Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in the treatment of low-stage nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testicle

References

• Bosl GJ, Motzer RJ. Testicular germ-cell cancer. N. Engl. J. Med.337, 242–253 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huyghe E, Matsuda T, Thonneau P. Increasing incidence of testicular cancer worldwide. J. Urol.170(1), 5–11 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donohue JP, Foster RS. Nerve-sparing retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy with preservation of ejaculation. J. Urol.144(2 Pt 1), 287–292 (1990).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samuleson L, Forsberg L, Olsson AM et al. Accuracy of radiologic staging procedures in nonseminomatous testis cancer compared with findings from surgical exploration and histopathologic studies of tissues. Br. J. Radiol.59, 131 (1986).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gatti JM, Stephenson RA. Staging of testis cancer: combining serum markers, histologic parameters and radiographic imaging. Urol. Clin. N. Am.25(3), 397–403 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bosl GJ, Geller NL, Cirrincione C. Serum tumor markers in patients with metastatic germ cell tumors of the testis: a 10-year experience. Am. J. Med.75, 29 (1983).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fleming ID, Cooper JS, Hensen DE et al.AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 5th edition. Lippincott–Raven, PA, USA (1997).
   Google Scholar
• Klein EA. Tumor markers in testis cancer. Urol. Clin. N. Am.20, 67–73 (1993).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rathmell AJ, Brand IR, Carey BM et al. Early detection of relapse after treatment for metastatic germ cell tumours of the testis: an exercise in medical audit. J. Clin. Oncol.5, 34–38 (1993).
   Google Scholar
• Heiken JP, Forman HP, Brown JJ. Neoplasms of the bladder, prostate, and testis. Radiol. Clin. N. Am.32, 81–96 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leibovitch I, Foster RS, Kopecky KK et al. Improved accuracy of computerized tomography based clinical staging in low stage nonseminomatous germ cell cancer using size criteria of retroperitoneal lymph nodes. J. Urol.154, 1759 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoh CK, Seltzer MA, Franklin J et al. Positron emission tomography in urological oncology. J. Urol.159(2), 347–356 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baniel J, Foster RS, Rowland RG et al. Complications of primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. J. Urol.152, 424–427 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richie JP. Clinical stage I testis cancer: the role of modified retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. J. Urol.144, 1160–1163 (1990).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donohue JP, Foster RS. Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in staging and treatment. Urol. Clin. N. Am.25(3), 461–468 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donohue JP, Zachary J, Maynard S. Distribution of nodal metastasis in nonseminomatous testicular cancer. J. Urol.129, 315 (1982).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Narayan P, Lange PM, Fraley EF. Ejaculation and fertility after extended retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for testicular cancer. J. Urol.127, 185 (1982).
   Google Scholar
• Donohue JP, Thornhill JA, Foster RS et al. Retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in clinical Stage A nonseminomatous germ cell tumor: review of the Indiana University experience. Br. J. Urol.71, 326–335 (1993).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Donohue JP, Thornhill JA, Foster RS et al. The role of retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in clinical Stage B testicular cancer: the Indiana University experience (1965–1989). J. Urol.153(1), 85–89 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richie JP, Kantoff PW. Is adjuvant chemotherapy necessary for patients with stage BI testicular cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.9(8), 1393–1398 (1991).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bredael JJ, Vugrin D, Whitmore WF Jr. Recurrences in surgical Stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis. J. Urol.130, 476–478 (1983).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baniel J, Foster RS, Einhorn LH et al. Late relapse of clinical stage I testicular cancer. J. Urol.154(4), 1370–1372 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foster RS, Donohue JP. Treatment options for Stage I testicular cancer. Contemp. Urol.36–4 (1991).
   Google Scholar
• Lange PH, Narayan P, Fraley EE. Fertility issues following therapy for testicular cancer. Semin. Urol.2, 264–274 (1994).
   Google Scholar
• Foster RS, McNulty A, Rubin LR et al. The fertility of patients with clinical Stage I testis cancer managed by nerve-sparing retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. J. Urol.152, 1139–1142 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sogani PC, Perrotti M, Herr HW et al. Clinical Stage I testis cancer: long-term outcome of patients on surveillance. J. Urol.159(3), 855–858 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Read G, Stenning SP, Cullen MH et al. Medical Research Council prospective study of surveillance for Stage I testicular teratoma. J. Clin. Oncol.10, 1762–1768 (1992).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freedman LS, Jones WG, Peckham MJ et al. Histopathology in the prediction of relapse of patients with Stage I testicular teratoma treated by orchidectomy alone. Lancet2, 294–298 (1987).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pohar KS, Rabbani F, Bosl GJ et al. Results of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for clinical Stage I and II pure embryonal carcinoma of the testis. J. Urol.170(4 Pt 1), 1155–1158 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sweeney CJ, Hermans BP, Heilman DK et al. Results and outcome of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for clinical Stage I embryonal carcinoma-predominant testis cancer. J. Clin. Oncol.18(2), 358–362 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermans BP, Sweeney CJ, Foster RS et al. Risk of systemic metastases in clinical Stage I nonseminoma germ cell testis tumor managed by retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. J. Urol.163(6), 1721–1724 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabbani F, Sheinfeld J, Farivar-Mohseni H et al. Low-volume nodal metastases detected at retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for testicular cancer: pattern and prognostic factors for relapse. J. Clin. Oncol.19(7), 2020–2025 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Logothetis CT, Samuels MC, Tridale A et al. The growing teratoma syndrome. Cancer50, 1629 (1982).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheinfield J, McKiernan J, Bosl GJ et al. Surgery of testicular tumors. In: Campbell's Urology, 8th edition. Walsh PC, Retik AB, Vaughan ED, Wein AJ (Eds), WB Saunders Co, PA, USA (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Baniel J, Foster RS, Einhonr LH et al. Late relapse of clinical Stage I testicular cancer. J. Urol.154(4), 1370–1372 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molzer RJ, Amsterdam A, Prieto V et al. Teratoma with malignant transformation: diverse malignant histologies arising in men with germ cell tumors. J. Urol.159, 133 (1998).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sheinfeld J, Motzer RJ, Rabbani F et al. Incidence and clinical outcome of patients with teratoma in the retroperitoneum following primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for clinical Stages I and IIa nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. J. Urol.170(4 Pt 1), 1159–1162 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baniel J, Roth BJ, Foster RS, Donohue JP. Cost and risk benefit in the management of clinical Stage II nonseminomatous testicular tumors. Cancer75, 2897–2903 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saxman SB, Nichols CR, Foster RS et al. The management of patients with clinical Stage I nonseminomatous testicular tumors and persistently elevated serologic markers. J. Urol.155(2), 587–589 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis BE, Herr HW, Fair WR, Bosl GJ. The management of patients with nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis with serologic disease only after orchiectomy. J. Urol.152, 111–114 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Studer UE, Burkhard FC, Sonntag RW. Risk adapted management with adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with high risk clinical Stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumor. J. Urol.163, 1785–1787(2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sternberg CN. The management of Stage I testis cancer. Urol. Clin. N. Am.25(3), 435–449 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bohlen D, Borner M, Sonntag RW et al. Long-term results following adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with clinical Stage I testicular nonseminomatous malignant germ cell tumors with high risk factors. J. Urol.161(4), 1148–1152 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heidenreich A, Sesterhenn IA, Mostofi FK et al. Prognostic risk factors that identify patients with clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumors at low risk and high risk for metastases. Cancer83, 1002–1011 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lerner SE, Mann BS, Blute ML et al. Primary chemotherapy for clinical Stage II nonseminomatous germ cell tumors: selection criteria and long-term results. Mayo Clin. Proc.70(9), 821–828 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vurgin D, Whitmore WF. The role of chemotherapy and surgery in the treatment of retroperitoneal metastases in advanced nonseminomatous testis cancer. Cancer55, 1874–1878 (1985).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyer M, Raghavan D. Toxicity of treatment of germ cell tumors. Semin. Oncol.19, 128–142 (1992).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bokemeyer C, Schmoll HJ. Treatment of testicular cancer and the development of secondary malignancies. J. Clin. Oncol.13, 283–292 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lampe H, Horwich A, Norman A et al. Fertility after chemotherapy for testicular germ cell cancers. J. Clin. Oncol.15, 239 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stephenson WT, Poirier SM, Rubin L, Einhorn LH. Evaluation of reproductive capacity in germ cell tumor patients following treatment with cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin. J. Clin. Oncol.13, 2278–2280 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pont J, Albrecht W, Postner G et al. Adjuvant chemotherapy for high-risk clinical stage I nonseminomatous testicular germ-cell cancer: long-term results of a prospective trial. J. Clin. Oncol.14, 441–448 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foster RS, Donohue JP. Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for the management of clinical Stage I nonseminoma. J. Urol.163(6), 1788–1792 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jewett MA, Wesley-James T. Early and late complications of retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in testis cancer. Can. J. Surg.34, 368–373 (1991).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hao D, Seidel J, Brant R et al. Compliance of clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumor patients with surveillance. J. Urol.163(3), 768–771 (1998).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janetschek G, Hobisch A, Holtl L et al. Retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for clinical Stage I nonseminomatous testicular tumor: laparoscopy versus open surgery and impact of learning curve. J. Urol.161, 477–481 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kavoussi LR, Nelson JB, Bishoff JT et al. Laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for clinical Stage I nonseminomatous germ cell testicular tumors. J. Urol.163 (2000) (Abstract 575).
   Google Scholar
• Janetschek G, Hobisch A, Peschel R et al. Laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for clinical Stage I nonseminomatous testicular carcinoma. J. Urol.163, 1793–1796 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson JB, Chen RN, Bishoff JT et al. Laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for clinical Stage I nonseminomatous germ cell testicular tumors. Urology54, 1064–1067 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janetschek G, Hobisch A, Peschel R et al. Laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for clinical Stage I nonseminomatous testicular carcinoma: long-term outcome. J. Urol.163(6), 1793–1796 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar