160
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Tolerance of the newborn to antiretroviral drug exposure in utero

, MD PhD, , MD PhD & , MD

Bibliography

  • EMConnor, RSSperling, RGelber, et al. Reduction of maternal-infant transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with zidovudine treatment. Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 076 Study Group. N Engl J Med 1994;331:1173-80
  • JCForbes, AMAlimenti, JSinger, et al. A national review of vertical HIV transmission. AIDS 2012;26:757-63
  • MSCohen, YQChen, MMcCauley, et al. Prevention of HIV-1 infection with early antiretroviral therapy. N Eng J Med 2011;365:493-505
  • CLTownsend, LByrne, MCortina-Borja, et al. Earlier initiation of ART and further decline in mother-to-child HIV transmission rates, 2000-2011. AIDS 2014;28:1049-57
  • RTubiana, JLe Chenadec, CRouzioux, et al. Factors associated with mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 despite a maternal viral load <500 copies/ml at delivery: a case-control study nested in the French perinatal cohort (EPF-ANRS CO1). Cl Infec Dis 2010;50:585-96
  • NSiegfried, Lvan der Merwe, PBrocklehurst, TTSint. Antiretrovirals for reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011;6:CD003510
  • Panel on Treatment of HIV-Infected Pregnant Women and Prevention of Perinatal Transmission. Recommendations for Use of Antiretroviral Drugs in Pregnant HIV-1-Infected Women for Maternal Health and Interventions to Reduce Perinatal HIV Transmission in the United States. Available from: http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/contentfiles/lvguidelines/PerinatalGL.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2014]
  • LMandelbrot, ABerrébi, SMatheron, et al. [HIV and pregnancy: 2013 guidelines from the French expert working group]. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris) 2014;43:534-48
  • GPTaylor, PClayden, JDhar. British HIV Association guidelines for the management of HIV infection in pregnant women 2012. HIV Med 2012;13:87-157
  • JMGreig, JAnderson. Optimizing antiretroviral therapy for women living with HIV. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2014;27:46-52
  • Zidovudine for mother, fetus, and child: hope or poison? Lancet 1994;344:207-9
  • BHChi, CBolton-Moore, CBHolmes. Prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission within the continuum of maternal, newborn, and child health services. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2013;8:498-503
  • MMahy, JStover, KKiragu, et al. What will it take to achieve virtual elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV? An assessment of current progress and future needs. Sex Transm Infect 2010;86:ii48-55
  • Antiretroviral drugs for treating women and preventing HIV infection in infants. WHO guidelines. Available from: http://www.who.int/hiv [Accessed 14 November 2014]
  • Global Aids Response Progress Reporting 2014. Available from: http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/GARPR_2014_guidelines_en_0.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2014]
  • LJElse, STaylor, DJBack, SHKhoo. Pharmacokinetics of antiretroviral drugs in anatomical sanctuary sites: the fetal compartment (placenta and amniotic fluid). Antivir Ther 2011;16:1139-47
  • MTomi, TNishimura, ENakashima. Mother-to-fetus transfer of antiviral drugs and the involvement of transporters at the placental barrier. J Pharm Sci 2011;100:3708-18
  • HChappuy, JMTréluyer, VJullien, et al. Maternal-fetal transfer and amniotic fluid accumulation of nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus-infected pregnant women. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004;48:4332-6
  • TRFleming. Evaluating the safety of interventions for prevention of perinatal transmission of HIV. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000;918:201-11
