289
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reviews

Emerging drugs for the treatment of transplant rejection

, &
Pages 683-695 | Published online: 24 Nov 2011

Bibliography

  • Wolfe RA, Ashby VB, Milford EL, Comparison of mortality in all patients on dialysis, patients on dialysis awaiting transplantation, and recipients of a first cadaveric transplant. N Engl J Med 1999;341:1725-30
  • Grassmann A, Gioberge S, Moeller S, ESRD patients in 2004: global overview of patient numbers, treatment modalities and associated trends. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2005;20:2587-93
  • Nankivell BJ, Alexander SI. Rejection of the kidney allograft. N Engl J Med 2010;363:1451-62
  • Hariharan S, Johnson CP, Bresnahan BA, Improved graft survival after renal transplantation in the United States, 1988 to 1996. N Engl J Med 2000;342:605-12
  • Kasiske BL, Zeier MG, Chapman JR, KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the care of kidney transplant recipients: a summary. Kidney Int 2010;77:299-311
  • Perico N, Remuzzi G. Prevention of transplant rejection: current treatment guidelines and future developments. Drugs 1997;54:533-70
  • Shapiro R, Young JB, Milford EL, Immunosuppression: evolution in practice and trends, 1993-2003. Am J Transplant 2005;5:874-86
  • Meier-Kriesche HU, Li S, Gruessner RW, Immunosuppression: evolution in practice and trends, 1994-2004. Am J Transplant 2006;6:1111-31
  • Nashan B. Antibody induction therapy in renal transplant patients receiving calcineurin-inhibitor immunosuppressive regimens: a comparative review. BioDrugs 2005;19:39-46
  • Cai J, Terasaki PI. Induction immunosuppression improves long-term graft and patient outcome in organ transplantation: an analysis of United Network for Organ Sharing registry data. Transplantation 2010;90(4):1511-5
  • Racusen LC, Solez K, Colvin RB, The Banff 97 working classification of renal allograft pathology. Kidney Int 1999;55:713-23
  • Solez K, Colvin RB, Racusen LC, Banff 07 classification of renal allograft pathology: updates and future directions. Am J Transplant 2008;8:753-60
  • Sis B, Mengel M, Haas M, Banff '09 meeting report: antibody mediated graft deterioration and implementation of Banff working groups. Am J Transplant 2010;10:464-71
  • Brown RS Jr, Higgins R, Pruett TL. The evolution and direction of OPTN oversight of live organ donation and transplantation in the United States. Am J Transplant 2009;9:31-4
  • Gaston RS, Danovitch GM, Adams PL, The report of a national conference on the wait list for kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant 2003;3:775-85
  • Magee JC, Barr ML, Basadonna GP, Repeat organ transplantation in the United States, 1996-2005. Am J Transplant 2007;7:1424-33
  • Li X, Ishida H, Yamaguchi Y, Poor graft outcome in recipients with de novo donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies after living related kidney transplantation. Transpl Int 2008;21:1145-52
  • Vo AA, Lukovsky M, Toyoda M, Rituximab and intravenous immune globulin for desensitization during renal transplantation. N Engl J Med 2008;359:242-51
  • Montgomery RA, Locke JE, King KE, ABO incompatible renal transplantation: a paradigm ready for broad implementation. Transplantation 2009;87:1246-55
  • Toki D, Ishida H, Setoguchi K, Acute antibody-mediated rejection in living ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation: long-term impact and risk factors. Am J Transplant 2009;9:567-77
  • Tobian AA, Shirey RS, Montgomery RA, ABO antibody titer and risk of antibody-mediated rejection in ABO-incompatible renal transplantation. Am J Transplant 2010;10:1247-53
  • Crespo M, Pascual M, Tolkoff-Rubin N, Acute humoral rejection in renal allograft recipients: I. Incidence, serology and clinical characteristics. Transplantation 2001;71:652-8
  • Rocha PN, Butterly DW, Greenberg A, Beneficial effect of plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin on renal allograft survival of patients with acute humoral rejection. Transplantation 2003;75:1490-5
  • Shah A, Nadasdy T, Arend L, Treatment of C4d-positive acute humoral rejection with plasmapheresis and rabbit polyclonal antithymocyte globulin. Transplantation 2004;77:1399-405
  • Tanabe K, Takahashi K, Sonda K, Long-term results of ABO-incompatible living kidney transplantation: a single-center experience. Transplantation 1998;65:224-8
  • Jordan SC, Vo A, Bunnapradist S, Intravenous immune globulin treatment inhibits crossmatch positivity and allows for successful transplantation of incompatible organs in living-donor and cadaver recipients. Transplantation 2003;76:631-6
  • Gloor JM, Lager DJ, Moore SB, ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation using both A2 and non-A2 living donors. Transplantation 2003;75:971-7
  • Montgomery RA, Zachary AA, Racusen LC, Plasmapheresis and intravenous immune globulin provides effective rescue therapy for refractory humoral rejection and allows kidneys to be successfully transplanted into cross-match-positive recipients. Transplantation 2000;70:887-95
  • Morath C, Beimler J, Opelz G, An integrative approach for the transplantation of high-risk sensitized patients. Transplantation 2010;90:645-53
  • Gray D, Shepherd H, Daar A, Oral versus intravenous high-dose steroid treatment of renal allograft rejection. The big shot or not? Lancet 1978;1:117-18
  • Vineyard GC, Fadem SZ, Dmochowski J, Evaluation of corticosteroid therapy for acute renal allograft rejection. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1974;138:225-9
  • Shinn C, Malhotra D, Chan L, Time course of response to pulse methylprednisolone therapy in renal transplant recipients with acute allograft rejection. Am J Kidney Dis 1999;34:304-7
  • Briggs D, Dudley C, Pattison J, Effects of immediate switch from cyclosporine microemulsion to tacrolimus at first acute rejection in renal allograft recipients. Transplantation 2003;75:2058-63
  • Thomas FT, Griesedieck C, Thomas J, Differential effects of horse ATG and rabbit ATG on T cell and T cell subset levels measured by monoclonal antibodies. Transplant Proc 1984;16:1561-3
  • Wramner L, Robbins DS, Kjellsson B, Blood lymphocyte subsets in ATG-treated and allografted rats. Transpl Int 1990;3:55-8
  • Michallet MC, Preville X, Flacher M, Functional antibodies to leukocyte adhesion molecules in antithymocyte globulins. Transplantation 2003;75:657-62
  • Preville X, Flacher M, LeMauff B, Mechanisms involved in antithymocyte globulin immunosuppressive activity in a nonhuman primate model. Transplantation 2001;71:460-8
  • Zand MS, Vo T, Huggins J, Polyclonal rabbit antithymocyte globulin triggers B-cell and plasma cell apoptosis by multiple pathways. Transplantation 2005;79:1507-15
  • Hardy MA, Nowygrod R, Elberg A, Use of ATG in treatment of steroid-resistant rejection. Transplantation 1980;29:162-4
  • Gaber AO, First MR, Tesi RJ, Results of the double-blind, randomized, multicenter, phase III clinical trial of Thymoglobulin versus Atgam in the treatment of acute graft rejection episodes after renal transplantation. Transplantation 1998;66:29-37
  • Bourdage JS, Hamlin DM. Comparative polyclonal antithymocyte globulin and antilymphocyte/antilymphoblast globulin anti-CD antigen analysis by flow cytometry. Transplantation 1995;59:1194-200
  • Lopez M, Clarkson MR, Albin M, A novel mechanism of action for anti-thymocyte globulin: induction of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006;17:2844-53
  • Feng X, Kajigaya S, Solomou EE, Rabbit ATG but not horse ATG promotes expansion of functional CD4+CD25highFOXP3+ regulatory T cells in vitro. Blood 2008;111:3675-83
  • Tanriover B, Chuang P, Fishbach B, Polyclonal antibody-induced serum sickness in renal transplant recipients: treatment with therapeutic plasma exchange. Transplantation 2005;80:279-81
  • Pham PT, Pham PM, Miller JM, Polyclonal antibody-induced serum sickness presenting as rapidly progressive descending paralysis. Transplantation 2007;83:1657
  • Schroeder TJ, First MR. Monoclonal antibodies in organ transplantation. Am J Kidney Dis 1994;23:138-47
  • Norman DJ. Mechanisms of action and overview of OKT3. Ther Drug Monit 1995;17:615-20
  • Ortho Multicenter Transplant Study Group. A randomized clinical trial of OKT3 monoclonal antibody for acute rejection of cadaveric renal transplants. N Engl J Med 1985;313:337-42
  • Norman DJ, Barry JM, Bennett WM, The use of OKT3 in cadaveric renal transplantation for rejection that is unresponsive to conventional anti-rejection therapy. Am J Kidney Dis 1988;11:90-3
  • Webster AC, Pankhurst T, Rinaldi F, Monoclonal and polyclonal antibody therapy for treating acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients: a systematic review of randomized trial data. Transplantation 2006;81:953-65
  • Jordan ML, Shapiro R, Vivas CA, FK506 “rescue” for resistant rejection of renal allografts under primary cyclosporine immunosuppression. Transplantation 1994;57:860-5
  • Woodle ES, Thistlethwaite JR, Gordon JH, A multicenter trial of FK506 (tacrolimus) therapy in refractory acute renal allograft rejection. A report of the Tacrolimus Kidney Transplantation Rescue Study Group. Transplantation 1996;62:594-9
  • Jordan ML, Naraghi R, Shapiro R, Tacrolimus rescue therapy for renal allograft rejection–five-year experience. Transplantation 1997;63:223-8
  • The Mycophenolate Mofetil Renal Refractory Rejection Study Group. Rescue therapy with mycophenolate mofetil. Clin Transplant 1996;10:131-5
  • Slaton JW, Kahan BD. Case report–sirolimus rescue therapy for refractory renal allograft rejection. Transplantation 1996;61:977-9
  • Luke PP, Scantlebury VP, Jordan ML, Reversal of steroid- and anti-lymphocyte antibody-resistant rejection using intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in renal transplant recipients. Transplantation 2001;72:419-22
  • Noyes WR, Rodriguez R, Knechtle SJ, Radiation therapy for renal transplant rejection refractory to pulse steroids and OKT3. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1996;34:1055-9
  • Chen LM, Godinez J, Thisted RA, New scoring system identifies kidney outcome with radiation therapy in acute renal allograft rejection. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000;46:999-1003
  • Jordan SC, Quartel AW, Czer LS, Posttransplant therapy using high-dose human immunoglobulin (intravenous gammaglobulin) to control acute humoral rejection in renal and cardiac allograft recipients and potential mechanism of action. Transplantation 1998;66:800-5
  • Kazatchkine MD, Kaveri SV. Immunomodulation of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases with intravenous immune globulin. N Engl J Med 2001;345:747-55
  • Nimmerjahn F, Ravetch JV. Anti-inflammatory actions of intravenous immunoglobulin. Annu Rev Immunol 2008;26:513-33
  • Tha-In T, Metselaar HJ, Tilanus HW, Intravenous immunoglobulins suppress T-cell priming by modulating the bidirectional interaction between dendritic cells and natural killer cells. Blood 2007;110:3253-62
  • Kaveri SV, Lacroix-Desmazes S, Bayry J. The antiinflammatory IgG. N Engl J Med 2008;359:307-9
  • Watanabe J, Scornik JC. IVIG and HLA antibodies. Evidence for inhibition of complement activation but not for anti-idiotypic activity. Am J Transplant 2005;5:2786-90
  • Arumugam TV, Tang SC, Lathia JD, Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) protects the brain against experimental stroke by preventing complement-mediated neuronal cell death. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007;104:14104-9
  • Basta M, Van Goor F, Luccioli S, F(ab)'2-mediated neutralization of C3a and C5a anaphylatoxins: a novel effector function of immunoglobulins. Nat Med 2003;9:431-8
  • Samuelsson A, Towers TL, Ravetch JV. Anti-inflammatory activity of IVIG mediated through the inhibitory Fc receptor. Science 2001;291:484-6
  • Baerenwaldt A, Biburger M, Nimmerjahn F. Mechanisms of action of intravenous immunoglobulins. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2010;6:425-34
  • Luke PP, Scantlebury VP, Jordan ML, IVIG rescue therapy in renal transplantation. Transplant Proc 2001;33:1093-4
  • Casadei DH, del CRM, Opelz G, A randomized and prospective study comparing treatment with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin with monoclonal antibodies for rescue of kidney grafts with steroid-resistant rejection. Transplantation 2001;71:53-8
  • White NB, Greenstein SM, Cantafio AW, Successful rescue therapy with plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin for acute humoral renal transplant rejection. Transplantation 2004;78:772-4
  • Lefaucheur C, Nochy D, Andrade J, Comparison of combination Plasmapheresis/IVIg/anti-CD20 versus high-dose IVIg in the treatment of antibody-mediated rejection. Am J Transplant 2009;9:1099-107
  • Takemoto SK, Zeevi A, Feng S, National conference to assess antibody-mediated rejection in solid organ transplantation. Am J Transplant 2004;4:1033-41
  • Billing H, Rieger S, Ovens J, Successful treatment of chronic antibody-mediated rejection with IVIG and rituximab in pediatric renal transplant recipients. Transplantation 2008;86:1214-21
  • Terasaki PI. Humoral theory of transplantation. Am J Transplant 2003;3:665-73
  • Einecke G, Sis B, Reeve J, Antibody-mediated microcirculation injury is the major cause of late kidney transplant failure. Am J Transplant 2009;9:2520-31
  • Xia MQ, Hale G, Lifely MR, Structure of the CAMPATH-1 antigen, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoprotein which is an exceptionally good target for complement lysis. Biochem J 1993;293:633-40
  • Brett S, Baxter G, Cooper H, Repopulation of blood lymphocyte sub-populations in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with the depleting humanized monoclonal antibody, CAMPATH-1H. Immunology 1996;88:13-19
  • Isaacs JD, Greer S, Sharma S, Morbidity and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis patients with prolonged and profound therapy-induced lymphopenia. Arthritis Rheum 2001;44:1998-2008
  • Lundin J, Kimby E, Bjorkholm M, Phase II trial of subcutaneous anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) as first-line treatment for patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Blood 2002;100:768-73
  • Lundin J, Osterborg A, Brittinger G, CAMPATH-1H monoclonal antibody in therapy for previously treated low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: a phase II multicenter study. European Study Group of CAMPATH-1H Treatment in Low-Grade Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 1998;16:3257-63
  • Reiff A. A review of Campath in autoimmune disease: biologic therapy in the gray zone between immunosuppression and immunoablation. Hematology (Am Soc Hematol Educ Program) 2005;10:79-93
  • Morris PJ, Russell NK. Alemtuzumab (Campath-1H): a systematic review in organ transplantation. Transplantation 2006;81:1361-7
  • Watson CJ, Bradley JA, Friend PJ, Alemtuzumab (CAMPATH 1H) induction therapy in cadaveric kidney transplantation–efficacy and safety at five years. Am J Transplant 2005;5:1347-53
  • Thomas PG, Ishihara K, Vaidya S, Campath and renal transplant rejection. Clin Transplant 2004;18:759-61
  • Friend PJ, Waldmann H, Hale G, Reversal of allograft rejection using the monoclonal antibody, Campath-1G. Transplant Proc 1991;23:2253-4
  • Basu A, Ramkumar M, Tan HP, Reversal of acute cellular rejection after renal transplantation with Campath-1H. Transplant Proc 2005;37:923-6
  • Csapo Z, Benavides-Viveros C, Podder H, Campath-1H as rescue therapy for the treatment of acute rejection in kidney transplant patients. Transplant Proc 2005;37:2032-6
  • Clatworthy MR, Friend PJ, Calne RY, Alemtuzumab (CAMPATH-1H) for the treatment of acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients: long-term follow-up. Transplantation 2009;87:1092-5
  • Peleg AY, Husain S, Kwak EJ, Opportunistic infections in 547 organ transplant recipients receiving alemtuzumab, a humanized monoclonal CD-52 antibody. Clin Infect Dis 2007;44:204-12
  • Hanaway MJ, Woodle ES, Mulgaonkar S, Alemtuzumab induction in renal transplantation. N Engl J Med 2011;364:1909-19
  • Goh HK, Lye WC. Biopsy-proven resolution of steroid-resistant acute rejection with basiliximab therapy in a renal allograft recipient. Transplant Proc 2001;33:3213-14
  • Oberholzer J, Triponez F, Martin PY, Daclizumab as escape therapy for late acute kidney rejection in the presence of FK506 nephrotoxicity. Transpl Int 2000;13:169-71
  • Reff ME, Carner K, Chambers KS, Depletion of B cells in vivo by a chimeric mouse human monoclonal antibody to CD20. Blood 1994;83:435-45
  • Edwards JC, Szczepanski L, Szechinski J, Efficacy of B-cell-targeted therapy with rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med 2004;350:2572-81
  • Stasi R, Cooper N, Del Poeta G, Analysis of regulatory T-cell changes in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura receiving B cell-depleting therapy with rituximab. Blood 2008;112:1147-50
  • Clynes RA, Towers TL, Presta LG, Inhibitory Fc receptors modulate in vivo cytotoxicity against tumor targets. Nat Med 2000;6:443-6
  • Weiner GJ. Rituximab: mechanism of action. Semin Hematol 2010;47:115-23
  • Genberg H, Hansson A, Wernerson A, Pharmacodynamics of rituximab in kidney transplantation. Transplantation 2007;84:S33-6
  • Vieira CA, Agarwal A, Book BK, Rituximab for reduction of anti-HLA antibodies in patients awaiting renal transplantation: 1. Safety, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics. Transplantation 2004;77:542-8
  • Sarwal M, Chua MS, Kambham N, Molecular heterogeneity in acute renal allograft rejection identified by DNA microarray profiling. N Engl J Med 2003;349:125-38
  • Becker YT, Becker BN, Pirsch JD, Rituximab as treatment for refractory kidney transplant rejection. Am J Transplant 2004;4:996-1001
  • Faguer S, Kamar N, Guilbeaud-Frugier C, Rituximab therapy for acute humoral rejection after kidney transplantation. Transplantation 2007;83:1277-80
  • Kaposztas Z, Podder H, Mauiyyedi S, Impact of rituximab therapy for treatment of acute humoral rejection. Clin Transplant 2009;23:63-73
  • Mulley WR, Hudson FJ, Tait BD, A single low-fixed dose of rituximab to salvage renal transplants from refractory antibody-mediated rejection. Transplantation 2009;87:286-9
  • Curran MP, McKeage K. Bortezomib: a review of its use in patients with multiple myeloma. Drugs 2009;69:859-88
  • Everly MJ, Everly JJ, Susskind B, Bortezomib provides effective therapy for antibody- and cell-mediated acute rejection. Transplantation 2008;86:1754-61
  • Flechner SM, Fatica R, Askar M, The role of proteasome inhibition with bortezomib in the treatment of antibody-mediated rejection after kidney-only or kidney-combined organ transplantation. Transplantation 2010;90:1486-92
  • Gerlach UA, Schoenemann C, Lachmann N, Salvage therapy for refractory rejection and persistence of donor-specific antibodies after intestinal transplantation using the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib. Transpl Int 2011;24:43-5
  • Perry DK, Burns JM, Pollinger HS, Proteasome inhibition causes apoptosis of normal human plasma cells preventing alloantibody production. Am J Transplant 2009;9:201-9
  • Trivedi HL, Terasaki PI, Feroz A, Abrogation of anti-HLA antibodies via proteasome inhibition. Transplantation 2009;87:1555-61
  • Vogelbacher R, Meister S, Guckel E, Bortezomib and sirolimus inhibit the chronic active antibody-mediated rejection in experimental renal transplantation in the rat. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010;25:3764-73
  • Leyva S, Marino LA, Alberu J, Bortezomib for acute humoral rejection treatment at the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran in Mexico City: an update. Clin Transpl 2010;369-82
  • Hardinger KL, Alford K, Murillo D. Bortezomib as rescue therapy for antibody mediated rejection: a single-center experience. Clin Transpl 2010;429-36
  • Shapiro R, Lunz J, Zeevi A, 1.7 year follow-up after bortezomib therapy for refractory antibody mediated rejection. Clin Transpl 2010;405-7
  • Sberro-Soussan R, Zuber J, Suberbielle-Boissel C, Bortezomib as the sole post-renal transplantation desensitization agent does not decrease donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies. Am J Transplant 2010;10:681-6
  • Williams JM, Holzknecht ZE, Plummer TB, Acute vascular rejection and accommodation: divergent outcomes of the humoral response to organ transplantation. Transplantation 2004;78:1471-8
  • Parker C. Eculizumab for paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria. Lancet 2009;373:759-67
  • Hillmen P, Hall C, Marsh JC, Effect of eculizumab on hemolysis and transfusion requirements in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. N Engl J Med 2004;350:552-9
  • Hillmen P, Young NS, Schubert J, The complement inhibitor eculizumab in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. N Engl J Med 2006;355:1233-43
  • Locke JE, Magro CM, Singer AL, The use of antibody to complement protein C5 for salvage treatment of severe antibody-mediated rejection. Am J Transplant 2009;9:231-5
  • Stegall MD, Diwan T, Raghavaiah S, Terminal Complement Inhibition Decreases Antibody-Mediated Rejection in Sensitized Renal Transplant Recipients. Am J Transplant 2011;11:2405-13
  • Locke JE, Zachary AA, Haas M, The utility of splenectomy as rescue treatment for severe acute antibody mediated rejection. Am J Transplant 2007;7:842-6
  • Bohmig GA, Wahrmann M, Regele H, Immunoadsorption in severe C4d-positive acute kidney allograft rejection: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Transplant 2007;7:117-21
  • Vincenti F, Kirk AD. What's next in the pipeline. Am J Transplant 2008;8:1972-81
  • Genovese MC, Kaine JL, Lowenstein MB, Ocrelizumab, a humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a phase I/II randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study. Arthritis Rheum 2008;58:2652-61
  • Hagenbeek A, Gadeberg O, Johnson P, First clinical use of ofatumumab, a novel fully human anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody in relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma: results of a phase 1/2 trial. Blood 2008;111:5486-95
  • Morschhauser F, Marlton P, Vitolo U, Results of a phase I/II study of ocrelizumab, a fully humanized anti-CD20 mAb, in patients with relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma. Ann Oncol 2010;21:1870-6
  • Ostergaard M, Baslund B, Rigby W, Ofatumumab, a human anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with an inadequate response to one or more disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase I/II study. Arthritis Rheum 2010;62:2227-38
  • Leonard JP, Coleman M, Ketas JC, Phase I/II trial of epratuzumab (humanized anti-CD22 antibody) in indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2003;21:3051-9
  • Steinfeld SD, Youinou P. Epratuzumab (humanised anti-CD22 antibody) in autoimmune diseases. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2006;6:943-9
  • Schneider P. The role of APRIL and BAFF in lymphocyte activation. Curr Opin Immunol 2005;17:282-9
  • Dall'Era M, Chakravarty E, Wallace D, Reduced B lymphocyte and immunoglobulin levels after atacicept treatment in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: results of a multicenter, phase Ib, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalating trial. Arthritis Rheum 2007;56:4142-50
  • Tillou X, Poirier N, Le Bas-Bernardet S, Recombinant human C1-inhibitor prevents acute antibody-mediated rejection in alloimmunized baboons. Kidney Int 2010;78:152-9
  • Imai A, Suzuki T, Sugitani A, A novel fully human anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody, 4D11, for kidney transplantation in cynomolgus monkeys. Transplantation 2007;84:1020-8
  • Aoyagi T, Yamashita K, Suzuki T, A human anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody, 4D11, for kidney transplantation in cynomolgus monkeys: induction and maintenance therapy. Am J Transplant 2009;9:1732-41
  • Vincenti F, Charpentier B, Vanrenterghem Y, A phase III study of belatacept-based immunosuppression regimens versus cyclosporine in renal transplant recipients (BENEFIT study). Am J Transplant 2010;10:535-46
  • Vincenti F, Larsen CP, Alberu J, Three-Year Outcomes from BENEFIT, a Randomized, Active-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study in Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients. Am J Transplant 2011. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03785.x. [Epub ahead of print]
  • Weaver TA, Charafeddine AH, Agarwal A, Alefacept promotes co-stimulation blockade based allograft survival in nonhuman primates. Nat Med 2009;15:746-9
  • Vincenti F, Mendez R, Pescovitz M, A phase I/II randomized open-label multicenter trial of efalizumab, a humanized anti-CD11a, anti-LFA-1 in renal transplantation. Am J Transplant 2007;7:1770-7
  • Busque S, Leventhal J, Brennan DC, Calcineurin-inhibitor-free immunosuppression based on the JAK inhibitor CP-690,550: a pilot study in de novo kidney allograft recipients. Am J Transplant 2009;9:1936-45
  • Friman S, Arns W, Nashan B, Sotrastaurin, a novel small molecule inhibiting protein-kinase C: randomized phase II study in renal transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2011;11:1444-55
  • Kawai T, Cosimi AB, Spitzer TR, HLA-mismatched renal transplantation without maintenance immunosuppression. N Engl J Med 2008;358:353-61
  • Scandling JD, Busque S, Dejbakhsh-Jones S, Tolerance and chimerism after renal and hematopoietic-cell transplantation. N Engl J Med 2008;358:362-8
  • Ott HC, Matthiesen TS, Goh SK, Perfusion-decellularized matrix: using nature's platform to engineer a bioartificial heart. Nat Med 2008;14:213-21
  • Takahashi K, Tanabe K, Ohnuki M, Induction of pluripotent stem cells from adult human fibroblasts by defined factors. Cell 2007;131:861-72
  • Yu J, Vodyanik MA, Smuga-Otto K, Induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from human somatic cells. Science 2007;318:1917-20
  • Prendergast MB, Gaston RS. Optimizing medication adherence: an ongoing opportunity to improve outcomes after kidney transplantation. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010;5:1305-11

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.