MRI in the detection and management of breast cancer

References

• Mandelson MT, Oestreicher N, Porter PL et al. Breast density as a predictor of mammographic detection: comparison of interval- and screen-detected cancers. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 92(13), 1081–1087 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teh W, Wilson AR. The role of ultrasound in breast cancer screening. A consensus statement by the European Group for Breast Cancer Screening. Eur. J. Cancer 34(4), 449–450 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nieuwenhuis B, Van Assen-Bolt AJ, Van Waarde-Verhagen MA et al. BRCA1 and BRCA2 heterozygosity and repair of x-ray-induced DNA damage. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 78(4), 285–295 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takehara M, Tamura M, Kameda H, Ogita M. Examination of breast conserving therapy in lobular carcinoma. Breast Cancer 11(1), 69–72 (2004).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kuhl CK, Bieling HB, Gieseke J et al. Healthy premenopausal breast parenchyma in dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging of the breast: normal contrast medium enhancement and cyclical-phase dependency. Radiology 203(1), 137–144 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Padhani AR, Dzik-Jurasz A. Perfusion MR imaging of extracranial tumor angiogenesis. Top. Magn. Reson. Imaging 15(1), 41–57 (2004).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ah-See ML, Padhani AR. Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Breast Cancer. In: Dynamic Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Oncology. Jackson A, Buckley DL, Parker GJM (Eds), Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 145–174 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Roberts TP. Physiologic measurements by contrast-enhanced MR imaging: expectations and limitations. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 7(1), 82–90 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knopp MV, Bourne MW, Sardanelli F et al. Gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI of the breast: analysis of dose response and comparison with gadopentetate dimeglumine. AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 181(3), 663–676 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhl CK, Mielcareck P, Klaschik S et al. Dynamic breast MR imaging: are signal intensity time course data useful for differential diagnosis of enhancing lesions? Radiology 211(1), 101–110 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu PF, Debatin JF, Caduff RF et al. Improved diagnostic accuracy in dynamic contrast enhanced MRI of the breast by combined quantitative and qualitative analysis. Br. J. Radiol. 71(845), 501–509 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ikeda DM, Hylton NM, Kinkel K et al. Development, standardization, and testing of a lexicon for reporting contrast-enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging studies. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 13(6), 889–895 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evelhoch JL. Key factors in the acquisition of contrast kinetic data for oncology. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 10(3), 254–259 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tofts PS. Modeling tracer kinetics in dynamic Gd-DTPA MR imaging. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 7(1), 91–101 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tofts PS, Brix G, Buckley DL et al. Estimating kinetic parameters from dynamic contrast-enhanced T(1)-weighted MRI of a diffusable tracer: standardized quantities and symbols. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 10(3), 223–232 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knopp MV, Weiss E, Sinn HP et al. Pathophysiologic basis of contrast enhancement in breast tumors. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 10(3), 260–266 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buadu LD, Murakami J, Murayama S et al. Breast lesions: correlation of contrast medium enhancement patterns on MR images with histopathologic findings and tumor angiogenesis. Radiology 200(3), 639–649 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsubayashi R, Matsuo Y, Edakuni G et al. Breast masses with peripheral rim enhancement on dynamic contrast-enhanced MR images: correlation of MR findings with histologic features and expression of growth factors. Radiology 217(3), 841–848 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weidner N. Tumoural vascularity as a prognostic factor in cancer patients: the evidence continues to grow. J. Pathol. 184(2), 119–122 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stomper PC, Winston JS, Herman S et al. Angiogenesis and dynamic MR imaging gadolinium enhancement of malignant and benign breast lesions. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 45(1), 39–46 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buckley DL, Drew PJ, Mussurakis S, Monson JR, Horsman A. Microvessel density of invasive breast cancer assessed by dynamic Gd-DTPA enhanced MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 7(3), 461–464 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hulka CA, Edmister WB, Smith BL et al. Dynamic echo-planar imaging of the breast: experience in diagnosing breast carcinoma and correlation with tumor angiogenesis. Radiology 205(3), 837–842 (1997).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Su MY, Cheung YC, Fruehauf JP et al. Correlation of dynamic contrast enhancement MRI parameters with microvessel density and VEGF for assessment of angiogenesis in breast cancer. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 18(4), 467–477 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brekelmans CT, Seynaeve C, Bartels CC et al. Effectiveness of breast cancer surveillance in BRCA1/2 gene mutation carriers and women with high familial risk. J. Clin. Oncol. 19(4), 924–930 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warner E, Plewes DB, Shumak RS et al. Comparison of breast magnetic resonance imaging, mammography, and ultrasound for surveillance of women at high risk for hereditary breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 19(15), 3524–3531 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhl CK, Schmutzler RK, Leutner CC et al. Breast MR imaging screening in 192 women proved or suspected to be carriers of a breast cancer susceptibility gene: preliminary results. Radiology 215(1), 267–279 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podo F, Sardanelli F, Canese R et al. The Italian multi-centre project on evaluation of MRI and other imaging modalities in early detection of breast cancer in subjects at high genetic risk. J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res. 21(3S), 115–124 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoutjesdijk MJ, Boetes C, Jager GJ et al. Magnetic resonance imaging and mammography in women with a hereditary risk of breast cancer. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 93(14), 1095–1102 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warner E, Plewes DB, Hill KA et al. Surveillance of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers with magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, mammography, and clinical breast examination. JAMA 292(11), 1317–1325 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kriege M, Brekelmans CT, Boetes C et al. Efficacy of MRI and mammography for breast-cancer screening in women with a familial or genetic predisposition. N. Engl. J. Med. 351(5), 427–437 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deniz K, O’Mahony S, Ross G, Purushotham A. Breast cancer in women after treatment for Hodgkin’s disease. Lancet Oncol. 4(4), 207–214 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fourquet A, de la Rochefordiere A, Campana F. Occult primary cancer with axillary metastases. In: Diseases of the Breast. Harris JR, Lippman ME, Morrow M, Hellman S (Eds), Lippincott-Raven, PA, USA, 892–896 (1996).
   Google Scholar
• Rosen PP, Kimmel M. Occult breast carcinoma presenting with axillary lymph node metastases: a follow-up study of 48 patients. Hum. Pathol. 21(5), 518–523 (1990).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fortunato L, Sorrento JJ, Golub RA, Cantu R. Occult breast cancer. A case report and review of the literature. NY State J. Med. 92(12), 555–557 (1992).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Orel SG, Weinstein SP, Schnall MD et al. Breast MR imaging in patients with axillary node metastases and unknown primary malignancy. Radiology 212(2), 543–549 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olson JA Jr, Morris EA, Van Zee KJ, Linehan DC, Borgen PI. Magnetic resonance imaging facilitates breast conservation for occult breast cancer. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 7(6), 411–415 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellerbroek N, Holmes F, Singletary E et al. Treatment of patients with isolated axillary nodal metastases from an occult primary carcinoma consistent with breast origin. Cancer 66(7), 1461–1467 (1990).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knapper WH. Management of occult breast cancer presenting as an axillary metastasis. Semin. Surg. Oncol. 7(5), 311–313 (1991).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Liberman L, Morris EA, Lee MJ et al. Breast lesions detected on MR imaging: features and positive predictive value. AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 179(1), 171–178 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qayyum A, Birdwell RL, Daniel BL et al. MR imaging features of infiltrating lobular carcinoma of the breast: histopathologic correlation. AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 178(5), 1227–1232 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siegmann KC, Muller-Schimpfle M, Schick F et al. MR imaging-detected breast lesions: histopathologic correlation of lesion characteristics and signal intensity data. AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 178(6), 1403–1409 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orel SG, Schnall MD. MR imaging of the breast for the detection, diagnosis, and staging of breast cancer. Radiology 220(1), 13–30 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris EA. Breast cancer imaging with MRI. Radiol. Clin. North Am. 40(3), 443–466 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diekmann F, Diekmann S, Beljavskaja M et al. Preoperative MRT of the breast in invasive lobular carcinoma in comparison with invasive ductal carcinoma. Rofo Fortschr Geb Rontgenstr Neuen Bildgeb Verfahr 176(4), 544–549 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Neubauer H, Li M, Kuehne-Heid R, Schneider A, Kaiser WA. High grade and non-high grade ductal carcinoma in situ on dynamic MR mammography: characteristic findings for signal increase and morphological pattern of enhancement. Br. J. Radiol. 76(901), 3–12 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilles R, Zafrani B, Guinebretiere JM et al. Ductal carcinoma in situ: MR imaging–histopathologic correlation. Radiology 196(2), 415–419 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liberman L, Morris EA, Dershaw DD, Abramson AF, Tan LK. Ductal enhancement on MR imaging of the breast. AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 181(2), 519–525 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis PL, Staiger MJ, Harris KB et al. Breast cancer measurements with magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography, and mammography. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 37(1), 1–9 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang WT, Lam WW, Cheung H et al. Sonographic, magnetic resonance imaging, and mammographic assessments of preoperative size of breast cancer. J. Ultrasound Med. 16(12), 791–797 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esserman L, Hylton N, Yassa L et al. Utility of magnetic resonance imaging in the management of breast cancer: evidence for improved preoperative staging. J. Clin. Oncol. 17(1), 110–119 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischer U, Kopka L, Grabbe E. Breast carcinoma: effect of preoperative contrast-enhanced MR imaging on the therapeutic approach. Radiology 213(3), 881–888 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slanetz PJ, Edmister WB, Yeh ED, Talele AC, Kopans DB. Occult contralateral breast carcinoma incidentally detected by breast magnetic resonance imaging. Breast J. 8(3), 145–148 (2002).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lee SG, Orel SG, Woo IJ et al. MR imaging screening of the contralateral breast in patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer: preliminary results. Radiology 226(3), 773–778 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liberman L, Morris EA, Kim CM et al. MR imaging findings in the contralateral breast of women with recently diagnosed breast cancer. AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 180(2), 333–341 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drew PJ, Chatterjee S, Turnbull LW et al. Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the breast is superior to triple assessment for the pre-operative detection of multifocal breast cancer. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 6(6), 599–603 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liberman L, Morris EA, Dershaw DD, Abramson AF, Tan LK. MR imaging of the ipsilateral breast in women with percutaneously proven breast cancer. AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 180(4), 901–910 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bedrosian I, Schlencker J, Spitz FR et al. Magnetic resonance imaging-guided biopsy of mammographically and clinically occult breast lesions. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 9(5), 457–461 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kramer S, Schulz-Wendtland R, Hagedorn K, Bautz W, Lang N. Magnetic resonance imaging and its role in the diagnosis of multicentric breast cancer. Anticancer Res. 18(3C), 2163–2164 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tan JE, Orel SG, Schnall MD, Schultz DJ, Solin LJ. Role of magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance imaging-guided surgery in the evaluation of patients with early-stage breast cancer for breast conservation treatment. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 22(4), 414–418 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher B, Anderson S, Bryant J et al. Twenty-year follow-up of a randomized trial comparing total mastectomy, lumpectomy, and lumpectomy plus irradiation for the treatment of invasive breast cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 347(16), 1233–1241 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufmann M, von Minckwitz G, Smith R et al. International expert panel on the use of primary (preoperative) systemic treatment of operable breast cancer: review and recommendations. J. Clin. Oncol. 21(13), 2600–2608 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Hage JA, van de Velde CJ, Julien JP et al. Preoperative chemotherapy in primary operable breast cancer: results from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer trial 10902. J. Clin. Oncol. 19(22), 4224–4237 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Makris A, Powles TJ, Ashley SE et al. A reduction in the requirements for mastectomy in a randomized trial of neoadjuvant chemoendocrine therapy in primary breast cancer. Ann. Oncol. 9(11), 1179–1184 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher B, Bryant J, Wolmark N et al. Effect of preoperative chemotherapy on the outcome of women with operable breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 16(8), 2672–2685 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonadonna G, Valagussa P, Brambilla C et al. Primary chemotherapy in operable breast cancer: eight-year experience at the Milan Cancer Institute. J. Clin. Oncol. 16(1), 93–100 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith IC, Heys SD, Hutcheon AW et al. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer: significantly enhanced response with docetaxel. J. Clin. Oncol. 20(6), 1456–1466 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knopp MV, Brix G, Junkermann HJ, Sinn HP. MR mammography with pharmacokinetic mapping for monitoring of breast cancer treatment during neoadjuvant therapy. Magn. Reson. Imaging Clin. N. Am. 2(4), 633–658 (1994).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hayes C, Padhani AR, Leach MO. Assessing changes in tumour vascular function using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. NMR Biomed. 15(2), 154–163 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ah-See MW, Makris A, Taylor NJ et al. Does vascular imaging with MRI predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in primary breast cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 23(22) (2004) (Abstract 582).
   Google Scholar
• Martincich L, Montemurro F, De Rosa G et al. Monitoring response to primary chemotherapy in breast cancer using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 83(1), 67–76 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerbel RS, Klement G, Pritchard KI, Kamen B. Continuous low-dose anti-angiogenic/metronomic chemotherapy: from the research laboratory into the oncology clinic. Ann. Oncol. 13(1), 12–15 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Makris A, Powles TJ, Kakolyris S et al. Reduction in angiogenesis after neoadjuvant chemoendocrine therapy in patients with operable breast carcinoma. Cancer 85(9), 1996–2000 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darland DC, D’Amore PA. Blood vessel maturation: vascular development comes of age. J. Clin. Invest. 103(2), 157–158 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feldman LD, Hortobagyi GN, Buzdar AU, Ames FC, Blumenschein GR. Pathological assessment of response to induction chemotherapy in breast cancer. Cancer Res. 46(5), 2578–2581 (1986).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delille JP, Slanetz PJ, Yeh ED et al. Invasive ductal breast carcinoma response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy: noninvasive monitoring with functional MR imaging pilot study. Radiology 228(1), 63–69 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drew PJ, Kerin MJ, Mahapatra T et al. Evaluation of response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of the breast. Eur. J. Surg. Oncol. 27(7), 617–620 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abraham DC, Jones RC, Jones SE et al. Evaluation of neoadjuvant chemotherapeutic response of locally advanced breast cancer by magnetic resonance imaging. Cancer 78(1), 91–100 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rieber A, Brambs HJ, Gabelmann A et al. Breast MRI for monitoring response of primary breast cancer to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. Eur. Radiol. 12(7), 1711–1719 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weatherall PT, Evans GF, Metzger GJ, Saborrian MH, Leitch AM. MRI vs. histologic measurement of breast cancer following chemotherapy: comparison with x-ray mammography and palpation. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 13(6), 868–875 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Padhani A, Yarnold J, Regan J, Husband J. Magnetic resonance imaging of induration in the irradiated breast. Radiother. Oncol. 64(2), 157 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Padhani AR, Yarnold J, Regan J, Husband JE. Dynamic MRI of breast hardness following radiation treatment. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 17(4), 427–434 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krishnamurthy R, Whitman GJ, Stelling CB, Kushwaha AC. Mammographic findings after breast conservation therapy. Radiographics 19, S53–S62 (1999).
   Google Scholar
• Orel SG, Troupin RH, Patterson EA, Fowble BL. Breast cancer recurrence after lumpectomy and irradiation: role of mammography in detection. Radiology 183(1), 201–206 (1992).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Homer MJ. Mammographic Interpretation: A Practical Approach. McGraw-Hill, NY, USA, 4–5 (1991).
   Google Scholar
• Gilles R, Guinebretiere JM, Shapeero LG et al. Assessment of breast cancer recurrence with contrast-enhanced subtraction MR imaging: preliminary results in 26 patients. Radiology 188(2), 473–478 (1993).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mussurakis S, Buckley DL, Bowsley SJ et al. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the breast combined with pharmacokinetic analysis of gadolinium-DTPA uptake in the diagnosis of local recurrence of early stage breast carcinoma. Invest. Radiol. 30(11), 650–662 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heywang-Kobrunner SH, Schlegel A, Beck R et al. Contrast-enhanced MRI of the breast after limited surgery and radiation therapy. J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. 17(6), 891–900 (1993).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muuller RD, Barkhausen J, Sauerwein W, Langer R. Assessment of local recurrence after breast-conserving therapy with MRI. J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. 22(3), 408–412 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belli P, Costantini M, Romani M, Marano P, Pastore G. Magnetic resonance imaging in breast cancer recurrence. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 73(3), 223–235 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drew PJ, Kerin MJ, Turnbull LW et al. Routine screening for local recurrence following breast-conserving therapy for cancer with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the breast. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 5(3), 265–270 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mumtaz H, Davidson T, Hall-Craggs MA et al. Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and conventional triple assessment in locally recurrent breast cancer. Br. J. Surg. 84(8), 1147–1151 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar