Dosing of rivaroxaban by indication: getting the right dose for the patient

Bibliography

• Franchini M, Mannucci PM. New anticoagulants for treatment of venous thromboembolism. Eur J Intern Med 2012;23:692-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heit JA. The epidemiology of venous thromboembolism in the community. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008;28:370-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen AT, Agnelli G, Anderson FA, et al. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Europe. The number of VTE events and associated morbidity and mortality. Thromb Haemost 2007;98:756-64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prandoni P, Noventa F, Ghirarduzzi A, et al. The risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism after discontinuing anticoagulation in patients with acute proximal deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. A prospective cohort study in 1,626 patients. Haematologica 2007;92:199-205
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Camm AJ, Kirchhof P, Lip GYH, et al. Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: the task force for the management of atrial fibrillation of the european society of cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2010;31:2369-429
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuster V, Rydén LE, Cannom DS, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS focused updates incorporated into the ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the american college of cardiology foundation/american heart association task force on practice guidelines. Circulation 2011;123:e269-367
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granger CB, Weaver WD. Reducing cardiac events after acute coronary syndromes. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2004;5(Suppl 5):S39-46
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ageno W, Gallus AS, Wittkowsky A, et al. Oral anticoagulant therapy: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest 2012;141:e44S-88S
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hylek EM. The need for new oral anticoagulants in clinical practice. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2009;10:605-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mearns ES, White CM, Kohn CG, et al. Quality of vitamin K antagonist control and outcomes in atrial fibrillation patients: a meta-analysis and meta-regression. Thromb J 2014;12:14
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pare G, Eriksson N, Lehr T, et al. Genetic determinants of dabigatran plasma levels and their relation to bleeding. Circulation 2013;127:1404-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ross S, Nejat S, Pare G. Use of genetic data to guide therapy in arterial disease. J Thromb Haemost 2015;13(Suppl 1):S281-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Xarelto® (rivaroxaban) Prescribing Information. 2015. Available from: www.xareltohcp.com/sites/default/files/pdf/xarelto_0.pdf [Last accessed 9 June 2015]
   Google Scholar
• Bayer Pharma AG. Xarelto® (rivaroxaban) Summary of Product Characteristics. 2015. Available from: www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Product_Information/human/000944/WC500057108.pdf [Last accessed 30 July 2015]
   Google Scholar
• Turpie AGG, Fisher WD, Bauer KA, et al. BAY 59-7939: an oral, direct Factor Xa inhibitor for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients after total knee replacement. A phase II dose-ranging study. J Thromb Haemost 2005;3:2479-86
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eriksson BI, Borris LC, Dahl OE, et al. A once-daily, oral, direct Factor Xa inhibitor, rivaroxaban (BAY 59-7939), for thromboprophylaxis after total hip replacement. Circulation 2006;114:2374-81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eriksson BI, Borris L, Dahl OE, et al. Oral, direct Factor Xa inhibition with BAY 59-7939 for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after total hip replacement. J Thromb Haemost 2006;4:121-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agnelli G, Gallus A, Goldhaber SZ, et al. Treatment of proximal deep-vein thrombosis with the oral direct Factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban (BAY 59-7939): the ODIXa-DVT (Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor BAY 59-7939 in patients with acute symptomatic Deep-Vein Thrombosis) study. Circulation 2007;116:180-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buller HR, Lensing AWA, Prins MH, et al. A dose-ranging study evaluating once-daily oral administration of the Factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban in the treatment of patients with acute symptomatic deep vein thrombosis: the Einstein-DVT Dose-Ranging Study. Blood 2008;112:2242-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mueck W, Eriksson BI, Bauer KA, et al. Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rivaroxaban – an oral, direct Factor Xa inhibitor – in patients undergoing major orthopaedic surgery. Clin Pharmacokinet 2008;47:203-16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mueck W, Lensing AWA, Agnelli G, et al. Rivaroxaban: population pharmacokinetic analyses in patients treated for acute deep-vein thrombosis and exposure simulations in patients with atrial fibrillation treated for stroke prevention. Clin Pharmacokinet 2011;50:675-86
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mega JL, Braunwald E, Mohanavelu S, et al. Rivaroxaban versus placebo in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ATLAS ACS-TIMI 46): a randomised, double-blind, phase II trial. Lancet 2009;374:29-38
