Pharmacologic normal tissue protection in clinical radiation oncology: focus on amifostine

Bibliography

• Brizel DM. Pharmacologic approaches to radiation protection. J Clin Oncol 2007;25:4084-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourhis J, Overgaard J, Audry H, et al. Hyperfractionated or accelerated radiotherapy in head and neck cancer: a meta-analysis. Lancet 2006;368:843-54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veldeman L, Madani I, Hulstaert F, et al. Evidence behind use of intensity-modulated radiotherapy: a systematic review of comparative clinical studies. Lancet Oncol 2008;9:367-75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brada M, Pijls-Johannesma M, De Ruysscher D. Proton therapy in clinical practice: current clinical evidence. J Clin Oncol 2007;25:965-70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulz-Ertner D, Tsujii H. Particle radiation therapy using proton and heavier ion beams. J Clin Oncol 2007;25:953-64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verellen D, Ridder MD, Linthout N, et al. Innovations in image-guided radiotherapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2007;7:949-60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hosseinimehr SJ. Trends in the development of radioprotective agents. Drug Discov Today 2007;12:794-805
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patt HM, Tyree B, Straube RL, Smith DE. Cysteine protection against x-irradiation. Science 1949;110:213-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall EJ, Giaccia AJ. Radioprotectors. In: Hall EJ, Giaccia AJ, editors, Radiobiology for the radiologist. 6th edition. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2006. p. 130-2
   Google Scholar
• Daroczi B, Kari G, McAleer MF, et al. In vivo radioprotection by the fullerene nanoparticle DF-1 as assessed in a zebrafish model. Clin Cancer Res 2006;12:7086-91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bensinger W, Schubert M, Ang KK, et al. NCCN Task Force Report. prevention and management of mucositis in cancer care. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2008;6:S1-21
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ethyol® (amifostine) for injection. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/label/1999/20221s12lbl.pdf [Accessed 12 May 2008]
   Google Scholar
• Brizel DM, Wasserman TH, Henke M, et al. Phase III randomized trial of amifostine as a radioprotector in head and neck cancer. J Clin Oncol 2000;18:3339-45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kemp G, Rose P, Lurain J, et al. Amifostine pretreatment for protection against cyclophosphamide-induced and cisplatin-induced toxicities: results of a randomized control trial in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. J Clin Oncol 1996;14:2101-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasey JS, Krohn KA, Menard TW, Spence AM. Comparative biodistribution and radioprotection studies with three radioprotective drugs in mouse tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1986;12:1487-90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BC Cancer Agency article on amifostine. Available from: http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/HPI/DrugDatabase/DrugIndexPro/amifostine.htm [Accessed 12 May 2008]
   Google Scholar
• Shaw LM, Bonner HS, Brown DQ. Metabolic pathways of WR-2721 (ethyol, amifostine) in the BALB/c mouse. Drug Metab Dispos 1994;22:895-902
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuhas JM. Active versus passive absorption kinetics as the basis for selective protection of normal tissues by S-2-(3- aminopropylamino)-ethylphosphorothioic acid. Cancer Res 1980;40:1519-24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khodarev NN, Kataoka Y, Murley JS, et al. Interaction of amifostine and ionizing radiation on transcriptional patterns of apoptotic genes expressed in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004;60:553-63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murley JS, Nantajit D, Baker KL, et al. Maintenance of manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2)-mediated delayed radioprotection induced by repeated administration of the free thiol form of amifostine. Radiat Res 2008;169:495-505
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koukourakis MI, Kyrias G, Kakolyris S, et al. Subcutaneous administration of amifostine during fractionated radiotherapy: a randomized phase II study. J Clin Oncol 2000;18:2226-33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anné PR, Machtay M, Rosenthal DI, et al. A phase II trial of subcutaneous amifostine and radiation therapy in patients with head-and-neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007;67:445-52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bardet E, Martin L, Calais G, et al. Preliminary data of the GORTEC 2000-02 phase III trial comparing intravenous and subcutaneous administration of amifostine for head and neck tumors treated by external radiotherapy. Semin Oncol 2002;29:57-60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boccia R. Improved tolerability of amifostine with rapid infusion and optimal patient preparation. Semin Oncol 2002;29:9-13
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Santini V. Amifostine: chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic protective effects. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2001;2:479-89
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ghielmini M, Van der Bosch S, Bosshard M, et al. Phase I-II study of escalating doses of amifostine combined with high-dose cyclophosphamide. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2001;47:532-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fouladi M, Stempak D, Gammon J, et al. Phase I trial of a twice-daily regimen of amifostine with ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide chemotherapy in children with refractory carcinoma. Cancer 2001;92:914-23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rades D, Fehlauer F, Bajrovic A, et al. Serious adverse effects of amifostine during radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients. Radiother Oncol 2004;70(3):261-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boccia R, Anné PR, Bourhis J, et al. Assessment and management of cutaneous reactions with amifostine administration: findings of the ethyol (amifostine) cutaneous treatment advisory panel (ECTAP). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004;60:302-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wasserman TH, Brizel DM, Henke M, et al. Influence of intravenous amifostine on xerostomia, tumor control, and survival after radiotherapy for head-and- neck cancer: 2-year follow-up of a prospective, randomized, phase III trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005;63:985-90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Büntzel J, Micke O, Adamietz IA, et al. Intravenous amifostine during chemoradiotherapy for head-and-neck cancer: a randomized placebo-controlled phase III study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;64:684-91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jellema AP, Slotman BJ, Muller MJ, et al. Radiotherapy alone, versus radiotherapy with amifostine 3 times weekly, versus radiotherapy with amifostine 5 times weekly: a prospective randomized study in squamous cell head and neck cancer. Cancer 2006;107:544-53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antonadou D, Pepelassi M, Synodinou M, et al. Prophylactic use of amifostine to prevent radiochemotherapy-induced mucositis and xerostomia in head-and-neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2002;52:739-47
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourhis J, De Crevoisier R, Abdulkarim B, et al. A randomized study of very accelerated radiotherapy with and without amifostine in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000;46:1105-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vacha P, Fehlauer F, Mahlmann B, et al. Randomized phase III trial of postoperative radiochemotherapy +/- amifostine in head and neck cancer. Is there evidence for radioprotection? Strahlenther Onkol 2003;179:385-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braaksma M, Levendag P. Tools for optimal tissue sparing in concomitant chemoradiation of advanced head and neck cancer: subcutaneous amifostine and computed tomography-based target delineation. Semin Oncol 2002;29:63-70
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Planting AS, Catimel G, de Mulder PH, et al. Randomized study of a short course of weekly cisplatin with or without amifostine in advanced head and neck cancer. EORTC Head and Neck Cooperative Group. Ann Oncol 1999;10:693-700
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haddad R, Wirth L, Costello R, et al. Phase II randomized study of concomitant chemoradiation using weekly carboplatin/paclitaxel with or without daily subcutaneous amifostine in patients with newly diagnosed locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Semin Oncol 2003;30:84-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Büntzel J, Glatzel M, Mücke R, et al. Influence of amifostine on late radiation-toxicity in head and neck cancer – a follow-up study. Anticancer Res 2007;27:1953-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bohuslavizki KH, Klutmann S, Brenner W, et al. Salivary gland protection by amifostine in high-dose radioiodine treatment: results of a double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Clin Oncol 1998;16:3542-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Büntzel J, Glatzel M, Kuttner K, et al. Amifostine in simultaneous radiochemotherapy of advanced head and neck cancer. Semin Radiat Oncol 2002;12:4-13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sasse AD, Clark LG, Sasse EC, Clark OA. Amifostine reduces side effects and improves complete response rate during radiotherapy: results of a meta-analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;64:784-91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mell LK, Mehrotra AK, Mundt AJ. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy use in the US, 2004. Cancer 2005;104:1296-303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thorstad WL, Chao KS, Haughey B. Toxicity and compliance of subcutaneous amifostine in patients undergoing postoperative intensity-modulated radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. Semin Oncol 2004;31:8-12
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rosenthal DI, Chambers MS, Weber RS, Eisbruch A. A phase II study to assess the efficacy of amifostine for submandibular/sublingual salivary sparing during the treatment of head and neck cancer with intensity modulated radiation therapy for parotid salivary sparing. Semin Oncol 2004;31:25-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Movsas B, Scott C, Langer C, et al. Randomized trial of amifostine in locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and hyperfractionated radiation: radiation therapy oncology group trial 98-01. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:2145-54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senzer N. A phase III randomized evaluation of amifostine in stage IIIA/IIIB non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving concurrent carboplatin, paclitaxel, and radiation therapy followed by gemcitabine and cisplatin intensification: preliminary findings. Semin Oncol 2002;29:38-41
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leong SS, Tan EH, Fong KW, et al. Randomized double-blind trial of combined modality treatment with or without amifostine in unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2003;21:1767-74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Komaki R, Lee JS, Milas L, et al. Effects of amifostine on acute toxicity from concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy for inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer: report of a randomized comparative trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004;58:1369-77