  • NDauby, TGoetghebuer, TRKollmann, et al. Uninfected but not unaffected: chronic maternal infections during pregnancy, fetal immunity, and susceptibility to postnatal infections. Lancet Infect Dis 2012;12:330-40
  • LAfran, MGarcia Knight, ENduati, et al. HIV-exposed uninfected children: a growing population with a vulnerable immune system? Clin Exp Immunol 2014;176:11-22
  • CTaron-Brocard, JLe Chenadec, AFaye, et al. Increased risk of serious bacterial infections due to maternal immunosuppression in HIV-exposed uninfected infants in a European country. Clin Infect Dis 2014;59:1332-45
  • SEuropean Collaborative, MSwiss; Child HIVCS. Combination antiretroviral therapy and duration of pregnancy. AIDS 2000;14:2913-20
  • RMZack, JGolan, SAboud, et al. Risk factors for preterm birth among HIV-infected tanzanian women: a prospective study. Obstet Gynecol Int 2014;2014:261689
  • OCEzechi, ANDavid, CVGab-Okafor, et al. Incidence of and socio-biologic risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth in HIV positive Nigerian women. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2012;12:93
  • KVan der Merwe, RHoffman, VBlack, et al. Birth outcomes in South African women receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy: a retrospective observational study. J Int AIDS Soc 2011;14:42
  • RETuomala, DHWatts, DLi, et al. Improved obstetric outcomes and few maternal toxicities are associated with antiretroviral therapy, including highly active antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2005;38:449-73
  • CLTownsend, MCortina-Borja, CSPeckham, PATookey. Antiretroviral therapy and premature delivery in diagnosed HIV-infected women in the United Kingdom and Ireland. AIDS 2007;21:1019-26
  • JSchulte, KDominguez, TSukalac, Pediatric Spectrum of HIVDC. Declines in low birth weight and preterm birth among infants who were born to HIV-infected women during an era of increased use of maternal antiretroviral drugs: pediatric Spectrum of HIV Disease, 1989-2004. Pediatrics 2007;119:e900-6
  • MRavizza, PMartinelli, ABucceri, et al. Treatment with protease inhibitors and coinfection with hepatitis C virus are independent predictors of preterm delivery in HIV-infected pregnant women. J Infect Dis 2007;195:913-14
  • APKourtis, CHSchmid, DJJamieson, JLau. Use of antiretroviral therapy in pregnant HIV-infected women and the risk of premature delivery: a meta-analysis. AIDS 2007;21:607-15
  • KPatel, DEShapiro, SBBrogly, et al. Prenatal protease inhibitor use and risk of preterm birth among HIV-infected women initiating antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy. J Infect Dis 2010;201:1035-44
  • MLopez, FFigueras, SHernandez, et al. Association of HIV infection with spontaneous and iatrogenic preterm delivery: effect of HAART. AIDS 2012;26:37-43
  • DHWatts, PLWilliams, DKacanek, et al. Combination antiretroviral use and preterm birth. J Infect Dis 2013;207:612-21
  • JSibiude, JWarszawski, RTubiana, et al. Premature delivery in HIV-infected women starting protease inhibitor therapy during pregnancy: role of the ritonavir boost? Clin Infect Dis 2012;54:1348-60
  • Kesho Bora Study Group. Ide Vincenzi. Triple antiretroviral compared with zidovudine and single-dose nevirapine prophylaxis during pregnancy and breastfeeding for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 (Kesho Bora study): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2011;11:171-80
  • KMPowis, DKitch, AOgwu, et al. Increased risk of preterm delivery among HIV-infected women randomized to protease versus nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based HAART during pregnancy. J Infect Dis 2011;204:506-14
  • CAKoss, PNatureeba, APlenty, et al. Risk factors for preterm birth among HIV-infected pregnant Ugandan women randomized to lopinavir/ritonavir- or efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2014;67:128-35
  • JYChen, HJRibaudo, SSouda, et al. Highly active antiretroviral therapy and adverse birth outcomes among HIV-infected women in Botswana. J Infect Dis 2012;206:1695-705
  • JNdirangu, MLNewell, RMBland, CThorne. Maternal HIV infection associated with small-for-gestational age infants but not preterm births: evidence from rural South Africa. Hum Reprod 2012;27:1846-56
  • NBriand, LMandelbrot, JLe Chenadec, ANRS French Perinatal Cohort. No relation between in-utero exposure to HAART and intrauterine growth retardation. AIDS 2009;23:1235-43
  • JJao, EJAbrams. Metabolic complications of in utero maternal HIV and antiretroviral exposure in HIV-exposed infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2014;33:734-40
  • CJNewschaffer, JCocroft, CEAnderson, et al. Prenatal zidovudine use and congenital anomalies in a medicaid population. J Acquir Immune Defic Synd 2000;24:249-56
  • CLTownsend, BAWilley, MCortina-Borja, et al. Antiretroviral therapy and congenital abnormalities in infants born to HIV-infected women in the UK and Ireland, 1990-2007. Aids 2009;23:519-24
  • SBBrogly, MJAbzug, DHWatts, et al. Birth defects among children born to human immunodeficiency virus-infected women: pediatric AIDS clinical trials protocols 219 and 219C. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2010;29:721-7
  • DHWatts, SHuang, MCulnane, et al. Birth defects among a cohort of infants born to HIV-infected women on antiretroviral medication. J Perinat Med 2011;39:163-70
  • KMKnapp, SBBrogly, DGMuenz, et al. Prevalence of congenital anomalies in infants with in utero exposure to antiretrovirals. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2012;31:164-70
  • Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry Steering Committee. Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry international interim report for 1 Jan 1989–31 July 2013. 2013. Available from: http://www.APRegistry.com [Accessed 14 November 2014]
  • DMGibb, HKizito, ECRussell, et al. DART trial team. Pregnancy and infant outcomes among. HIV-infected women taking long-term ART with and without tenofovir in the DART trial. PLoS Med 2012;9:e1001217
  • Food and Drug Administration. Sustiva drug label. Available from: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2010/021360s024lbl.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2014]
  • NFord, LMofenson, ZShubber, et al. Safety of efavirenz in the first trimester of pregnancy: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. AIDS 2014;28:S123-31
  • JSibiude, LMandelbrot, SBlanche, et al. Association between prenatal exposure to antiretroviral therapy and birth defects: an analysis of the French perinatal cohort study (ANRS CO1/CO11). Plos Med 2014;11:e1001635
  • KGideon. editor. Maternal-Fetal Toxicology: a Clinician’s Guide (Medical Toxicology). Marcel DEKKER, New York (USA) - Basel (CH);2001
  • SDryden-Peterson, RLShapiro, MDHughes, et al. Increased risk of severe infant anemia after exposure to maternal HAART. Botswana. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2011;56:428-36
  • LMandelbrot, ALandreau-Mascaro, CRekacewicz, Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA (ANRS) 075 Study Group. Lamivudine-zidovudine combination for prevention of maternal-infant transmission of HIV-1. JAMA 2001;285:2083-93
  • IAndré-Schmutz, LDal-Cortivo, ESix, et al. Genotoxic signature in cord blood cells of newborns exposed in utero to a zidovudine-based antiretroviral combination. J Infect Dis 2013;208(2):235-43
  • PScalfaro, JJChesaux, PABuchwalder, et al. Severe transient neonatal lactic acidosis during prophylactic zidovudine treatment Intensive Care. Med 1998;24:247-50
  • ANoguera, CFortuny, CMuñoz-Almagro, et al. Hyperlactatemia in human immunodeficiency virus-uninfected infants who are exposed to antiretrovirals. Pediatrics 2004;114:e598-603
  • AAlimenti, DRBurdge, GSOgilvie, et al. Lactic acidemia in human immunodeficiency virus-uninfected infants exposed to perinatal antiretroviral therapy. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2003;22:782-9
  • AFTarantal, ACastillo, JEEkert, et al. Fetal and maternal outcome after administration of tenofovir to gravid rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2002;29:207-20
  • GKSiberry, DLJacobson, HKalkwarf, et al. Lower newborn bone mineral content (BMC) associated with maternal use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) [abstract 79]. CROI; Boston; 2014
  • CSChasela, MGHudgens, DJJamieson, BAN Study Group. Maternal or infant antiretroviral drugs to reduce HIV-1 transmission. N Engl J Med 2010;362:2271-81
  • EHDecloedt, GMaartens. Neuronal toxicity of efavirenz: a systematic review. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2013;12:841-6
  • GArendt, Dde Ncker, HJvon Giesen, TNolting. Neuropsychiatric side effects of efavirenz therapy. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2007;6:147-54
  • ASimon, JWarszawski, DKariyawasam, ANRS French Perinatal Cohort Study Group. Association of prenatal and postnatal exposure to lopinavir-ritonavir and adrenal dysfunction among uninfected infants of HIV-infected mothers. JAMA 2011;306:70-8
  • MAMcArthur, SUKalu, ARFoulks, et al. Twin preterm neonates with cardiac toxicity related to lopinavir/ritonavir therapy. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2009;28:1127-9
  • ELopriore, LRozendaal, LBGelinck, et al. Twins with cardiomyopathy and complete heart block born to an HIV-infected mother treated with HAART. AIDS 2007;21:2564-5
  • Available from: http://www.fda;gov/Safety/MedWatch/SafetyInformation/SafetyAlertsforHumanMedicalProducts/ucm246167.htm [Accessed 14 November 2014]
  • LMandelbrot, FMazy, CFloch-Tudal, et al. Atazanavir in pregnancy: impact on neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2011;157:18-21
  • SBlanche, MTardieu, PRustin, et al. Persistent mitochondrial dysfunction and perinatal exposure to antiretroviral nucleoside analogues. Lancet 1999;354:1084-9
  • SBBrogly, SDiMauro, RBVan Dyke, et al. Transplacental nucleoside analogue exposure and mitochondrial parameters in HIV-uninfected children. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2011;27:777-83
  • RLDivi, SLLeonard, MMKuo, et al. Cardiac mitochondrial compromise in one year old Erythrocebus patas monkeys exposed in utero to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2005;5:333-46
  • ACRoss, TLeong, AAvery, et al. Effects of in utero antiretroviral exposure on mitochondrial DNA levels, mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. HIV Med 2012;13:98-106
  • KGardner, PAHall, PFChinnery, BAPayne. HIV treatment and associated mitochondrial pathology: review of 25 years of in vitro, animal, and human studies. Toxicol Pathol 2013;42:811-22
  • RLDivi, TLEinem, SLFletcher, et al. Progressive mitochondrial compromise in brains and livers of primates exposed in utero to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Toxicol Sci 2010;118:191-201
  • OAOlivero, GMShearer, CAChougnet, et al. Incorporation of zidovudine into leukocyte DNA from HIV-1-positive adults and pregnant women, and cord blood from infants exposed in utero. AIDS 1999;13:919-25
  • PAEscobar, OAOlivero, NAWade, et al. Genotoxicity assessed by the comet and GPA assays following in vitro exposure of human lymphoblastoid cells (H9) or perinatal exposure of mother-child pairs to AZT or AZT-3TC. Environ Mol Mutagen 2007;48:330-43
  • KLWitt, CKCunningham, KBPatterson, et al. Elevated frequencies of micronucleated erythrocytes in infants exposed to zidovudine in utero and postpartum to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Environ Mol Mutagen 2007;48:322-9
  • SSenda, SBlanche, DCostagliola, et al. Altered heterochromatin organization after perinatal exposure to zidovudine. Antivir Ther 2007;12:179-87
  • OAOlivero, LRTorres, SGorjifard, et al. Perinatal exposure of patas monkeys to antiretroviral nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors induces genotoxicity persistent for up to 3 years of age. J Infect Dis 2013;208:244-8
  • AVivanti, WCuccuini, SLuce, et al. Comparative genotoxic signature in cord blood cells from neonates exposed to AZT or TDF in utero [abstract P-T2 379]. 21th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections CROI;3 – 6 March 2014;Boston, USA; AIDS 2015, in press
  • BBarret, MTardieu, PRustin, et al. Persistent mitochondrial dysfunction in HIV-1-exposed but uninfected infants : clinical screening in a large prospective cohort. AIDS 2003;17:1769-85
  • MJCrain, MCChernoff, JMOleske, et al. Possible mitochondrial dysfunction and its association with antiretroviral therapy use in children perinatally infected with HIV. J Infect Dis 2010;202:291-301
  • MLNozyce, YHuo, PLWilliams, et al. Safety of in utero and neonatal antiretroviral exposure: cognitive and Academic outcomes in HIV-exposed, uninfected children 5-13 years of age. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2014;33:1128-33
  • SELipshultz, WTShearer, BThompson, et al. Cardiac effects of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-negative infants born to HIV-positive mothers: the NHLBI CHAART-1 cohort study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;57:76-85
  • WTCade, ADWaggoner, SHubert, et al. Reduced diastolic function and left ventricular mass in HIV-negative pre-adolescent children exposed to antiretroviral therapy in Utero. AIDS 2012;26:2053-8
  • JSibiude, JLe Chenadec, DBonnet, et al. In utero exposure to zidovudine and neonatal heart abnormalities in the ANRS-EPF/PRIMEVA studies [abstract 862]. 21th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections CROI;3 – 6 March 2014; Boston, USA
  • SMTorres, RLDivi, DMWalker, et al. In utero exposure of female CD-1 mice to AZT and/or 3TC: II. Persistence of functional alterations in cardiac tissue. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2010;10:87-99
  • RLDivi, SLLeonard, MMKuo, et al. Cardiac mitochondrial compromise in 1-yr-old Erythrocebus patas monkeys perinatally-exposed to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2005;5:333-46
  • BAIPayne, IJWilson, CAHateley, et al. Mitochondrial aging is accelerated by anti-retroviral therapy through the clonal expansion of mtDNA mutations. Nat Genet 2011;43:806-10
  • JLe Chenadec, MJMayaux, CGuihenneuc-Jouyaux, SBlanche; Enquête Périnatale Française Study Group. Perinatal antiretroviral treatment and hematopoiesis in HIV-uninfected infants. AIDS 2003;17:2053-61
  • SEPacheco, KMcIntosh, MLu, et al. Effect of perinatal antiretroviral drug exposure on hematologic values in HIV-uninfected children: an analysis of the women and infants transmission study. J Infec Dis 2006;194:1089-97
  • MJBunders, VBekker, HJScherpbier, et al. Haematological parameters of HIV-1-uninfected infants born to HIV-1-infected mothers. Acta Paediatr 2005;94:1571-7
  • VBenhammou, JWarszawski, SBellec, et al. Incidence of cancer in children perinatally exposed to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. AIDS 2008;22:2165-77
  • RTubiana, LMandelbrot, JLe Chenadec, et al. Lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy as a nucleoside analogue-sparing strategy to prevent HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission : the ANRS 135 PRIMEVA phase 2/3 randomized trial. Clin Infect Dis 2013;57:891-902
  • KNielsen-Saines, DHWatts, VGVeloso, et al. NICHD HPTN 040/PACTG 1043 Protocol Team. Three postpartum antiretroviral regimens to prevent intrapartum HIV infection. N Engl J Med 2012;366:2368-79
  • KCLiu, MFarahani, TMashamba, et al. Pregnancy outcomes and birth defects from an antiretroviral drug safety study of women in South Africa and Zambia. AIDS 2014;28:2259-68
  • AGoodman, JSchorge, MFGreene. The long-term effects of in utero exposures-the DES story. N Engl J Med 2011;364:2083-4

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.