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eriksson BI, Borris LC, Friedman RJ, et al. Rivaroxaban versus enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis after hip arthroplasty. N Engl J Med 2008;358:2765-75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kakkar AK, Brenner B, Dahl OE, et al. Extended duration rivaroxaban versus short-term enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after total hip arthroplasty: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2008;372:31-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lassen MR, Ageno W, Borris LC, et al. Rivaroxaban versus enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis after total knee arthroplasty. N Engl J Med 2008;358:2776-86
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turpie AGG, Lassen MR, Davidson BL, et al. Rivaroxaban versus enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis after total knee arthroplasty (RECORD4): a randomised trial. Lancet 2009;373:1673-80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The EINSTEIN Investigators. Oral rivaroxaban for symptomatic venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med 2010;363:2499-510
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patel MR, Mahaffey KW, Garg J, et al. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2011;365:883-91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The EINSTEIN–PE Investigators. Oral rivaroxaban for the treatment of symptomatic pulmonary embolism. N Engl J Med 2012;366:1287-97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mega JL, Braunwald E, Wiviott SD, et al. Rivaroxaban in patients with a recent acute coronary syndrome. N Engl J Med 2012;366:9-19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davie EW, RATNOFF OD. Waterfall sequence for intrinsic blood clotting. Science 1964;145:1310-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macfarlane RG. An enzyme cascade in the blood clotting mechanism, and its function as a biochemical marker. Nature 1964;202:498-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffman M, Monroe DMIII. A cell-based model of hemostasis. Thromb Haemost 2001;85:958-65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turpie AGG, Esmon C. Venous and arterial thrombosis – pathogenesis and the rationale for anticoagulation. Thromb Haemost 2011;105:586-96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuster V, Moreno PR, Fayad ZA, et al. Atherothrombosis and high-risk plaque: part I: evolving concepts. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005;46:937-54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perzborn E, Roehrig S, Straub A, et al. The discovery and development of rivaroxaban, an oral, direct Factor Xa inhibitor. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2011;10:61-75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mueck W, Stampfuss J, Kubitza D, Becka M. Clinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of rivaroxaban. Clin Pharmacokinet 2014;53:1-16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kreutz R. Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic basics of rivaroxaban. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2012;26:27-32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kubitza D, Roth A, Becka M, et al. Effect of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a single dose of rivaroxaban – an oral, direct Factor Xa inhibitor. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2013;76:89-98
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kubitza D, Becka M, Mueck W, et al. Effects of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of rivaroxaban, an oral, direct Factor Xa inhibitor. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2010;70:703-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geerts WH, Bergqvist D, Pineo GF, et al. Prevention of venous thromboembolism: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008;133:381S-453S
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bovill EG, van der Vliet A. Venous valvular stasis-associated hypoxia and thrombosis: what is the link? Annu Rev Physiol 2011;73:527-45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson GJ, Leis LA, Bach RR. Tissue factor activity of blood mononuclear cells is increased after total knee arthroplasty. Thromb Haemost 2009;102:728-34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Key NS. Bench to bedside: new developments in our understanding of the pathophysiology of thrombosis. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2013;35:342-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez JA, Chen J. Pathophysiology of venous thrombosis. Thromb Res 2009;123(Suppl 4):S30-S34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackman N. Triggers, targets and treatments for thrombosis. Nature 2008;451:914-18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher WD. Impact of venous thromboembolism on clinical management and therapy after hip and knee arthroplasty. Can J Surg 2011;54:344-51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papaioannou TG, Stefanadis C. Vascular wall shear stress: basic principles and methods. Hellenic J Cardiol 2005;46:9-15
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mackman N. New insights into the mechanisms of venous thrombosis. J Clin Invest 2012;122:2331-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldhaber SZ, Bounameaux H. Pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis. Lancet 2012;379:1835-46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gresele P, Momi S, Migliacci R. Endothelium, venous thromboembolism and ischaemic cardiovascular events. Thromb Haemost 2010;103:56-61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turpie AGG, Chin BSP, Lip GYH. Venous thromboembolism: pathophysiology, clinical features, and prevention. Br Med J 2002;325:887-90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Planes A, Vochelle N, Darmon JY, et al. Risk of deep-venous thrombosis after hospital discharge in patients having undergone total hip replacement: double-blind randomised comparison of enoxaparin versus placebo. Lancet 1996;348:224-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedman RJ. Optimal duration of prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism following total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2007;15:148-55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eriksson BI, Borris LC, Dahl OE, et al. Dose-escalation study of rivaroxaban (BAY 59-7939) – an oral, direct Factor Xa inhibitor – for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing total hip replacement. Thromb Res 2007;120:685-93
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falck-Ytter Y, Francis CW, Johanson NA, et al. Prevention of VTE in orthopedic surgery patients: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest 2012;141:e278S-325S
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turpie AGG, Haas S, Kreutz R, et al. A non-interventional comparison of rivaroxaban with standard of care for thromboprophylaxis after major orthopaedic surgery in 17,701 patients with propensity score adjustment. Thromb Haemost 2014;111:94-102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beyer-Westendorf J, Lützner J, Donath L, et al. Efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban or fondaparinux thromboprophylaxis in major orthopedic surgery: findings from the ORTHO-TEP registry. J Thromb Haemost 2012;10:2045-52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beyer-Westendorf J, Lützner J, Donath L, et al. Efficacy and safety of thromboprophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin or rivaroxaban in hip and knee replacement surgery. Findings from the ORTHO-TEP registry. Thromb Haemost 2013;109:154-63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mueck W, Borris LC, Dahl OE, et al. Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of once- and twice-daily rivaroxaban for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing total hip replacement. Thromb Haemost 2008;100:453-61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perzborn E, Strassburger J, Wilmen A, et al. In vitro and in vivo studies of the novel antithrombotic agent BAY 59-7939 − an oral, direct Factor Xa inhibitor. J Thromb Haemost 2005;3:514-21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trotman WE, Taatjes DJ, Callas PW, Bovill EG. The endothelial microenvironment in the venous valvular sinus: thromboresistance trends and inter-individual variation. Histochem Cell Biol 2011;135:141-52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kearon C, Kahn SR, Agnelli G, et al. Antithrombotic therapy for venous thromboembolic disease: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008;133:454S-545S
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiessinger JN, Huisman MV, Davidson BL, et al. Ximelagatran vs low-molecular-weight heparin and warfarin for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis: a randomized trial. JAMA 2005;293:681-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Gogh Investigators. Idraparinux versus standard therapy for venous thromboembolic disease. N Engl J Med 2007;357:1094-104
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prins MH, Lensing AWA, Bauersachs R, et al. Oral rivaroxaban versus standard therapy for the treatment of symptomatic venous thromboembolism: a pooled analysis of the EINSTEIN-DVT and PE randomized studies. Thromb J 2013;11:21
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Prins MH, Lensing AWA, Brighton TA, et al. Oral rivaroxaban versus enoxaparin with vitamin K antagonist for the treatment of symptomatic venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer (EINSTEIN-DVT and EINSTEIN-PE): a pooled subgroup analysis of two randomised controlled trials. Lancet Haematol 2014;1:e37-46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauersachs RM, Lensing AWA, Prins MH, et al. Rivaroxaban versus enoxaparin/vitamin K antagonist therapy in patients with venous thromboembolism and renal impairment. Thromb J 2014;12:25
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kearon C, Akl EA, Comerota AJ, et al. Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest 2012;141:e419S-94S
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Konstantinides SV, Torbicki A, Agnelli G, et al. 2014;ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism. Eur Heart J 2014 35:3033-69
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ageno W, Mantovani LG, Haas S, et al. XALIA: rationale and design of a non-interventional study of rivaroxaban compared with standard therapy for initial and long-term anticoagulation in deep vein thrombosis. Thromb J 2014;12:16
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Menke J, Luthje L, Kastrup A, Larsen J. Thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2010;105:502-10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson T, Shantsila E, Lip GYH. Mechanisms of thrombogenesis in atrial fibrillation: Virchow’s triad revisited. Lancet 2009;373:155-66
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iwasaki YK, Nishida K, Kato T, Nattel S. Atrial fibrillation pathophysiology: implications for management. Circulation 2011;124:2264-74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Camm AJ, Lip GYH, De Caterina R, et al. 2012 focused update of the ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: an update of the 2010 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. Developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association. Eur Heart J 2012 33:2719-47
   Google Scholar
• January CT, Wann LS, Alpert JS, et al. 2014;AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014 64:e1-e76
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skanes AC, Healey JS, Cairns JA, et al. Focused 2012 update of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society atrial fibrillation guidelines: recommendations for stroke prevention and rate/rhythm control. Can J Cardiol 2012;28:125-36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Girgis IG, Patel MR, Peters GR, et al. Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rivaroxaban in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: Results from ROCKET AF. J Clin Pharmacol 2014;54:917-27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hori M, Matsumoto M, Tanahashi N, et al. Rivaroxaban vs. warfarin in Japanese patients with atrial fibrillation – the J-ROCKET AF study. Circ J 2012;76:2104-11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Japanese circulation society joint working group. Guidelines for pharmacotherapy of atrial fibrillation (JCS 2008): digest version. Circ J 2010;74:2479-500
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atarashi H, Inoue H, Okumura K, et al. Present status of anticoagulation treatment in Japanese patients with atrial fibrillation: a report from the J-RHYTHM Registry. Circ J 2011;75:1328-33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Camm AJ, Amarenco P, Haas S, et al. XANTUS: rationale and design of a noninterventional study of rivaroxaban for the prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2014;10:425-34
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kakkar AK, Bassand JP, Goldhaber SZ, et al. One-year outcomes in atrial fibrillation patients with versus without a previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack: findings from the international prospective GARFIELD Registry. Eur Heart J 2013;34: Abstract P386
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kakkar AK, Mueller I, Bassand JP, et al. Risk profiles and antithrombotic treatment of patients newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation at risk of stroke: perspectives from the international, observational, prospective GARFIELD Registry. PLoS One 2013;8:e63479
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuster V, Badimon L, Badimon JJ, Chesebro JH. The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and the acute coronary syndromes (1). N Engl J Med 1992;326:242-50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu XS, Moore K, Burton P, et al. Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rivaroxaban in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2012;74:86-97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beyer-Westendorf J, Forster K, Pannach S, et al. Rates, management, and outcome of rivaroxaban bleeding in daily care: results from the Dresden NOAC registry. Blood 2014;124:955-62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beyer-Westendorf J, Forster K, Ebertz F, et al. Drug persistence with rivaroxaban therapy in atrial fibrillation patients-results from the Dresden non-interventional oral anticoagulation registry. Europace 2015;17:530-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laliberté F, Cloutier M, Nelson WW, et al. Real-world comparative effectiveness and safety of rivaroxaban and warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients. Curr Med Res Opin 2014;30:1317-25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson WW, Song X, Coleman CI, et al. Medication persistence and discontinuation of rivaroxaban versus warfarin among patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Curr Med Res Opin 2014;30:2461-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tamayo S, Frank PW, Patel M, et al. Characterizing major bleeding in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: a pharmacovigilance study of 27 467 patients taking rivaroxaban. Clin Cardiol 2015;38:63-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tamayo S, Patel M, Yuan Z, et al. Post-marketing pharmacovigilance study for the active detection and evaluation of major bleeding in rivaroxaban users with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015;65: Abstract A281
   Google Scholar
• Bayer Yakuhin Ltd. Xarelto (rivaroxaban) Japanese package insert. 2012. Available from: www.mhlw.go.jp/file/05-Shingikai-11121000-Iyakushokuhinkyoku-Soumuka/0000015162.pdf [Last accessed 23 October 2013]
   Google Scholar
• Owens APIII, Mackman N. Microparticles in hemostasis and thrombosis. Circ Res 2011;108:1284-97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• von Bruhl ML, Stark K, Steinhart A, et al. Monocytes, neutrophils, and platelets cooperate to initiate and propagate venous thrombosis in mice in vivo. J Exp Med 2012;209:819-35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kubitza D, Becka M, Wensing G, et al. Safety, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of BAY 59-7939 – an oral, direct Factor Xa inhibitor – after multiple dosing in healthy male subjects. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2005;61:873-80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kubitza D, Becka M, Voith B, et al. Safety, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of single doses of BAY 59-7939, an oral, direct Factor Xa inhibitor. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2005;78:412-21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kubitza D, Becka M, Roth A, Mueck W. Dose-escalation study of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rivaroxaban in healthy elderly subjects. Curr Med Res Opin 2008;24:2757-65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turpie AGG, Lassen MR, Eriksson BI, et al. Rivaroxaban for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after hip or knee arthroplasty. Pooled analysis of four studies. Thromb Haemost 2011;105:444-53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar