Weiss GR, Margolin KA, Sznol M, et al. A phase II study of the continuous intravenous infusion of Interleukin-6 for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J Immunother Emphasis Tumor Immunol 1995;18:52-6
  • Lazarus HM, Winton EF, Williams SF, et al. Phase I multicenter trial of interleukin 6 therapy after autologous bone marrow transplantation in advanced breast cancer. Bone Marrow Transplant 1995;15:935-42
  • Veldhuis GJ, Willemse PH, Sleijfer DT, et al. Toxicity and efficacy of escalating dosages of recombinant human interleukin-6 after chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer or non small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 1995;13:2585-93
  • Trikha M, Corringham R, Klein B, Rossi JF. Targeted anti-interleukin-6 monoclonal antibody therapy for cancer: a review of the rationale and clinical evidence. Clin Cancer Res 2003;9:4653-65
  • Fry TJ, MacKall CL. Promising γ-chain cytokines for cancer immunotherapy. In: Disis ML, editor, Cancer drug discovery and development: immunotherapy of cancer. Totowa: Humana Press, Inc.; 2006. p. 397-414
  • Fry TJ, Mackall CL. The many faces of IL-7: from lymphopoiesis to peripheral T cell maintenance. J Immunol 2005;174:6571-6
  • Rosenberg SA, Sportes C, Ahmadzadehet M, et al. IL-7 administration to humans leads to expansion of CD8+ and CD4+ cells but a relative decrease of CD4+ T-regulatory cells. J Immunother 2006;29:313-9
  • Zou JP, Yamamoto N, Fujii T, et al. Systemic administration of rIL-12 induces complete tumor regression and protective immunity: response is correlated with a striking reversal of suppressed IFN-γ production by anti-tumor T cells. Int Immunol 1995;7:1135-45
  • Del Vecchio, M, Bajetta E, Canova S, et al. Interleukin-12: Biological properties and clinical application. Clin Cancer Res 2007;13:4677-85
  • Yue FY, Dummer R, Geertsen R, et al. Interleukin-10 production by human carcinoma cell lines and its relationship to interleukin-6 expression. Int J Cancer 1993;55:96-101
  • Petersson M, Charo J, Salazar-Onfray F, et al. Constitutive IL-10 production accounts for the high NK sensitivity, low MHC class I expression, and poor transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP)-1/2 function in the prototype NK target YAC-1. J Immunol 1998;161:2099-105
  • Beissert S, Hosoi J, Grabbe S, et al. IL-10 inhibits tumor antigen presentation by epidermal antigen presenting cells. J Immunol 1995;154:1280-6
  • Medzhitov R. Recognition of microorganisms and activation of the immune response. Nature 2007;449:819-26
  • Bacon CM, McVicar DW, Ortaldo JR, et al. Interleukin 12 (IL-12) induces tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2 and TYK2; differential use of Janus family tyrosine kinases by IL-1 and IL-12. J Exp Med 1995a;181:399-404
  • Bacon CM, Petricoin EF 3rd, Ortaldo JR, et al. Interleukin 12 induces tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of STAT4 in human lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995b;92:7307-11
  • Jacobson NG, Szabo SJ, Weber-Nordt RM, et al. IL 12 signaling in T helper type 1 (Th1) cells involves tyrosine phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat)3 and Stat4. J Exp Med 1995;181:1755-62
  • Portielje, JE, Gratama JW, van Ojik HH, et al. IL-12: a promising adjuvant for cancer vaccination. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2003;52:133-44
  • Colombo MP, Trinchieri G. Interleukin-12 in antitumor immunity and immunotherapy. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2002;13:155-68
  • Leonard JP, Sherman ML, Fisher GL, et al. Effects of single-dose Interleukin-12 exposure on Interleukin-12–associated toxicity and interferon-γ production. Blood 1997;90:2541-8
  • Portielje JE, Cor A, Lamers HJ, et al. Repeated administrations of interleukin (IL)-12 are associated with persistently elevated plasma levels of IL-10 and declining IFN-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, Interleukin-6, and Interleukin-8 responses. Clin Cancer Res 2003;5:76-83
  • Hunter CA. New IL-12-family members: IL-23 and IL-27, cytokines with divergent functions. Nat Rev Immunol 2005;5:521-31
  • Lu J, Giuntoli RL2nd, Omiya R, et al. Interleukin 15 promotes antigen-independent in vitro expansion and long-term survival of antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Clin Cancer Res 2002;8:3877-84
  • Cooper MA, Bush JF, Fehniger TA, et al. In vivo evidence for a dependence on Interleukin 15 for survival of natural killer cells. Blood 2002;100:3633-8
  • Sato N, Patel HJ, Waldmann TA, Tagaya Y. The IL-15/IL-15Rα on cell surfaces enables sustained IL-15 activity and contributes to the long survival of CD8 memory T cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007;104:588-93
  • Tagaya Y, Bamford RN, DeFilippis AP, Waldmann TA. IL-15: a pleiotropic cytokine with diverse receptor/signaling pathways whose expression is controlled at multiple levels. Immunity 1996;4:329-36
  • Stoklasek TA, Schluns KS, Lefrançois L. Combined IL-15/IL-15Rα immunotherapy maximizes Interleukin-15 activity in vivo. J Immunol 2006;177:6072-80
  • Swain SL. Interleukin 18: tipping the balance towards a T helper cell 1 response. J Exp Med 2001;194:F11-4
  • Tsutsui H, Matsui K, Kawada N, et al. IL-18 accounts for both TNF-alpha- and Fas ligand-mediated hepatotoxic pathways in endotoxin-induced liver injury in mice. J Immunol 1997;159:3961-7
  • Son Y, Dallal RM, Mailliard RB, et al. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) synergizes with IL-2 to enhance cytotoxicity, interferon-γ production, and expansion of natural killer cells. Cancer Res 2001;61:884-8
  • Son Y, Dallal RM, Lotze MT. Combined treatment with interleukin-18 and low-dose interleukin-2 induced regression of a murine sarcoma and memory response. J Immunother 2003;25:234-40
  • Li Q, Car AL, Donald EJ, et al. Synergistic effects of IL-12 and IL-18 in skewing tumor-reactive T-Cell responses towards a type 1 pattern. Cancer Res 2005;65:1063-70
  • Robertson MJ, Mier JW, Logan T, et al. Clinical and biological effects of recombinant human interleukin-18 administered by intravenous infusion to patients with advanced cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2006;12:4265-73
  • Moroz A, Eppolito C, Li Q, et al. Interleukin-21 Enhances and sustains CD8+ T cell responses to achieve durable tumor immunity: Comparative evaluation of IL-2, IL-15, and IL-21. J Immunol 2004;173:900-8
  • Sivakumar PV, Foster DC, Clegg CH. Interleukin-21 is a T-helper cytokine that regulates humoral immunity and cell-mediated anti-tumour responses. Immunology 2004;112:177-82
  • Davis ID, Skak K, Smyth MJ, et al. Interleukin-21 signaling: functions in cancer and autoimmunity. Clin Cancer Res 2007;12:6926-31
  • He H, Wisner P, Yang G, et al. Combined IL-21 and low-dose IL-2 therapy induces anti-tumor immunity and long-term curative effects in a murine melanoma tumor model. J Transl Med 2006;4:24. Published online 13 June 2006, doi:10.1186/1479-5876-4-24
  • Strengell M, Matikainen S, Siren J, et al. IL-21 in synergy with IL-15 or IL-18 enhances IFN-γ production in human NK and T cells. J Immunol 2003;170:5454-69
  • Iuchi T, Teitz-Tennenbaum S, Huang J, et al. Interleukin-21 augments the efficacy of T-cell therapy by eliciting concurrent cellular and humoral responses. Cancer Res 2008;68:4431-41
  • Hinrichs CS, Spilski R, Paulos CM, et al. IL-2 and IL-21 confer opposing differentiation programs to CD8+ T cells for adoptive immunotherapy. Blood 2008;111:5326-33
  • Davis ID, Skrumsager BK, Cebon J. et al. An open-label, two-arm, Phase I trial of recombinant human interleukin-21 in patients with metastatic melanoma. Clin Cancer Res 2007;13:3630-6
  • Thompson JA, Curti BD, Redman BD, et al. Phase I study of recombinant interleukin-21 in patients with metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:2034-9
  • Cheever MA. Twelve immunotherapy drugs that could cure cancers. Immunol Rev 2008;222:357-68
  • Mandruzzato SA, Callegaro G, Turcatel S, et al. A gene expression signature associated with survival in metastatic melanoma. J Transl Med 2006;4:1-11

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.