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antonadou D, Throuvalas N, Petridis A, et al. Effect of amifostine on toxicities associated with radiochemotherapy in patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2003;57:402-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antonadou D, Coliarakis N, Synodinou M, et al. Randomized phase III trial of radiation treatment +/- amifostine in patients with advanced-stage lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001;51:915-22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jatoi A, Martenson JA, Foster NR, et al. Paclitaxel, carboplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and radiation for locally advanced esophageal cancer: phase II results of preliminary pharmacologic and molecular efforts to mitigate toxicity and predict outcomes: North Central Cancer Treatment Group (N0044). Am J Clin Oncol 2007;30:507-13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Athanassiou H, Antonadou D, Coliarakis N, et al. Protective effect of amifostine during fractionated radiotherapy in patients with pelvic carcinomas: results of a randomized trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2003;56:1154-60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kouloulias VE, Kouvaris JR, Pissakas G, et al. A phase II randomized study of topical intrarectal administration of amifostine for the prevention of acute radiation-induced rectal toxicity. Strahlenther Onkol 2004;180:557-62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simone NL, Ménard C, Soule BP, et al. Intrarectal amifostine during external beam radiation therapy for prostate cancer produces significant improvements in quality of life measured by EPIC score. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008;70:90-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Small W, Winter C, Levenback R, et al. Extended field irradiation and intracavitary brachytherapy combined with cisplatin chemotherapy for cervical cancer with positive para-aortic or high common iliac lymph nodes: results of arm 2 of RTOG 0116 [abstract]. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007;69:S5-6
   Google Scholar
• Komaki R. What should the optimal timing be for amifostine administration relative to radiation and chemotherapy? J Clin Oncol 2005;23:7232-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Movsas B, Scott C, Langer C, et al. What should the optimal timing be for amifostine administration relative to radiation and chemotherapy? – author reply. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:7233-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damron TA, Spadaro JA, Horton JA, et al. Novel radioprotectant drugs for sparing radiation-induced damage to the physis. Int J Radiat Biol 2004;80:217-28
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennett CL, Lane D, Stinson T, et al. Economic analysis of amifostine as adjunctive support for patients with advanced head and neck cancer: preliminary results from a randomized phase II clinical trial from Germany. Cancer Invest 2001;19:107-13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braaksma M, van Agthoven M, Nijdam W, et al. Costs of treatment intensification for head and neck cancer: concomitant chemoradiation randomised for radioprotection with amifostine. Eur J Cancer 2005;41:2102-11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milas L, Hunter N, Ito H, et al. Effect of tumor type, size, and endpoint on tumor radioprotection by WR-2721. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1984;10:41-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mell LK, Malik R, Komaki R, et al. Effect of amifostine on response rates in locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients treated on randomized controlled trials: a meta-analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007;68:111-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourhis J, Tribodet H, Brizel DM, et al. Meta-analysis of amifostine in radiotherapy (MAART): preliminary analysis of 11 randomized clinical trials including 1,014 patients [abstract]. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;66:S67
   Google Scholar
• Koukourakis MI. Amifostine in clinical oncology: current use and future applications. Anticancer Drugs 2002;13:181-209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epstein JB, Silverman S Jr, Paggiarino DA, et al. Benzydamine HCl for prophylaxis of radiationinduced oral mucositis: results from a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Cancer 2001;92:875-85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spielberger R, Stiff P, Bensinger W, et al. Palifermin for oral mucositis after intensive therapy for hematologic cancers. N Engl J Med 2004;351:2590-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson JT, Ferretti GA, Nethery WJ, et al. Oral pilocarpine for post-irradiation xerostomia in patients with head and neck cancer. N Engl J Med 1993;329:390-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anscher MS, Thrasher B, Zgonjanin L, et al. Small molecular inhibitor of transforming growth factor-beta protects against development of radiation-induced lung injury. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008;71:829-37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carpenter M, Epperly MW, Agarwal A, et al. Inhalation delivery of manganese superoxide dismutase-plasmid/liposomes protects the murine lung from irradiation damage. Gene Ther 2005;12:685-93
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hwang WY, Koh LP, Ng HJ, et al. A randomized trial of amifostine as a cytoprotectant for patients receiving myeloablative therapy for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2004;34:51-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brizel DM. Strategies for protecting normal tissue in the treatment of head and neck cancer. In: Adelstein DJ, editor, Squamous cell head and neck cancer recent clinical progress and prospects for the future. Humana Press: Totowa, NJ; 2005. p. 228
   Google Scholar
• Law A, Kennedy T, Pellitteri P, et al. Efficacy and safety of subcutaneous amifostine in minimizing radiation-induced toxicities in patients receiving combined-modality treatment for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007;69:1361-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozsahin M, Betz M, Matzinger O, et al. Feasibility and efficacy of subcutaneous amifostine therapy in patients with head and neck cancer treated with curative accelerated concomitant-boost radiation therapy. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2006;132:141-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suntharalingam M, Jaboin J, Taylor R, et al. The evaluation of amifostine for mucosal protection in patients with advanced loco-regional squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHN) treated with concurrent weekly carboplatin, paclitaxel, and daily radiotherapy (RT). Semin Oncol 2004;31:2-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar